Gulp and webpack are development tools that can automate front-end tasks like compiling Sass to CSS, minifying files, and more. Gulp is powerful and supports asynchronous tasks via plugins. Webpack is suited for modular development, packaging code into bundles, and can be used with other tools. The key differences are that webpack bundles modules whereas gulp does not, webpack runs synchronously while gulp supports async tasks, and webpack handles assets like CSS and images in addition to JavaScript.