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![Providing “Simple” Host Service
<Request> := <Length><Payload>
• <Length> := Payload length, as 4-byte
hexadecimal string in ASCII
• <Payload> := Request data
ADB client
connect 3
10 “OKAY0004001d”
7 “000Chost:version”
fdevent
loop
5037
listen 2
8 read
4
alistener
[smart]
5
create
6
create
install_listener 1
main()
A listener is an entity which
• binds and listens to a local port,
• creates an asocket upon receiving a
connection on that port, and
• connect the new local connection to a
specific service.
asocket
[local]
accept
<Response> :=
• “OKAY”, for success
• “FAIL”<Length><Reason>, for failure
• “OKAY”<Length><Version>, for version query
• …
9
enqueue
asocket
[smart]
struct alistener {
alistener *next;
alistener *prev;
ADB Server
Host
fdevent fde;
int fd;
Phase 1: ADB Server Startup
const char *local_name;
const char *connect_to;
atransport *transport;
adisconnect disconnect;
Phase 2: Connection Establishment
Phase 3: Service Request/Response
The 9th Kandroid Conference
};](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/9thkandroidconferencesnailee-v1-131020081431-phpapp02/85/Hierarchy-Viewer-Internals-17-320.jpg)
![Providing “Not-so-simple” Host Service
An asocket represents one half of a connection
between local and remote entity.
• A local asocket is bound to a file descriptor.
• A remote asocket is bound to an atransport.
ADB client
1
<request>
15 <response>
11
struct asocket {
asocket *next;
asocket *prev;
<response>
unsigned id;
int closing;
asocket *peer;
14 write
7
2 read
“OKAY”
asocket
[local]
8
3
12
13
read
enqueue
enqueue
asocket
[smart]
9 close
asocket
[local]
6 create
write
create
5
fdevent fde;
int fd;
10
service
thread
apacket *pkt_first;
apacket *pkt_last;
4 create
int (*enqueue)(asocket *s, apacket *pkt);
void (*ready)(asocket *s);
void (*close)(asocket *s);
ADB Server
Host
void *extra;
atransport *transport;
};
Phase 3: Service Request
Phase 4: Service Response
* Phase 1 & 2 Omitted
The 9th Kandroid Conference](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/9thkandroidconferencesnailee-v1-131020081431-phpapp02/85/Hierarchy-Viewer-Internals-18-320.jpg)
![Providing “Complex” Local Service
struct apacket {
apacket *next;
unsigned len;
unsigned char *ptr;
amessage msg;
unsigned char data[MAX_PAYLOAD];
};
ADB client
<request>
1
12 “OKAY”
22 <response>
21 write
struct amessage {
unsigned command;
unsigned arg0;
unsigned arg1;
unsigned data_length;
unsigned data_check;
unsigned magic;
};
enqueue
asocket
[remote]
asocket
[local]
6
3
enqueue
7 close
4 send
Host
18
<A_WRTE>
atransport
ADB Server
create
13
20
enqueue
asocket
[smart]
read
17
2 read
<A_OKAY>
5
asocket
[remote]
send
19
12
atransport
<A_OPEN>
Phase 3: Service Request
Phase 4: Service Response
• Phase 1 & 2 Omitted
The 9th Kandroid Conference
16
asocket
[local]
11 create
10 create
8
<response>
create
create
service
thread
adbd
9
14 write
Target
#define
#define
#define
#define
#define
#define
A_SYNC
A_CNXN
A_OPEN
A_OKAY
A_CLSE
A_WRTE
0x434e5953
0x4e584e43
0x4e45504f
0x59414b4f
0x45534c43
0x45545257
15](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/9thkandroidconferencesnailee-v1-131020081431-phpapp02/85/Hierarchy-Viewer-Internals-19-320.jpg)
![Invoking Service
Binder Service
ActivityThread
Looper
main()
Message
Queue
Permission
Unique Name
HelloAndroid
Receiver
H
Handle Message()
Service
Provider
ViewRoot
Impl
Handle Message()
ActivityManager
Service
IActivityManager
3 : startActivity
…
[parcel]
Activity
activity:0x1
View
1
Core Libraries
L IBRARIES
Binder
Thread
Pool
Binder
Service
Binder
Context
Manager
Dalvik Virtual
Machine
Shared Memory
Driver
0x0000a000
activity:0x1
Custom
Impl.
