The document discusses body art from several perspectives, including tattoos, gang culture body art, and tattoo addiction. It examines the symbolic meanings behind gang tattoos, such as representing gang membership, ranking within a gang, or memorializing fallen members. Tattoo addiction is explored from both physiological and social standpoints, such as the adrenaline rush or endorphin release from the tattoo process, or using tattoos as a means of self-expression or to gain attention. The document also considers the discrimination faced by tattooed individuals in workplace settings.
The document discusses motivations and sociological characteristics of body art like tattoos. It will examine addictions to tattoos and their physiological and social motivations. It will also study tribal body art and its cultural meanings, as well as symbolic gang tattoos. The author plans to research these topics through interviews with tattoo artists and analyses of sociological studies and surveys on perceptions of tattoos.
This document summarizes a student's extended project on body art. The project will examine the sociological characteristics and motivations behind tattoos, tribal body art, and gang culture body art. It will look at tattoo addictions and motivations, the symbolic meaning of tribal body art within cultures, and the symbolic messages conveyed through gang tattoos. The document provides background on these topics and includes interviews with experts.
The document discusses several aspects of body art that the author will examine for their project, including motivations for tattoos, meanings of tribal body art, and symbolic messages in gang tattoos. Specifically, the author will look at addictions and motivations behind tattoos, the cultural relevance of tribal body art, and how tattoos are used in gang cultures to memorialize events or represent affiliation. The author provides context on these topics and cites sources on potential physiological and social reasons why some people may become addicted to getting tattoos, such as endorphins released during pain or a desire for attention, expression, or group membership.
The document discusses motivations and addictions related to body art like tattoos. It will examine tattoos, tribal body art, and gang tattoos. For tattoos, it will look at motivations and whether people can become addicted to getting inked. It will study the meanings and cultural relevance of tribal body art. For gang tattoos, it will analyze the symbolic messages conveyed. The document also discusses how tattoos have become more popular and normalized in society but are still discriminated against in workplaces.
The document discusses motivations and addictions related to body art like tattoos. It will examine tattoos, tribal body art, and gang tattoos. For tattoos, it will look at motivations and whether people can become addicted to getting inked. It will also study the symbolic meanings and cultural relevance of tribal and gang tattoos. The document discusses how tattoos can be used for self-expression, attention-seeking, pain relief, and to show membership in organizations or represent one's heritage. Physiological and social factors may contribute to addictions to tattoos.
The document discusses motivations and addictions related to body art like tattoos. It will examine tattoos, tribal body art, and gang tattoos. For tattoos, it will look at motivations and whether people can become addicted to getting inked. It will study the meanings and cultural relevance of tribal body art. For gang tattoos, it will analyze the symbolic messages behind common gang-related tattoos. The document also discusses how tattoos have become more popular and normalized in society but are still discriminated against in some workplaces.
The document discusses motivations and addictions related to body art like tattoos. It will examine tattoos from three perspectives: the motivations behind getting regular tattoos, the cultural significance of tribal tattoos, and the symbolic meanings of gang tattoos. The author also explores physiological and social reasons why some people may be addicted to getting tattoos, such as the adrenaline rush, pain relief, self-expression, and a desire for attention or cultural acceptance.
The document discusses motivations and sociological characteristics of body art like tattoos. It will examine addictions to tattoos and their physiological and social motivations. It will also study tribal body art and its cultural meanings, as well as symbolic gang tattoos. The author plans to research these topics through interviews with tattoo artists and analyses of sociological studies and surveys on perceptions of tattoos.
This document summarizes a student's extended project on body art. The project will examine the sociological characteristics and motivations behind tattoos, tribal body art, and gang culture body art. It will look at tattoo addictions and motivations, the symbolic meaning of tribal body art within cultures, and the symbolic messages conveyed through gang tattoos. The document provides background on these topics and includes interviews with experts.
The document discusses several aspects of body art that the author will examine for their project, including motivations for tattoos, meanings of tribal body art, and symbolic messages in gang tattoos. Specifically, the author will look at addictions and motivations behind tattoos, the cultural relevance of tribal body art, and how tattoos are used in gang cultures to memorialize events or represent affiliation. The author provides context on these topics and cites sources on potential physiological and social reasons why some people may become addicted to getting tattoos, such as endorphins released during pain or a desire for attention, expression, or group membership.
The document discusses motivations and addictions related to body art like tattoos. It will examine tattoos, tribal body art, and gang tattoos. For tattoos, it will look at motivations and whether people can become addicted to getting inked. It will study the meanings and cultural relevance of tribal body art. For gang tattoos, it will analyze the symbolic messages conveyed. The document also discusses how tattoos have become more popular and normalized in society but are still discriminated against in workplaces.
The document discusses motivations and addictions related to body art like tattoos. It will examine tattoos, tribal body art, and gang tattoos. For tattoos, it will look at motivations and whether people can become addicted to getting inked. It will also study the symbolic meanings and cultural relevance of tribal and gang tattoos. The document discusses how tattoos can be used for self-expression, attention-seeking, pain relief, and to show membership in organizations or represent one's heritage. Physiological and social factors may contribute to addictions to tattoos.
The document discusses motivations and addictions related to body art like tattoos. It will examine tattoos, tribal body art, and gang tattoos. For tattoos, it will look at motivations and whether people can become addicted to getting inked. It will study the meanings and cultural relevance of tribal body art. For gang tattoos, it will analyze the symbolic messages behind common gang-related tattoos. The document also discusses how tattoos have become more popular and normalized in society but are still discriminated against in some workplaces.
