Hacking your doorbell - Karl-Henrik Nilsson - Codemotion Rome 2015
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This document discusses hacking a doorbell to build an Internet of Things (IoT) device. It provides an overview of suggested hardware platforms for IoT projects, including Arduino, Netduino, Raspberry Pi, and BeagleBone Black. Each option is described with its advantages and disadvantages. The document encourages the reader to get started with IoT by hacking a doorbell and provides contact information for more resources.
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Hacking your doorbell - Karl-Henrik Nilsson - Codemotion Rome 2015
- 1. Hacking your Doorbell Get started building IoT devices – today!
- 2. By: Karl-Henrik Nilsson Systems architect/Senior developer at E-mail : KH@mean.se Twitter : @khnilsson
- 5. Hacking your Doorbell Get started building IoT devices – today!
- 7. My Father once said "There is nothing you can break that I can't fix"
- 9. Unique identity A smart device A sensor 12:38
- 10. The Internet of Things is already here!
- 11. So.. Why the hype? 2012 2014
- 15. Complicated stuff? Trust me it’s not!
- 19. Starting out! Suggested hardware and tools!
- 20. Arduino! Advantages: Cheap, real time possibilities, multiplatform IDE, Huge Huge community, excellent first hardware platform. Disadvantages: No multithreading, Pseudo C language
- 21. Netduino! Advantages: Multithreading, Excellent debugging in the Visual Studio IDE and come with the .NET API Disadvantages: Large performance drop due to interpreted code, large memory footprint, small(ish) community
- 22. Raspberry PI! Advantages: On board graphics, Full GNU/Linux system, Supports almost any programming language, Large community Disadvantages: GNU/Linux overhead,GPIO Support not 100%.
- 23. BeagleBone Black Advantages: ARM7, Excellent performance, Huge number of GPIOs. Disadvantages: Poorly supported Linux distribution, Small community.
- 25. Intel Galileo Gen.2 Advantages: Linux or Windows 8 IoT, Powerful, Arduino compatible Disadvantages: Small community, many users have had a hard time getting Windows 8 working.
- 26. Is that all? Of course not!
- 27. So how secure is this? Will my neighbours spy on me?
- 28. Shopping list and slides http://karl-henrik.se/hyd
- 29. http://karl-henrik.se/ Contact and more information @ Twitter: @KHNilsson E-mail : KH@Mean.se
- 30. Credits • Jamie Beverly (TheSoupBoy) for the San Fransico Image • Trec_lit for the bed and alarm clock image
Editor's Notes
- Hello! And Welcome to my talk Hacking your Doorbell, I realised that I have to give this session when I noticed that the fact that my doorbell could be muted with a click of a button in my WindowsPhone was such a big deal to my developer friends, especially since it was nothing more to it than a 433 Mhz transmitter pair, an mCU and a transistor to it. I am going to tell you about how to get started hacking hardware, a bit about reshaping dumb items to smart items and how to use modern software platforms in the IoT business.
- I work as a software architect for Sogeti, which is great if you don't mind everybody but the French getting your company name wrong. I have two goals for this session, the first goal is to make all you brilliant people interested in hacking hardware and creating smart products. The second goals is to make you understand that this is very easy to do. If you are a developer, or the guy who are going to pay for developers doing this then you will have to accept one thing – things are going to break, you are going to let the magical smoke out of a few items before you get the hang of this and it is important that you dare to do this to learn how the things work, I personally love playing with electronics, perhaps because I was very encouraged to do so as a child,
- In Sweden I work as a software architect for Sogeti. I love being here, and if you don’t believe me here is a picture of the weather in my home town this morning.
- Hello! And Welcome to my talk Hacking your Doorbell, I realised that I have to give this session when I noticed that the fact that my doorbell could be muted with a click of a button in my WindowsPhone was such a big deal to my developer friends, especially since it was nothing more to it than a 433 Mhz transmitter pair, an mCU and a transistor to it. I am going to tell you about how to get started hacking hardware, a bit about reshaping dumb items to smart items and how to use modern software platforms in the IoT business. So this talk is for you that is getting started creating intelligence for dumb items, or for the lot of you who bought a whole pile of Arduino and raspberry pi and have yet to build anything useful with it, you know who you are.
