The document discusses several topics related to oral health and disease transmission: 1) Hepatitis B poses the greatest risk of transmission from patient to dental healthcare worker. All dental team members should be vaccinated against hepatitis B. 2) The risk of a healthcare worker contracting hepatitis B through a needlestick injury is increased if the patient's test results show presence of HBsAg. 3) A dentist has an obligation to report suspected child abuse to the relevant child protection agency, even if the patient requests confidentiality regarding the source of injuries.

1. Health Promotion
/Population/Oral
Health
2013 Pg. 350 – 372
2012 Pag 352-370

2. 2013 Pag355 # 9
The form of hepatitis that poses the greatest risk of transmission
from patient to dental health care worker is
A. hepatitis A.
B. hepatitis B.
C. hepatitis C.
D. hepatitis D.
Immunization: All members of the dental team (who are exposed
to blood or blood contaminated articles) should be vaccinated
against hepatitis B.
Text book of Operative Dentistry

3.  2013 Pag356 # 1
The risk of a health care worker contracting hepatitis B through a
needlestick injury from a chronic hepatitis B carrier is increased when
the patient’s serology report indicates the presence of
A.HBsAg.
B. anti-HBcAg.
C. HBeAg.
D. anti-HBsAg.

4. Pag358 # 1
An adult female patient presents to the dental office with fractured teeth, a lacerated lip and a black
eye. She is with her 6 year old son, who is crying and upset. The dentist’s receptionist discretely
reports that the child was asking his mother “Why was Daddy hurting you?” Upon questioning, the
patient confides that her husband was the source of her injuries and indicates that she would not be
pursuing any action. She is referred to a specialist due to the complexity of her dental injuries, but
she requests that the source of her injuries not be disclosed. What is the dentist’s obligation?
A. Respect the patient’s request regarding confidentiality.
B. Report her injuries to an adult protection agency.
C. Forward all information, including the source of the injuries, to the specialist.
D. Report the situation to a relevant child protection agency.
Dental health professionals continue to under-report child abuse, despite growing awareness of their
potential role in detecting this crime. This article presents an overview of child abuse and neglect
and outlines the indicators that may alert dental professionals to possible maltreatment of child
patients. Documentation protocols are also pro- vided to aid in reporting child abuse identified in the
dental office.
J Can Dent Assoc 1999; 65:387-91

5. Pag360 # 3
Which of the following statements regarding Informed Consent is FALSE? It is
A. always necessary.
B. given only by the person receiving the treatment.
C. able to be withdrawn.
D. procedure specific.
Failure to obtain the informed consent of the patient by not informing the patient of the risk of failure and its consequences
(particularly endodontic and orthodontics)
Voluntary informed consent must be obtained from all human subjects, or from their proxies, before any research is started.
dentistry, dental practice, and the community.

6. Pg 363#8
Which of the following statements is true?
A. Masks should always be worn when seeing a patient
B. A face shield is an appropriate replacement for a surgical mask
C. Surgical masks protect against exposure of spatter which is larger than
1μm
D. Masks should be changed when they become moist.
The barrier precautions (gloves, masks, and eyewear) and sterilization
procedures for pre- venting HCV transmission are the same as those for
preventing HBV transmission. Dentistry, dental practice, and the
community. Pag145

7. 371#2
The purpose of hand hygiene in infection control is primarily to reduce the
A. resident microflora in the deep tissue layers.
B
.
C. dryness of the skin prior to donning gloves.
D. risk of patient contamination
hand hygiene plays a central role in the reduction of cross-contamination and in
infection control. Hand hygiene significantly reduces potential pathogens on the hands
and is considered as the single most critical measure for reducing the risk of
transmitting organisms to patients and dentists. The microbial flora of the skin consist
of transient and resident microorganisms. Dentistry, dental practice, and the
community. Pag 233
Hepatitis B Virus

8. Regarding the Dietary Reference Intake (DRI) for calcium,
A. adult men and women require the same amount.
B. more calcium is required during pregnancy and lactation.
C. women over 70 years require more than men over 70 years.
D. under the age of 18, boys require more calcium than girls.
Age group
Recommended Dietary Allowance (RDA) per day Tolerable
Upper Intake Level (UL) per day
Infants 0-6 months
400 IU (10 mcg) 1000 IU (25 mcg)
Infants 7-12 months 400 IU (10 mcg)
1500 IU (38 mcg)
Children 1-3 years
600 IU (15 mcg) 2500 IU (63 mcg)
Children 4-8 years
600 IU (15 mcg) 3000 IU (75 mcg)
Children and Adults 9-70 years
600 IU (15 mcg) 4000 IU (100 mcg)
Adults > 70 years 800 IU (20 mcg) 4000 IU (100 mcg)
Pregnancy & Lactation
600 IU (15 mcg) 4000 IU (100 mcg)
http://www.hc-sc.gc.ca/fn-an/nutrition/vitamin/vita-d-eng.php#a10

9. 2012 Pag 361 #2
The risk of transmission of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) is greater than that
of Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) because HBV is
1. more resistant than HIV .
2. transmissible through saliva.
3. in higher numbers in blood than HIV.
4. autoclave resistant.
A. (1) (2) (3)
B. (1) and (3)
C. (2) and (4)
D. (4) only
E. All of the above.