It was Mine

1. Communication
Communication
for Various
for Various
Purposes
Purposes
GEC103 PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION:
UNIT 3

2. Lesson 1: Informative,
Lesson 1: Informative,
Persuasive, and
Persuasive, and
Argumentative Speeches
Argumentative Speeches

3. Defining each Communication Type
Defining each Communication Type
and its Purpose
and its Purpose
1. Informative: Shares facts and explanations
objectively to increase understanding.
Seen in: Textbooks, news, lectures.
Purpose: To educate or increase understanding by
presenting facts objectively.
Persuasive: Aims to influence beliefs or actions using
emotion or logic.
Seen in: Ads, speeches, opinion pieces.
Purpose: To convince the audience to adopt a belief,
attitude, or take action.

4. Defining each Communication Type
Defining each Communication Type
and its Purpose
and its Purpose
Argumentative: Defends a claim using logic,
evidence, and counterarguments.
Seen in: Debates, essays, research papers.
Purpose: To defend a claim using logic and
evidence, while addressing counterpoints.

5. Differences in Tone, Language, and
Differences in Tone, Language, and
Structure
Structure

6. Defining each Communication Type
Defining each Communication Type
and its Purpose
and its Purpose
To know if a message is informative,
persuasive, or argumentative, ask:
What is the goal? Is it to inform,
convince, or argue?
Is the message using facts, emotions, or
logic?
Is there an opposing view mentioned?

7. Examples:
A news article on earthquake safety =
Informative
A commercial for eco-friendly products =
Persuasive
A speech against school uniforms =
Argumentative

8. Technique, Purpose, and Type of
Technique, Purpose, and Type of
Communication
Communication

9. Importance
Importance
Identify the message’s goal – Is it trying to inform,
persuade, or argue?
Think critically – Spot bias, emotional appeals, or
logical flaws.
Respond appropriately – Know how to engage with
the message or form your own opinion.
Improve academic skills – Helps in writing essays,
analyzing texts, and debating.
Recognize influence – Understand how language
shapes beliefs and decisions.

10. Lesson 2:
Lesson 2:
Principles and Types
Principles and Types
of Speeches
of Speeches

11. I. Principles of Effective Speech Delivery
I. Principles of Effective Speech Delivery
Appearance: Look friendly and relatable to
connect with the audience.
Movement: Move with purpose; avoid nervous
gestures.
Posture: Stand tall and relaxed to show
confidence.
Facial Expressions: Match your expressions
to your message; smile warmly.

12. I. Principles of Effective Speech Delivery
I. Principles of Effective Speech Delivery
Eye Contact: Engage listeners and reduce anxiety.
Volume: Speak clearly and adjust volume to the
room size.
Articulation: Pronounce words clearly; avoid
slurring.
Time Management: Stick to time limits through
planning and practice.
Language: Use simple, relatable words; add stories
or quotes sparingly.

13. II. Types of Speech
II. Types of Speech
1) Manuscript Speech - This type involves
reading a speech word-for-word from a
written script, allowing precise control over
wording.
2) Memorized Speech - Here, the entire
speech is committed to memory. While it may
seem structured, the risk of forgetting lines
can make the delivery appear unnatural or
rushed.

14. II. Types of Speech
II. Types of Speech
3)ImpromptuSpeech-Givenwithlittleorno
preparation,impromptuspeechesarecommonindaily
interactions.Theyrequirequickthinkingand
adaptability.
4)ExtemporaneousSpeech-Thisformatbalances
preparationandspontaneity.Usingnotesoranoutline,
speakersmaintainanatural,conversationaltone,
makingitoneofthemosteffectivemethodsforpublic
speaking.

15. III. Non-verbal Codes in Oral
III. Non-verbal Codes in Oral
Communication
Communication
Nonverbal communication enhances trust,
clarity, and engagement when used correctly.
Awareness of body language, facial
expressions, and other nonverbal elements
strengthenspresentationeffectiveness

16. Key Elements of Nonverbal Communication
Key Elements of Nonverbal Communication
EyeContact:Showsinterest;toolittleortoomuch
affectsconnection.
FacialExpressions:Expressemotionsclearlyacross
cultures.
BodyMovement&Posture:Reflectsconfidenceor
discomfort.
Touch:Conveysemotion—e.g.,handshakeorgrip.
Space:Signalscloseness,authority,ordominance.
Voice:Tone,pace,andvolumeshapehowmessages
arereceived.