RUNTIME
LINUX KERNEL
System
Server
Service
Manager
User Application Process
BT #1
3
2
Core Libraries
Dalvik Virtual
Machine
…
LIBRARIES
LIBRARIES
0x1:3:[parcel]
RUNTIME
4
0x0000a000:3:[parcel]
Binder (IPC) Driver
The 9th Kandroid Conference
From the 8th Kandroid Conference](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/9thkandroidconferencesnailee-v1-131020081431-phpapp02/85/Hierarchy-Viewer-Internals-24-320.jpg)
![Controlling View Server
Remote View Server [port=4939]
4939
4939
Hierarchy
Viewer
1
2
10
create
8
listen
Thread
9
create
…
Thread Pool
ViewServer
“host:transport:<serialno>”
WindowManagerService
“shell:service call window 1 i32 4939”
7
create & start
system server
6
ADB
Server
IWindowManager.startViewServer(4939)
shell:service call window 1 i32 <port>
/system/bin/
shell:service call window 2
shell:service call window 3
service
/system/bin/
sh
3
T
T
“shell:service call window 1 i32 4939”
adbd
4
5
[fork] service call window 1 i32 4939
[fork] /system/bin/sh –c service call window 1 i32 4939
USB|TCP
Target
Host
The 9th Kandroid Conference](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/9thkandroidconferencesnailee-v1-131020081431-phpapp02/85/Hierarchy-Viewer-Internals-32-320.jpg)
Uploaded byKyungmin Lee
Hierarchy Viewer Internals
This document provides an overview of the Hierarchy Viewer tool in the Android SDK. It begins with background on SDKs and their importance. It then describes the goal of analyzing the Hierarchy Viewer to better understand Android UI debugging. The document proceeds to explain the architecture and functioning of the Hierarchy Viewer, including how it obtains and displays information about views and windows using techniques like Java reflection, annotations, and Binder IPC. It outlines the roadmap for the talk, which will cover these internals in more detail.
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Similar to Hierarchy Viewer Internals
Hierarchy Viewer Internals
- 1. Hierarchy Viewer Internals KyungminLee Software Platform Lab., LG Electronics snailee@gmail.com
- 2.
- 3. Goal Android와 같은 S/W플랫폼이 성장하고 널리 확산되는데 있어 SDK(Software Development Kit)의 역할은 매우 큽니다. 아무리 좋은 기능과 성능을 제공하는 플랫폼이라 할지라도 그 위에서 동작하는 앱을 만드는 게 어렵다면 그 플랫폼은 개발자들로부터 외면 받게 됩니다. 이는 해당 플랫폼에서 이용 가능한 앱의 개수가 줄고 품질이 저하되는 결과를 만들게 되어 그 플랫폼은 사용자들에게도 외면 받게 됩니다. 이로 인해 개발자들이 다시금 그 플랫폼을 외면하게 만드는 악순환이 형성됩니다. 이러한 악순환을 끊기 위한 첫 걸음은 바로 개발 생산성을 높여주는 SDK를 잘 만들어 제공하는 것입니다. 따라서 Android 기술 분야에서 경쟁력을 확보하고 주도권을 갖기 위해서는 Android 플랫폼을 제대로 이해하는 것 뿐만 아니라 Android SDK를 제대로 분석하고 개선할 수 있어야 합니다. 이번 세션에서는 "Android SDK 기술의 이해"라는 큰 주제의 첫 꼭지로써 Android UI(User Interface)를 디버깅하고 프로파일링하는데 사용하는 Hierarchy Viewer를 분석하고자 합니다. 먼저, Hierarchy Viewer를 분석하는데 필요한 몇몇 배경 지식을 설명한 후 Hierarchy Viewer의 내부 구조와 동작 방식을 살펴보겠습니다. From the Conference Program Overview The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 4. SDK (Software DevelopmentKit) A software development kit (SDK or "devkit") is typically a set of software development tools that allows for the creation of applications for a certain software package, software framework, hardware platform, computer system, video game console, operating system, or similar platform. It may be something as simple as an application programming interface (API) in the form of some files to interface to a particular programming language or include sophisticated hardware to communicate with a certain embedded system. Common tools include debugging aids and other utilities often presented in an integrated development environment (IDE). SDKs also frequently include sample code and supporting technical notes or other supporting documentation to help clarify points from the primary reference material. From Wikipedia Small No. of Low Quality Apps Bad SDK Ignored by Developers VS. Large No. of Hig