- In fact my father once said and I quote "There is nothing you can break that I can't fix" let’s just say he has regretted those words since. But it give me the feeling at the time, rather than asking him I could try for myself, And if you walk away with a feeling anything like that – that you can build a smart device, that you dare to experiment with them – I will be extremely happy
- I do not honest believe that there is a single soul in here that does not know what “Thing” in “The Internet of Things” stands for but let me be very clear and say that Anything and Everything can be a thing Goods, Objects, Machines, Applianses, Buildings, Vehicles, Animals. Plants and everything else we can name – Everything can be a smart thing in the Internet of Things If we connect it. Physical Things is the last piece of the pussle, we have for a long time now had Social Media, Mobile connections, Big data and analysis - things will add to this and become the last piece of the pussle for a globally connected world! I know a lot of people like to call it the internet of everything, or the web of things and I am not going to get into that much detail about it but I’d like to say that I a thing is something that can “interact or return data from the physical world without a human component”
- Since I am also Swedish I am very fond of my IKEA chair, so of course I would like to protect it from any unauthorised sitting! So lets enable this by converting this lovely IKEA chair to become part of the internet of Things To do this it will first need a unique identity, with IPv6 we can actually do this. Secondly I will need to add a “Smart device” to it something that enables me to communicate with my chair wherever I am in the world. Third I will need to give it a way to sense if it is occupied or not a pressure sensor or similar, and a Bluetooth or other identification that enables me to see if the sitter is an authorised chair-sitter All this put togheter can give my chair the ability to alert me anywhere in the world I might be, and it can also allow me to give a suitable respons such as a cattle prod to the rear.
- Over the years people have said that this and that will have it break through year X, I were actually told AT this conference that it’s good that I will be talking about IoT because 2014 is the year of IoT – And let me just get one thing straight the Internet of Things is not coming, it's here and it's been here for years! the concept of smart devices have been around since 1991, Even if it took until 99 until Bill Joy envisioned D2D (Device 2 Device) in his Six Webs framework and Kevin Ashton coined the term "The internet of things“ “Every year is the year of the linux desktop”
- No technology can break through if nobody is talking about it, it will still be there but if nobody mentions it to anyone then it is not going to be noticed. And nothing can be more true than this for IoT, the news coverage of IoT has fivefolded since 2012 with thousands of articles being added everyday, hardware development experts have been re-branded as IoT experts and generally adding to the hype, all of this has built up and are creating something so large, so massive that it has to be noticed, so large that ideas tend to be shown and expressed, so large that products from smart people start to emerge in the flow of revenue
- Visiongain expects global Internet of Things revenues to reach $756.8 billion in 2014 – This is compared to the $19 billion dollar industry that Yahoo (and myself in a blogpost from earlier this year) id say that the truth is probably somewhere in between but big numbers are more fun needless to say
- So – What can we use IoT For. In this image alone we could have two, tree smart devices you might not see it but that alarm clock is working furiously, sending pre-wakeup events to the utilities around the house, checking the traffic, do you have to wake up early? Could you sleep in, how is your pulse and breathing does you need to sleep in? What if I told you that I had a device that registers how my baby is sleeping, and then makes accurate predictions to when he will wake up or when he will sleep less optimal because the room is to hot or to cold? Sciense fiction? Nope Sproutling https://www.sproutling.com it's less than $250 What if I told you that we have voice activated light bulbs (Vocca), smart gas and carbon monoxide detectors (Kepler) Smart Air conditons (Aros) and so much more!