17. IV. Common Nonverbal Cues and Their
IV. Common Nonverbal Cues and Their
Interpretations
Interpretations
Aggressive:Frowning,glaring,invadingspace,abrupt
moves
Attentive:Leaningin,nodding,focusedeyecontact
Bored:Yawning,lookingaround,checkingtime
Deceptive:Forcedsmile,sweating,fidgeting,distracted
Defensive:Armscrossed,tenseposture,loweredchin
Relaxed:Calmgestures,steadybreathing,smoothtone

18. Lesson 3:
Lesson 3:
Public Speaking
Public Speaking

19. Defining Public Speaking
Defining Public Speaking
Public speaking is the act of delivering a
structured message to inform, persuade, or
entertain.
It is a learned skill that involves clear
communication, audience connection, and
confidentdelivery.
It requires preparation, practice, and mastery
ofbothverbalandnonverbaltechniques.

20. Public Speaking...
Public Speaking...
is a purposeful act, whether to inform,
persuade,orentertainthelisteners/audience.
includes digital formats like webinars and
podcasts, expanding the scope of the
audience.
is a learnable skill, enhanced through
practiceandfeedback.

21. Importance of Public Speaking
Importance of Public Speaking
ThecorefunctionsofPublicSpeakinginclude:
Inform:Shareknowledgeandclarifyideas
Persuade:Shiftbeliefsorpromptaction
Entertain:Captivatethroughhumororstorytelling
Inspire:Motivatetowardgoals
Connect:Buildrapportandunity
Influence:Shapeopinionsandleadchange
AdvanceCareers:Avitalskillacrossprofessions

22. Elements of Public Speaking
Elements of Public Speaking
Effective public speaking is a multifaceted skill that
combines key elements to deliver a powerful and
memorablemessage,whichincludes:
1)Content&Organization
Research&Planning:Ensureaccuracyandrelevance.
Structure:Clearintro,body,andconclusion.
Clarity:Usesimple,directlanguage.
Storytelling:Addrelatablenarratives.
VisualAids:Supportideaswithvisuals.

23. 2)Voice&Articulation
Volume&Pace:Speakclearlyandvaryrhythm.
Enunciation:Pronouncewordsprecisely.
Tone & Pauses: Use emotion and strategic pauses for
emphasis.
3)BodyLanguage&Gestures
Posture & Movement: Stand confidently and move with
purpose.
Eye Contact & Gestures: Engage visually and
physically.
FacialExpressions:Showemotiontoconnect.

24. 4)AudienceEngagement
Know Your Audience: Tailor content to
theirinterests.
Interaction:Encourageparticipation.
Relatability: Share personal or familiar
examples.
Q&A & Feedback: Respond thoughtfully
andlearnfrominput.

25. Managing Public Speaking Anxiety
Managing Public Speaking Anxiety
(Glossophobia)
(Glossophobia)
Calmyouself(MentallyandPhysically)
PrepareandPracticerepeatedly
ThinkPositively
Get support from your friends, mentors, or
teachers
Trytherapy(ifneeded)

26. Structure of a Good Speech
Structure of a Good Speech
Astrongandgoodspeechhasthreemainparts:
1)Introduction
Grab the attention - use a story, question,
funfacts
Givebackgroundorcontext
shareyourmainpurposeoridea

27. 2)Body
Presentyourkeypointsclearlyandinorder
Support each point with examples, facts, or
stories
Use smooth transitions to connect ideas
(transitionaldevices)
3)Conclusion
Summarizeyourmainpoints
Giveacalltoactionorfinalmessage
End with something memorable (quote, strong
statement,orchallenge)

28. Why Public Speaking is
Why Public Speaking is
Important?
Important?
Public speaking is important because it helps you
communicate ideas clearly, build confidence, and
connect with others. It opens doors to career
opportunities, strengthens leadership skills, and
promotes personal growth. Public speaking turns
ideasintoimpact.

29. Lesson 4:
Lesson 4:
Making Inquiries
Making Inquiries
(Letters, Emails, Job
(Letters, Emails, Job
interview)
interview)

30. What is a Job Interview?
What is a Job Interview?
A job interview is a formal meeting to assess a
candidate’s qualifications, communication skills,
andfitwiththecompany.
In an Academic perspective, job interview is a
social interaction governed by norms and
expectations.