Quality Apps Ignored by Users Good SDK Attract Developers Attract Users The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 5. Android SDK &Hierarchy Viewer SDK Tools contains tools for debugging and testing your application and other utility tools. SDK Platform-tools contains platform-dependent tools for developing and debugging your application. Documentation contains a local copy of the latest multi-version documentation for the Android framework API. Each SDK platform component includes a fully compliant • Android library, • system image (API Level <= 13), • sample code (API Level <= 6), and • emulator skins. Hierarchy Viewer • Related to graphics • Complex enough to get insights on how to develop a tool for Android Samples contains the sample code and apps available for each Android development platform. http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/index.html The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 6. Hierarchy Viewer List ofWindows Properties of a View Hierarchy of Views in an Window Layout of Views The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 7. Hierarchy Viewer Architecture 4939 AnotherTarget or Emulator … Hierarchy Viewer 4940 4939 4939 Window Window Window … system server View View View … user app. View Port Forwarding View adb forward tcp:4939 tcp:4939 View … user app. View ADB Server ADB Daemon View View … user app. USB|TCP Host Target|Emulator The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 8. Roadmap Questions Answers How to getinformation? List of Windows Window & View System 5 Hierarchy of Views in Window Java Reflection 1 Properties of View Java Annotations 2 Binder IPC 4 How to deliver information? Between processes in target Between host and target Android Debug Bridge 3 The 9th Kandroid Conference Hierarchy Viewer Internals 6
- 9. Reflection & Annotationin General In computer science, reflection is the process by which a computer program can observe and modify its own structure and behavior at runtime. Type, interface, class, methods, attributes, variables, functions, control structures, etc. Metadata From Wikipedia Meta Object Meta Level Set/Get Metadata (Value) 1 Add New Metadata (Type) 2 Application Base Level Base Object Annotation Reflection 1 Introspection 2 Intercession In programming, annotations are used mainly for the purpose of expanding code documentation and comments. … as a special form of syntactic metadata in the source code. From Wikipedia The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 10. Using Java Reflection • • • • B C D F byte char double float • • • • I J S Z int long short boolean •Lclass-name class-name The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 11. Using Java Annotations The9th Kandroid Conference
- 12. Using Java Annotations Built-inAnnotations The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 13. Android Debug Bridge adbd Target (USBmode) cmd-line adb (in platform-tools) adbd ADB Server DDMS (in tools) Act as proxy between clients & daemons (multiplexing loop) Target (TCP mode) adbd Emulator Hierarchy Viewer (in tools) USB Connection TCP Connection ADB Clients The 9th Kandroid Conference ADB Daemons
- 14. ADB Architecture ADB client Service Service Service 5037 ADBclient USB|TCP Service Service Service ADB Server adbd … fork Service adb port console port 5555 Service 5554 … 5555 adbd Guest (10.0.2.15) Emulator Host Target The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 15. Connection to Emulator ADBServer Emulator Network Address in Emulator Network Address Description 10.0.2.1 Router/gateway address 10.0.2.2 Special alias to your host loopback interface (i.e., 127.0.0.1 on your development machine) 10.0.2.3 First DNS server 10.0.2.4 / 10.0.2.5 / 