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He said he has a cold and is 
not able to come today.
かぜでこられないそうだ。 
そうだ– I HEAR THAT
IN THE EVENING IT WILL BE 
BUSY, SO I’M COUNTING ON 
YOU. 
LIT. IT WILL BE EVENING AND, AT THE SAME TIME, IT WILL BE 
BUSY, SO DO ME A FAVOUR.
夕方になると忙しくなるから、た 
のむよ。 
SF PRESENT + と WHENEVER A HAPPENS, B HAPPENS TOO.
FIRST OF ALL, VEGETABLES 
ARE IN THE REFRIGERATOR, 
SO TAKE THEM OUT. 
*SO THAT THEY ARE READY FOR TONIGHT
まず、れいぞうこに野菜が入って 
いるから、出しておいて。 
やさい。はいる。だす 
ておく– DO SOMETHING IN PREPARATION FOR SOMETHING
THEN, IS THE LIGHT 
OUTSIDE ON?
それから、外の天気はついてい 
る? 
そとのてんき
SHOULD I TURN IT ON?
つけましょうか?
IF YOU PRESS THAT 
BUTTON, THE LIGHT WILL BE 
ON. 
CAUSE-EFFECT
そのスイッチをおすとつくよ。 
SF + と WHENEVER A, B ALSO
I HAVE (ACCIDENTALLY) 
DROPPED THE SOY SAUCE.
しょうゆをおとしちゃったんです 
てしまう/でしまう ちゃう/じゃう 
TO FINISH/TO ACCIDENTALLY DO SOMETHING (REGRETTABLY)
NOW YOUR SKIRT IS DIRTY. 
*(REGRETTABLY, ACCIDENTALLY) BECAME DIRTY
スカートがよごれてしまいました。 
てしまう
YOU WERE REALLY HELPFUL 
TODAY (SO THANK YOU).
Xのおかげで、たすかったよ。
YOU PROBABLY HAVE SCHOOL 
TOMORROW. IT IS TOUGH TO 
GO TO SCHOOL WORKING 
PART-TIME, ISN’T IT?
明日学校があるんだろう。アルバ 
イトをしながら学校に行くのはた 
いへんだね。 
んだろう– SF でしょう 
VERB STEM + ながら TWO ACTIONS PERFORMED AT THE 
SAME TIME BY THE SAME PERSON
I’M LATE FOR CLASSES 
SOMETIMES. 
*EVEN THOUGH I DON’T WANT TO BE LATE
時々、遅こくしちゃんですよ。 
ちこく
I SHOULD HAVE STUDIED 
MORE.
もっと勉強すればよかったなあ。 
ーEばよかったです– I WISH I’D DONE/I SHOULD HAVE DONE 
STH
I WILL TIDY UP THE REST.
後はぼくがかたづけるから。 
あと

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