31. What is a Job Interview?
What is a Job Interview?
From an Applicant’s perspective, it is an
opportunity to showcase their skills and
experiencestomakeastrongimpression.
In a Societal perspective, it is a reflection of
economic structures and employment trends
and an indicator of professionalism, where
normsandvaluesarehighlyobserved.

32. Common Types of Intervew Questions
Common Types of Intervew Questions

33. Non-Verbal Cues (Body Language)
Non-Verbal Cues (Body Language)
Non-verbal cues like eye contact, posture,
gestures, and tone shape how you're perceived in
anin-personinterviews.
Eyecontactshowsengagement.
Posturereflectsconfidence.
Facialexpressionsconveyopenness.
Gesturesaddemphasis—usethemmoderately.
Toneandpaceaffectclarityandimpression.

34. Non-Verbal Cues (Body Language)
Non-Verbal Cues (Body Language)
Invirtualinterviews,focuson:
Looking at the camera to simulate eye
contact
Goodlightingandacleanbackground
Clearaudioandstableinternet
Confident body language and warm vocal
tone

35. Strategies in Making a Good
Strategies in Making a Good
Impression
Impression
Research about the company to tailor your
responses
Practiceyouranswersforconfidence
Dressingprofessionally
Beingpunctual—arriveearlyorloginahead
Askingthoughtfulquestions
Sendingathank-youemailafterward

36. Method to Structure Responses
Method to Structure Responses
S – Situation: Describe the background or
contextoftheevent.
T – Task: Explain the specific challenge or
responsibilityyoufaced.
A – Action: Share what steps you took to
resolvethesituation.
R – Result: Conclude with the outcome or
whatyouachieved/learned.

37. Writing an Inquiry and its Purpose
Writing an Inquiry and its Purpose
Inquiries are essential tools for requesting
information or action. Clear, well-crafted inquiries
lead to better, faster responses, while vague ones
cancauseconfusionordelays.
Thepurposeofaninquiryistoinquireinformation,
clarification, assistance or action in a clear and
effectivemanner.

38. Writing an Inquiry and its Purpose
Writing an Inquiry and its Purpose
Inquiries are essential tools for requesting
information or action. Clear, well-crafted inquiries
lead to better, faster responses, while vague ones
cancauseconfusionordelays.
Thepurposeofaninquiryistoinquireinformation,
clarification, assistance or action in a clear and
effectivemanner.

39. Types of Inquiries
Types of Inquiries
Business:Productdetails,pricing,orders,taglines
Education:Courses,admissions,assignments
Employment: Job openings, applications, company
info
Research: Data requests, expert contact,
collaboration
CustomerService:Issues,refunds,support
Government:Policies,regulations,services
Personal:Appointments,reservations,generalinfo

40. KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF AN EFFECTIVE
KEY CHARACTERISTICS OF AN EFFECTIVE
INQUIRIES
INQUIRIES
Be Clear - state your purpose plainly.
Be Specific - avoid using vague words.
Be Polite - use a respectful, professional tone.
Be Professional - use formal tone
Be Accurate - share correct, current
information.
Proofread - check for grammar, spelling, and
punctuation errors.

41. PARTS OF A FORMAL INQUIRY LETTER
PARTS OF A FORMAL INQUIRY LETTER
1.Sender’s AddressTop left corner
Includes your full address (no name yet)
2.Date
Written below the sender’s address
Format: August 14, 2025
3.Recipient’s Address
Includes the name, title, organization,
and address of the recipient

42. PARTS OF A FORMAL INQUIRY LETTER
PARTS OF A FORMAL INQUIRY LETTER
4. Salutation
Example: Dear Dr. Santos, or To Whom It
May Concern,
Use appropriate titles (Mr., Ms., Dr., etc.)
5. Subject Line (optional but helpful)
Brief summary of the letter’s purpose
Example: Subject: Inquiry Regarding
Internship Opportunities.