10.0.2.6 Optional second, third and fourth DNS server (if any) 10.0.2.15 The emulated device's own network/ethernet interface 127.0.0.1 The emulated device's own loopback interface The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 16. ADB Services Host Services host:version host:connect host:transport:<serial> host:emulator:<port> host:kill host:disconnect host:transport-usb wait-for-usb|local|any host:devices host:get-serialno host:transport-local host:track-devices host:get-state host:transport-any root: tcpip: sync: tcp:<port> dev:<path> host-serial:<serial> backup: usb: tcp:<port>:<server-name> local:<path> host-usb restore: recover:<size> host-local remount: jdwp:<pid> dns:<server-name> localabstract:<path> host reboot: track-jdwp framebuffer localfilesystem:<path> LocalServices <host-prefix> dns forward:<local>;<remote> shell:command arg1 arg2 … killforward:<local>;<remote> shell: The 9th Kandroid Conference localreserved:<path> log:<name>
- 17. Providing “Simple” HostService <Request> := <Length><Payload> • <Length> := Payload length, as 4-byte hexadecimal string in ASCII • <Payload> := Request data ADB client connect 3 10 “OKAY0004001d” 7 “000Chost:version” fdevent loop 5037 listen 2 8 read 4 alistener [smart] 5 create 6 create install_listener 1 main() A listener is an entity which • binds and listens to a local port, • creates an asocket upon receiving a connection on that port, and • connect the new local connection to a specific service. asocket [local] accept <Response> := • “OKAY”, for success • “FAIL”<Length><Reason>, for failure • “OKAY”<Length><Version>, for version query • … 9 enqueue asocket [smart] struct alistener { alistener *next; alistener *prev; ADB Server Host fdevent fde; int fd; Phase 1: ADB Server Startup const char *local_name; const char *connect_to; atransport *transport; adisconnect disconnect; Phase 2: Connection Establishment Phase 3: Service Request/Response The 9th Kandroid Conference };
- 18. Providing “Not-so-simple” HostService An asocket represents one half of a connection between local and remote entity. • A local asocket is bound to a file descriptor. • A remote asocket is bound to an atransport. ADB client 1 <request> 15 <response> 11 struct asocket { asocket *next; asocket *prev; <response> unsigned id; int closing; asocket *peer; 14 write 7 2 read “OKAY” asocket [local] 8 3 12 13 read enqueue enqueue asocket [smart] 9 close asocket [local] 6 create write create 5 fdevent fde; int fd; 10 service thread apacket *pkt_first; apacket *pkt_last; 4 create int (*enqueue)(asocket *s, apacket *pkt); void (*ready)(asocket *s); void (*close)(asocket *s); ADB Server Host void *extra; atransport *transport; }; Phase 3: Service Request Phase 4: Service Response * Phase 1 & 2 Omitted The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 19. Providing “Complex” LocalService struct apacket { apacket *next; unsigned len; unsigned char *ptr; amessage msg; unsigned char data[MAX_PAYLOAD]; }; ADB client <request> 1 12 “OKAY” 22 <response> 21 write struct amessage { unsigned command; unsigned arg0; unsigned arg1; unsigned data_length; unsigned data_check; unsigned magic; }; enqueue asocket [remote] asocket [local] 6 3 enqueue 7 close 4 send Host 18 <A_WRTE> atransport ADB Server create 13 20 enqueue asocket [smart] read 17 2 read <A_OKAY> 5 asocket [remote] send 19 12 atransport <A_OPEN> Phase 3: Service Request Phase 4: Service Response • Phase 1 & 2 Omitted The 9th Kandroid Conference 16 asocket [local] 11 create 10 create 8 <response> create create service thread adbd 9 14 write Target #define #define #define #define #define #define A_SYNC A_CNXN A_OPEN A_OKAY A_CLSE A_WRTE 0x434e5953 0x4e584e43 0x4e45504f 0x59414b4f 0x45534c43 0x45545257 15
