The HITECH legislation provides incentives to healthcare organizations to adopt electronic health records (EHRs) and demonstrate meaningful use of health information technology. To qualify for EHR incentives, organizations must show that the technology improves quality, safety, efficiency and reduces health disparities. It must also engage patients, improve care coordination and population health. The legislation aims to increase adoption of EHRs while protecting patient privacy. However, meeting meaningful use criteria can be challenging for some organizations. The incentives have increased EHR adoption but ensuring meaningful use that improves care quality remains a work in progress.