43. PARTS OF A FORMAL INQUIRY LETTER
PARTS OF A FORMAL INQUIRY LETTER
6. Introduction
State who you are and why you’re writing
Mention how you found out about the
recipient or opportunity
7. Body
Clearly outline your inquiry
Ask specific questions or request particular
information
Keep it concise and organized

44. PARTS OF A FORMAL INQUIRY LETTER
PARTS OF A FORMAL INQUIRY LETTER
8. Conclusion
Express appreciation
Mention any follow-up or contact details
Example: I look forward to your response.
Thank you for your time.
9. Closing
Example: Sincerely, or Respectfully,
Leave space for your signature

45. PARTS OF A FORMAL INQUIRY LETTER
PARTS OF A FORMAL INQUIRY LETTER
10. Signature and Printed Name
Sign above your typed name
Include your designation if relevant (e.g.,
Second-Year BAELS Student)

46. PARTS OF A FORMAL INQUIRY LETTER
PARTS OF A FORMAL INQUIRY LETTER

47. STRUCTURE AND TONE OF AN EMAIL INQUIRY
STRUCTURE AND TONE OF AN EMAIL INQUIRY
A. Components of a Formal Email Inquiry:
Subject Line: Brief and clear (e.g., “Inquiry
About Product X”)
Salutation: Formal greeting (e.g., “Dear Ms.
Reyes”)
Body: Organized questions or concerns
Closing: Polite thank-you or closing remark
Signature: Name and contact details

48. STRUCTURE AND TONE OF AN EMAIL INQUIRY
STRUCTURE AND TONE OF AN EMAIL INQUIRY

49. STRUCTURE AND TONE OF AN EMAIL INQUIRY
STRUCTURE AND TONE OF AN EMAIL INQUIRY

50. Lesson 5:
Lesson 5:
THE DEBATE
THE DEBATE

51. WHAT IS DEBATE/DEBATING?
WHAT IS DEBATE/DEBATING?
Debating is a structured argument between
two teams on a specific topic. It goes beyond
public speaking, requiring critical thinking,
research, clear communication, and strategic
rebuttal. It builds skills useful in public speaking,
analysis, and persuasion.

52. STRUCTURE OF A FORMAL DEBATE
STRUCTURE OF A FORMAL DEBATE
A typical formal debate follows a set structure:
Two teams: the Affirmative team, supporting the motion,
and the Negative team, opposing it.
Each team consists of three speakers: First, Second, and Third.
The debate proceeds in a specific order:
a.First Affirmative Speaker
b.First Negative Speaker
c.Second Affirmative Speaker
d.Second Negative Speaker
e.Third Affirmative Speaker
f.Third Negative Speaker

53. STRUCTURE OF A FORMAL DEBATE
STRUCTURE OF A FORMAL DEBATE
Time Limits: Each speaker has a predetermined
speaking time, typically with warnings (bells) to signal
the approach of the time limit. Exceeding the time limit
results in penalties.
Rebuttal: Speakers address and refute the arguments
presented by the opposing team. This is a crucial aspect
of debating, demonstrating your understanding of the
other side's case and the ability to effectively counter
their points.

54. ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES
Chairman: Presides over the debate, ensuring fair
play and adherence to rules.
Timekeeper: Tracks the speaking time of each
debater and signals time warnings.
Adjudicator: Evaluates the debate and determines
the winning team based on criteria such as
argumentation, presentation, and rebuttal.
Team Responsibilities: Teams often have specific
roles, such as one team handling paperwork

55. PRE-DEBATE PREPARATIONS
PRE-DEBATE PREPARATIONS
Understanding the Motion - break down key
termsandpossibleangles.
Research - use credible sources to support
yourpoints.
Buildclear,logicalargumentswithevidence.
Predictandcounteropposingarguments.
Coordinatewithteammatesforaunifiedcase.
Rehearse and review to refine delivery and
timing.

56. DEFINING AND INTERPRETING THE
DEFINING AND INTERPRETING THE
TOPIC
TOPIC
Definition: Clearly define key terms in the
motion to ensure shared understanding
andfocus.
Interpretation: Explain your team's view of
the motion, clarify ambiguities, and
highlightyourfocus.Bereadytodefendit.

57. DEVELOPING AND DELIVERING A
DEVELOPING AND DELIVERING A
SPEECH
SPEECH
Cue Cards: Use keywords and short
phrases—nofullsentences.
Timing:Practicetostaywithintimelimits.
Delivery: Speak clearly, confidently, and
use eye contact, gestures, and vocal
variety.

58. REBUTTAL TECHNIQUES
REBUTTAL TECHNIQUES
Spot Flaws in opponent’s
arguments.
Counter with alternative views and
evidence.
Challenge their evidence’s validity.
Rebut clearly, tying points to your
main case.

59. REBUTTAL TECHNIQUES
REBUTTAL TECHNIQUES
Spot Flaws in opponent’s
arguments.
Counter with alternative views and
evidence.
Challenge their evidence’s validity.
Rebut clearly, tying points to your
main case.