- 20. ADB Source Files $ANDROID_TOP/system/core/adb console.c commandline.c adb_client.c adb.c backup_service.c file_sync_client.c fdevent.c file_sync_service.c get_my_path_linux.c transort.c remount_service.c get_my_path_darwin.c transport_local.c jdwp_service.c get_my_path_windows.c tansport_usb.c framebuffer_service.c get_my_path_freebsd.c services.c usb_linux_clients.c usb_vendors.c sockets.c log_service.c utils.c usb_libusb.c usb_macos.c usb_linux.c usb_windows.c Sourcesfor adb (client & server) The 9th Kandroid Conference Sources for adbd
- 21. Changing Transport Mode:USB TCP 1 6 2 … 3 $setprop service.adb.tcp.port 5555 $stop adbd $start adbd 4 2 5 The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 22. Changing Transport Mode:TCP USB 1 * Protocol fault error if USB not connected 2 $setprop service.adb.tcp.port -1 $stop adbd $start adbd * USB need to be re-connected 3 The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 23. Using Service Manager Service Manager UserApplication Process Binder Service ActivityThread Looper main() Message Queue Permission Unique Name HelloAndroid Receiver H Handle Message() Service Provider ViewRoot Impl Activity Manager Service Activity Handle Message() 1 activity:0x1 View 7 RUNTIME Dalvik Virtual Machine 5 LIBRARIES 9 0x0:1:activity 4 RUNTIME Core Libraries Binder Context Manager 6 L IBRARIES 8 Binder Service Core Libraries Shared Memory Driver 0x0000a000 activity:0x1 Custom Impl. 10 LINUX KERNEL System Server 0x0:1:activity Dalvik Virtual Machine 3 LIBRARIES 0x0:3:activity:0x1 2 0x0:3:activity:0x0000a000 Binder (IPC) Driver The 9th Kandroid Conference From the 8th Kandroid Conference
- 24. Invoking Service Binder Service ActivityThread Looper main() Message Queue Permission UniqueName HelloAndroid Receiver H Handle Message() Service Provider ViewRoot Impl Handle Message() ActivityManager Service IActivityManager 3 : startActivity … [parcel] Activity activity:0x1 View 1 Core Libraries L IBRARIES Binder Thread Pool Binder Service Binder Context Manager Dalvik Virtual Machine Shared Memory Driver 0x0000a000 activity:0x1 Custom Impl. RUNTIME LINUX KERNEL System Server Service Manager User Application Process BT #1 3 2 Core Libraries Dalvik Virtual Machine … LIBRARIES LIBRARIES 0x1:3:[parcel] RUNTIME 4 0x0000a000:3:[parcel] Binder (IPC) Driver The 9th Kandroid Conference From the 8th Kandroid Conference
- 25. Launching Activity IApplicationThread Activity Manager Service 8 Activity Thread Application Thread 7 LAUNCH_ACTIVITY IActivityManager. startActivity() H handleMessage() sendMessage() IApplicationThread. scheduleLaunchActivity() 1 10 Looper 6 IApplicationThread. bindApplication() Message Queue 5 handle 9 &addr IActivityManager. attachApplication() 4 IActivityManager System Server UserApplication Process 2 fork request Zygote 3 fork The 9th Kandroid Conference From the 8th Kandroid Conference
- 26. Creating Window create 2 Activity Thread 1 H 4 LAUNCH_ACTIVITY Looper 8 onStart() 7 onResume() create Message Queue ViewRootImpl handleMessage() create 9 10 3 onCreate() 6 handleMessage() Activity Adding Window ViewRootImpl $W 5 create PhoneWindow create PhoneWindow $DecorView (FrameLayout) LinearLayout FrameLayout FrameLayout (id/content) TextView (id/title) LinearLayout TextView UserApplication Process The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 27. Adding Window IWindowManager Window Manager Service Activity Thread Looper 8 Message Queue IWindowManager. openSession( ) ViewRootImpl 1 IWindowSession. add() handleMessage() 7 &addr sendMessage() 3 create 2 handle Session (Per User Application) 4 create 6 ViewRootImpl $W 5 WindowState (Per Window) IWindow User Application Process The 9th Kandroid Conference System Server
