2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
During this webinar, Anand Bagmar demonstrates how AI tools such as ChatGPT can be applied to various stages of the software development life cycle (SDLC) using an eCommerce application case study. Find the on-demand recording and more info at https://applitools.info/b59
Key takeaways:
• Learn how to use ChatGPT to add AI power to your testing and test automation
• Understand the limitations of the technology and where human expertise is crucial
• Gain insight into different AI-based tools
• Adopt AI-based tools to stay relevant and optimize work for developers and testers
* ChatGPT and OpenAI belong to OpenAI, L.L.C.
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
FPGA Implementation of Ethernet Frame Detection
1. i
FPGA IMPLEMENTATION OF ETHERNET FRAME DETECTION
1. ETHERNET FRAME.............................................................................................................................................1
1.1. ETHERNET FRAME STRUCTURE ........................................................................................................................1
1.2. CRC ALGORITHM.............................................................................................................................................1
1.2.1. Serial Implementation.................................................................................................................................1
1.2.2. Parallel Implementation .............................................................................................................................2
2. IMPLEMENTATION OF FRAME DETECTION..............................................................................................3
2.1. PROBLEM DESCRIPTION....................................................................................................................................3
2.2. INTERFACES......................................................................................................................................................3
2.3. INSIDE THE BLACK BOX ...................................................................................................................................4
2.3.1. User-defined Data Types ............................................................................................................................4
2.3.2. Finite-state machines..................................................................................................................................4
2.4. DATA STRUCTURES ..........................................................................................................................................5
2.5. ALGORITHM .....................................................................................................................................................6
3. DESIGN VERIFICATION.....................................................................................................................................7
LITERATURE................................................................................................................................................................13
2. ii
ИМПЛЕМЕНТАЦИЈА ДЕТЕКЦИЈЕ ЕТЕРНЕТ ОКВИРА НА FPGA
1. ЕТЕРНЕТ ОКВИР.................................................................................................................................................1
1.1. СТРУКТУРА ЕТЕРНЕТ ОКВИРА..........................................................................................................................1
1.2. CRC АЛГОРИТАМ.............................................................................................................................................1
1.2.1. Серијска имплементација CRC алгоритма............................................................................................1
1.2.2. Паралелна имплементација CRC алгоритма.........................................................................................2
2. ИМПЛЕМЕНТАЦИЈА ДЕТЕКЦИЈЕ ОКВИРА..............................................................................................3
2.1. ОПИС ПРОБЛЕМА .............................................................................................................................................3
2.2. ИНТЕРФЕЈСИ ....................................................................................................................................................3
2.3. УНУТРАШЊОСТ ЦРНЕ КУТИЈЕ..........................................................................................................................4
2.3.1. Кориснички дефинисани типови података............................................................................................4
2.3.2. Коначни аутомати...................................................................................................................................4
2.4. СТРУКТУРЕ ПОДАТАКА....................................................................................................................................5
2.5. АЛГОРИТАМ.....................................................................................................................................................6
3. ВЕРИФИКАЦИЈА ДИЗАЈНА.............................................................................................................................7
ЛИТЕРАТУРА...............................................................................................................................................................13
3. 1
1. ЕТЕРНЕТ ОКВИР
1.1. Структура етернет оквира
Формат етернет оквира, без преамбуле и SFD поља, је приказан на слици испод.
1.2. CRC алгоритам
1.2.1. Серијска имплементација CRC алгоритма
Као пример, на слици испод је приказана блок–шема серијске имплементације CRC
кодера [5] који је одређен генеришућим полиномом CRC–5: 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥5
+ 𝑥2
+ 1.
4. 2
1.2.2. Паралелна имплементација CRC алгоритма
Паралелни CRC генератор на свом излазу има М–тобитни CRC израчунат у тренутном
такту (са ознаком 𝑀𝑜𝑢𝑡). У првој итерацији су сви бити улаза 𝑀𝑖𝑛 једнаки (или су сви бити
једнаки , ово зависи од конкретног дизајна). Овај генератор је приказан на слици испод.
На слици испод су приказана два начина за коришћење CRC генератора:
• директно израчунавање CRC на основу целе поруке;
• инкрементално израчунавање CRC на основу краћих речи које заједно чине поруку.
(
(
(
...
...
5. 3
2. ИМПЛЕМЕНТАЦИЈА ДЕТЕКЦИЈЕ ОКВИРА
2.1. Опис проблема
Поруке су подељене на речи дужине бита, које на такт пристижу на улаз дизајна.
Низови 512b речи на улазу потенцијално садрже етернет оквире. Ради се о етернет оквирима
који не садрже преамбулу и SFD поље, тј. само садрже MAC адресе, ether type, payload и FCS
поље. Сматра се да су оквири дужине 𝑘 ∙ 128 бита. Такође се сматра да се почетак неког оквира
може наћи на позицији бита , , 6 или 384 унутар једне b речи. Слично, крај неког
оквира може да се нађе на позицији бита 7, , или унутар једне b речи. Пример
могућег изгледа оквира је приказан на слици испод.