- Perhaps a better way to show why IoT is a good idea is to put the perspective to larger projects than baby monitoring or air conditioning , take San Francisco for example, now San francisco is a huge citry that loves IoT, a quarter of their 28000 parkinglots are linked to magnetic field sensors in the asphalt, and since the parking meters are also connected to the internet of things you can use your phone to pay for parking, but just as easily be informed based on your GPS location were you can find an availiable parking space – but this also makes the city a lot more revenu since they can employ fewer meter maids since they in turn always know when and where a car has been parked to long
- Okay so this was a short introduction to the general image of what is the Internet of Things – lets go back to ”Hacking your doorbell” and find out how you could go about to hack a doorbell into a smart device
- Picture 1 : So to make this presentation I bought this really cheap doorbell, it had everything I needed a wireless 433 Mhz transmitter, a button and it made noice. Like any hacking project I started off by checking out what am I dealing with here. Picture 2: After some initial measuring and tempering with the product I discovered that the µCU that was controlling the button was of a very odd design and not really suitable to interface so I went for the simplest hacking solution if imitating the button Picture 3: One of the most simple ways of faking button press is to replacing it with a transistor, basically a transistor works like a button but rather than pushing something you add current the base Picture 4: Since this was for a demo and I wanted the electronics visible I added a cable that I drew to the Netduino, Picture 5: As some of you will have noticed here I changed the transistor since I got a bit to eager to make it work and well short circuited it and let all the magic smoke go – you will also see that the green cable have been attached to the former button so that we can still detect if someone presses it, and we have added a cable from ground to the transistor so that we will get less signal noise. Picture 6: The transmitter here proved to be rather sensitive so we had to “debug” this design to find the right circuit value, and while things sometimes break you should never be afraid to play around with your designs to find the optimal solution, that is how you learn! Picture 7: Here we have started to cut everything down to size, we have found the correct levels of resistance, we have a white signal cable, a black ground cable and a green input signal cable from the button. Picture 8: Since I was taking this thing with me travelling I added some glue and a cable tie to make sure it all stayed togheter nicely.
- Show code, show that we can make it chime, mute and explain how it works.
- There are many, many hardware platforms and this list will be FAR from complete but will serve as a good starting point for you.
- Arduino is hard to beat, it was very early on the market, has a huge popularity and while some criticise it for being hard to debug and having a poor ide all of these initial problems can be solved by moving from the default Arduino IDE to more advanced IDE’s like Atmel Studio. Arduino comes in all shapes and sizes, from super small to Arduino trinked, and slightly larger Arduino nano to super advanced Arduino YUN, Tre or Udoo with build in Linux systems, wireless network capabilities and more – prices vary from 8 – 100 USD. Needless to say learning to work with Arduino gives you a lot of tools and you will almost always be able to select
- Netduino is my personal favourite, mainly since I am a .NET developer. It is a little pricier than for example Arduino but comes with Visual Studio IDE support, .NET API and lots of other nice stuff, they have some pretty bad ass processors but due to the code interpretor it is comparable to Arduino. The community isn’t that small but compared to the vast resources available to Arduino it will feel much smaller. Centrino cheaper. Gadgeteer
- The raspberry pi came around a few years ago and have very quickly established themselves on the market, with a large community and an excellent product – the raspberry is unlike both the NetDuino and the Arduino a full blown computer, with a 700 Mhz processor running GNU/Linux (I have to say GNU/Linux because I live in fear that I otherwise might have Richard Stallman in the audience one day) You can program for the raspberry with almost any programming languages, such as python, C, C++, C# if you use Mono the only one I know of the top of my head that does not work is Visual Basic and I am not even sure that is a bad thing.. The GPIO is not 100% developed yet though, you only have digital inputs no Analog to Digital converter and so fort but what you do have is support for i2c, serial communication or just plain USB so you can hook up any other microprocessor to it and make that one act as a middle layer for your raspberry.
- Just like the raspberry pi the beaglebone black has a build in Linux system, it is not an equally well supported system though witch is somewhat of a drawback – The BBB excels at I/O it supports: 65 GPIOs, 3 I2C buses, a CAN bus, an SPI bus, 5 serial ports, 8 PWM outputs, and 7 analog inputs The BBB also supports expansion boards, called “capes”. However, Not all capes are compatible with the BeagleBone Black so be sure to check compatibility
- Just like the raspberry pi the beaglebone black has a build in Linux system, it is not an equally well supported system though witch is somewhat of a drawback – The BBB excels at I/O it supports: 65 GPIOs, 3 I2C buses, a CAN bus, an SPI bus, 5 serial ports, 8 PWM outputs, and 7 analog inputs The BBB also supports expansion boards, called “capes”. However, Not all capes are compatible with the BeagleBone Black so be sure to check compatibility
- There are many, many hardware platforms and this list will be FAR from complete but will serve as a good starting point for you.
- MQTT , SSL is possible but adds overhead Build your own salt and cryptografy. Private keys?