- 28. User Application ProcessInternal IApplicationThread ActivityThread $Application Thread BroadcastReceiver • onReceive() Service Activity Manager Service H handleMessage() ViewRootImpl $W Activity Thread sendMessage() IWindow Window Manager Service Looper Binder IPC Thread Pool BT #1 ViewRootImpl handleMessage() sendMessage() Message Queue • • • • • onCreate() onStartCommand() onBind() onUnbind() onDesstory() ContentProvider • onCreate() Activity • • • • • • • onCreate() onStart() onResume() onPause() onStop() onDestory() onRestart() View • onMeasure() • onLayout() • onDraw() BT #N System Server User Application Process The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 29. Layering Windows (Surfaces) SystemWindows HIDDEN_NAV_CONSUMER_LAYER (24) POINTER_LAYER (23) STATUS_BAR_PANEL_LAYER (15) BOOT_PROGRESS_LAYER (22) STATUS_BAR_LAYER (14) SECURE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY_LAYER (21) STATUS_BAR_SUB_PANEL_LAYER (13) DRAG_LAYER (20) KEYGUARD_DIALOG_LAYER (12) SYSTEM_ERROR_LAYER (19) KEYGUARD_LAYER (11) NAVIGATION_BAR_LAYER (18) INPUT_METHOD_DIALOG_LAYER (10) SYSTEM_OVERLAY_LAYER (17) INPUT_METHOD_LAYER (9) VOLUME_OVERLAY_LAYER (16) SYSTEM_ALERT_LAYER (8) PRIORITY_PHONE_LAYER (7) Application Windows Including • TYPE_BASE_APPLICATION • TYPE_APPLICATION • TYPE_APLICATION_STARTING TOAST_LAYER (6) SYSTEM_DIALOG_LAYER (5) SEARCH_BAR_LAYER (4) PHONE_LAYER (3) WALLPAPER_LAYER (2) APPLICATION_SUB_PANEL_SUBLAYER (+2) APPLICATION_PANEL_SUBLAYER (+1) APPLICATION_LAYER (2) APPLICATION_MEDIA_OVERLAY_SUBLAYER (-1) APPLICATION_MEDIA_SUBLAYER (-2) Sub Windows • TYPE_APPLICATION_PANEL • TYPE_APPLICATION_ATTACHED_DIALOG The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 30. Hierarchy Viewer Architecture 4939 AnotherTarget or Emulator … Hierarchy Viewer 4940 4939 4939 Window Window Window … system server View View View … user app. View Port Forwarding View adb forward tcp:4939 tcp:4939 View … user app. View ADB Server ADB Daemon View View … user app. USB|TCP Host Target|Emulator The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 31. Hierarchy Viewer Commands ViewServerControl Version Information boolean startViewServer(int port) COMMAND_PROTOCOL_VERSION = “PROTOCOL” boolean stopViewServer() COMMAND_SERVER_VERSION = “SERVER” (In com.android.server.wm.ViewServer) boolean isViewServerRunning () (In android.view.IWindowManager) Window Information COMMAND_WINDOW_MANAGER_LIST = “LIST” COMMAND_WINDOW_MANAGER_AUTOLIST = “AUTOLIST” View Information/Control COMMAND_WINDOW_MANAGER_GET_FOCUS = “GET_FOCUS” REMOTE_COMMAND_CAPTURE = “CAPTURE” REMOTE_COMMAND_DUMP = “DUMP” REMOTE_COMMAND_INVALIDATE = “INVALIDATE” REMOTE_COMMAND_REQUEST_LAYOUT = “REQUEST_LAYOUT” REMOTE_PROFILE = “PROFILE” REMOTE_COMMAND_CAPTURE_LAYERS = “CAPTURE_LAYERS” REMOTE_COMMAND_OUTPUT_DISPLAYLIST = “OUTPUT_DISPLAYLIST” (In android.view.ViewDebug) The 9th Kandroid Conference (In com.android.server.wm.ViewServer)
- 32. Controlling View Server RemoteView Server [port=4939] 4939 4939 Hierarchy Viewer 1 2 10 create 8 listen Thread 9 create … Thread Pool ViewServer “host:transport:<serialno>” WindowManagerService “shell:service call window 1 i32 4939” 7 create & start system server 6 ADB Server IWindowManager.startViewServer(4939) shell:service call window 1 i32 <port> /system/bin/ shell:service call window 2 shell:service call window 3 service /system/bin/ sh 3 T T “shell:service call window 1 i32 4939” adbd 4 5 [fork] service call window 1 i32 4939 [fork] /system/bin/sh –c service call window 1 i32 4939 USB|TCP Target Host The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 33. ViewServer Multi-Threading The 9thKandroid Conference