У сваком такту су познате очекиване вредности изворишне и одредишне MAC адресе,
које треба да одговарају MAC адресама детектованог оквира. На излазу дизајна се прослеђују
све речи са улаза. Ако тренутна реч на излазу садржи почетак или крај неког оквира, на излазу
јој се придружују вредности за позиције почетка или краја тог оквира. Сматра се да је позната
максимална дужина оквира са вредношћу између 95 ∙ 128 бита и 640 ∙ 128 бита. Ако се током
испитивања кандидата за оквир пробије максимална вредност дужине оквира, све b речи у
саставу тог кандидата се прослеђују на излаз без активних вредности за почетак и крај оквира.
2.2. Интерфејси
Дизајн садржи следеће улазне интерфејсе:
• clk – сигнал такта. Узлазна ивица такта је окидач за извршење наредби кода;
• reset – сигнал синхроног ресета. Зауставља извршење кода и враћа коначни аутомат
у почетно стање;
• data_in – улазни подаци – вектор ширине b
• write_in – бит који јединицом означава да се на улазу data_in налазе нови подаци у
тренутном такту
• fixed_in – вредност очекиване изворишне и одредишне MAC адесе – дужине 2 ∙ 48b
Дизајн садржи следеће излазне интерфејсе:
6. 4
• data_out – излазни подаци – вектор ширине b
• write_in – бит који јединицом означава да су на излазу data_out постављени подаци
у тренутном такту
• start_out – вектор ширине 4b. Један од бита је сетован ако одговара позицији почетка
оквира на излазу data_out ( на биту , на биту , на биту 6,
на биту . Вредност значи да data_out не садржи почетак ниједног оквира.
• end_out – вектор ширине b. Један од бита је сетован ако одговара позицији краја
оквира на излазу data_out ( на биту 7, на биту , на биту ,
на биту . Вредност значи да data_out не садржи крај ниједног оквира.
2.3. Унутрашњост црне кутије
2.3.1. Кориснички дефинисани типови података
У оквиру овог решења, дефинисани типови података обухватају низове, матрице и
енумерисане типове. Они су следећи:
• stanje_1: енумерисани тип који описује стања коначног аутомата у процесу
испитивања оквира (стања nadji_start, nadji_end).
• stanje_2: енумерисани тип који описује стања коначног аутомата у процесу
ишчитавања оквира из бафера (стања citaj, idle).
• fifo_brojac_type: низ целих бројева за смештање вредности дужина (у b речима)
сваког обрађеног оквира. Користи се у процесу ишчитавања оквира из бафера, да би
се знало колико b речи у баферу одговара оквиру који се тренутно прослеђује на
излаз. Број елемената је постављен на 9 , а објашњење је дато у потпоглављу које се
бави структурама података.
• fifo_startend_type: низ 4b вектора (низ променљивих типа std_logic_vector за
смештање позиција почетака, односно крајева баферисаних оквира. Индекси
елемената одговарају онима у низу (малом баферу типа fifo_brojac_type.
2.3.2. Коначни аутомати
,
.
.
,
,
7. 5
2.4. Структуре података
Од структура података се користи један велики FIFO бафер за чување оквира и три мала
бафера за чување позиција почетака, крајева и дужина оквира. Пример коришћења ових
структутра је приказан на слици испод, где свака боја одговара различитом оквиру.
,
(
(
(
8. 6
2.5. Алгоритам
На слици испод је приказано налажење краја оквира помоћу инкременталног алгоритма,
који користи функције типа и . Са горње стране низа оквира је приказано коришћење
функција типа , а са доње стране стране је приказано коришћење функција типа .
( 79 ,
( ;
( ( , ( ,
( 9 ,
( ;
(
( ,
( ,
( 79 ,
( ;
( ;
( ;
( ( ,
( ( 6 ,
( ( ,
,
,
,
9. 7
3. ВЕРИФИКАЦИЈА ДИЗАЈНА
Првих s симулације је активан reset сигнал.
Тест : речи са неоткривеним почетком оквира
Тест : Улаз се игнорише јер је сигнал write_in неактиван
Тест 3: Оквир у једној 512b речи: start_out = 1000, end_out = 0001
10. 8
Тест 4а: Оквир у две b речи: start_out = 1000, end_out = 1000
Тест 4б: Оквир у две b речи: start_out = 0100, end_out = 1000
14. 12
Тест 7а: Крај једног и почетак другог оквира су у истој 512b речи
Тест 7б: Провера да нема пропагације грешке због недетектованог оквира у тесту 7а.
15. 13
ЛИТЕРАТУРА
[1] З. Чича, Програмирање комуникационог хардвера, Академска мисао, 2017.
[2] Д. Драјић, П. Иваниш, Увод у теорију информација и кодовање, Академска мисао, 9.
[3] А. Смиљанић, Основе и примене интернета, Академска мисао, 2015.
[4] W. W. Peterson, D. T. Brown, “Cyclic Codes for Error Detection”, Proc. of the IRE, 1961.
[5] E. Stavinov, “A Practical Parallel CRC Generation Method”, http://outputlogic.com/, 2009.
[6] RFC препоруке и стандарди: RFC 1624, RFC 3385, https://www.rfc-editor.org/rfc/
[7] Online CRC-8 CRC-16 CRC-32 Calculator, https://crccalc.com/
[8] CRC Generation Tool – Easics, https://www.easics.com/crctool/