- 34. Querying Version Information Hierarchy Viewer 4939 1connect 2 accept Thread 5 6 read run() 4 submit T Host ① “SERVER” ② “PROTOCOL” 7 3 T create run() … Thread Pool ViewServer WindowManagerService ① “4” ② “4” system server Target Phase 1: Connection Establishment Phase 2: Command/Result • ADB (Server & Daemon) Omitted $View Server Worker The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 35. Querying Windows <command> 1 Hierarchy Viewer 2 read 3 invoke T T … Thread Pool run() $View Server Worker 4 Host <result> ViewServer ①viewServerListWindows() ② viewServerGetFocusedWindow() ③ addWindowChangeListener() WindowManagerService system server Target <command> <result> ① “LIST” ② “GET_FOCUS” ③ “AUTOLIST” ① “413931a8 StatusBar” and “411945c1 com.android.browser/com.android.browser.BrowserActivity“ and … “DONE.” ② “411945c1 com.android.browser/com.android.browser.BrowserActivity” ③ “LIST UPDATE” and/or “FOCUS UPDATE” Phase 2: Command/Result • ADB (Server & Daemon) Omitted • Phase 1 Omitted The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 36. Querying/Controlling Views 1 <command> 2 Hierarchy Viewer read 3 T T viewServerWindowCommand() … Thread Pool run() $View Server Worker ViewServer Host WindowManagerService 4 8<result> system server findWindow() 5 IWindow.executeCommand() dispatchCommand() ViewDebug <command> ① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥ ⑦ 6 7 invoke “DUMP 411945c1” “CAPTURE_LAYERS 411945c1” “CAPTURE 411945c1 android.widget.Button@405185a8” “OUTPUT_DISPLAYLIST android.widget.Button@405185a8” “INVALIDATE android.widget.Button@405185a8” “REQUEST_LAYOUT android.widget.Button@405185a8” “PROFILE android.widget.Button@405185a8” ViewRootImpl View View View … Phase 2: Command/Result • ADB (Server & Daemon) Omitted • Phase 1 Omitted $W user application Target The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 37. Dumping View Hierarchy The9th Kandroid Conference
- 38. Dumping View Properties The9th Kandroid Conference
- 39. Selecting View Properties Cache The9th Kandroid Conference
- 40. Annotating View Properties The9th Kandroid Conference
- 41. Summary Questions Answers How to getinformation? List of Windows Window & View System 5 Hierarchy of Views in Window Java Reflection 1 Properties of View Java Annotations 2 Binder IPC 4 How to deliver information? Between processes in target Between host and target Android Debug Bridge 3 The 9th Kandroid Conference Hierarchy Viewer Internals 6
- 42. References • General – – – – • Java Reflection – – • http://www.kandroid.org/board/board.php?board=conference&command=body&no=76 Window andView System – • http://www.slideshare.net/tetsu.koba/adbandroid-debug-bridge-how-it-works http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/adb.html http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/emulator.html Binder IPC – • http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/java/javaOO/annotations.html http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/kr/library/j-annotate1/index.html http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/kr/library/j-annotate2.html http://www.slideshare.net/jennapederson/decorating-code-7252638 Android Debug Bridge – – – • http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/reflect/index.html http://www.slideshare.net/CiaranMcHale/java-reflection-explained-simply Java Annotations – – – – • Wikipedia (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/) Java Documentation (http://docs.oracle.com/javase/6/docs/) Android Documentation (http://developer.android.com/index.html) Android Source Code (http://source.android.com/) http://www.kandroid.org/board/board.php?board=conference&command=body&no=19 Hierarchy Viewer – http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/debugging/debugging-ui.html The 9th Kandroid Conference
- 43. The 9th KandroidConference