The document discusses motivations and addictions related to body art like tattoos. It will examine tattoos from three perspectives: the motivations behind getting regular tattoos, the cultural significance of tribal tattoos, and the symbolic meanings of gang tattoos. The author also explores physiological and social reasons why some people may be addicted to getting tattoos, such as the adrenaline rush, pain relief, self-expression, and a desire for attention or cultural acceptance.
The document provides information on various resources related to chick flicks, including:
1) Details on 10 different resources that discuss topics such as the definition of chick flicks, their target audiences, genres, and marketing methods.
2) Each resource includes information such as the author, date, publication details, notes, library references, and web addresses where the information was found.
3) The resources cover various aspects of chick flicks including their history, characteristics, audiences, and how they have been marketed and exhibited in different countries.
The document is a 4 question questionnaire about preferences for promoting an upcoming "chick flick" film, including the best location for press junkets, which movie trailers and TV shows would be appropriate to preview the trailer, and which types of merchandise respondents would purchase related to the new film. Respondents are asked to select their preferences by ticking boxes next to multiple choice answers.
The document describes the process of creating 3 soundtracks to accompany a video. For track 1, various sounds from the Malstrum app including "DJOM Bass" and "Terminator" were used. Track 2 featured recorded sounds imported from a Zoom recorder and edited to sync with the video. Track 3 contained a recorded voiceover imported into CuBase and placed where wanted in the video.
The document discusses different types of market research methods including quantitative, qualitative, secondary, primary, data gathering, BARB, RAJAR, self-generated, audience, and production research. It provides descriptions of each method and explains why each type of research is important for understanding markets and customers.
The document contains notes from research on children's animation and marketing to kids. It summarizes 15 different resources, including websites and books. The notes describe how each resource provided information on topics like how marketers target children, marketing strategies for kids, details about specific animated films like Toy Story, and overviews of children's animation and marketing in general. The resources were assessed for their relevance and usefulness in researching how to market a children's animated show.
Researching methods and techniques childrens animationKerry
The document discusses research and planning for a children's animation, including targeting 5-12 year olds, focusing on genres like good guys winning and life lessons, and marketing through TV ads, toys, and premiering in cinemas in London and other European countries to build word-of-mouth popularity internationally.
A press junket is used to promote a film by inviting newspapers and TV channels to help publicize it. The trailer for the film will be the most important advertising and should be shown before other PG rated films to target younger audiences. Brightly colored posters placed outside cinemas and where children will see them can attract their attention and interest in the film. A virtual campaign is not considered effective for promoting an animated children's film. Merchandising toys and collectibles, especially through partnerships with McDonald's and Disney stores, is seen as the most effective way to promote the film to children who love collecting such items.
Quantitative research involves structured surveys and questionnaires to collect statistics and facts from a large sample of people. It is used to understand market demand and identify customer demographics. Qualitative research analyzes unstructured data like interviews and feedback to understand the reasons behind people's opinions and behaviors. Secondary research uses existing published sources like reports and archives to determine what is already known on a topic. Primary research collects new information directly from subjects through methods like interviews, surveys, and observations.
The document is a research log containing summaries of resources about chick flicks and romantic comedies. It includes over 15 entries with details of the resource such as author, date, notes, library or web references, and screenshots of websites. The resources discussed include definitions of "chick flick", histories of the term, analyses of modern chick flicks and their evolution, and information about popular romantic comedy films.
The document is a research log containing information about various resources related to chick flicks. It includes the name of the resource, author, date of publication, notes taken, library or web references, and screenshots of websites reviewed. There are over 20 resources logged, ranging from Wikipedia articles and online news articles to books and film review websites. The resources cover topics like the definition of chick flicks, popular chick flick movies, and the history and characteristics of the genre.
The document is a log of a student's work on their extended project over several months. It includes:
1) Dates of work sessions, what was achieved each session such as researching topics, writing drafts of essays, and receiving feedback.
2) Reflections on each session, such as needing to learn more about referencing and plagiarism, keeping to deadlines, and ensuring research is detailed.
3) By the end, the student has completed research, multiple drafts of their essay with feedback, referencing, evaluations, and uploaded all work to their blog for submission.
This document outlines the production schedule for an extended project with tasks divided into three sections: Manage Ideas, Use Resources, and Develop and Realise. Key deadlines include completing a written proposal by October 17th, finishing primary research by November 28th, and submitting the final essay by March 13th.
The document summarizes the author's graphic narrative project. They created a 5+ page comic exploring supernatural themes involving a devil child murdering people. Though initially open-ended, the story focuses on the main character trying to stop the child. Key events include the child's parents attempting murder and their failure, along with other killings and a character's death. The tone is dark and gloomy. Captions were included to explain events and dialogue. Feedback helped the author refine their ideas and address religious sensitivities to avoid offense. Overall, planning and feedback helped the author successfully complete the project on time.
For his dissertation project, the author studied the sociological characteristics and motivations behind body art. He researched how tattoos are perceived in different cultures and by different people, looking especially at perceptions of tattoos in the workplace. He also examined the relevance and representation of tribal body art in different cultures. Additionally, he researched the symbolic meanings of tattoos in gang culture, which are often frowned upon. Primary research through interviews was also conducted. A variety of books and websites were used to find secondary research sources.
The student completed an extended project on the sociological characteristics and motivations behind body art. They felt they did an exceptional job researching each chapter and understanding the different meanings and relevance of body art across cultures. However, they struggled with structuring their dissertation and referencing as they wrote. Going forward, they would allocate more time to research, reference as they write, and complete each chapter before moving on. They learned research is the most important part of a dissertation and that it takes significant time and effort.
This document is a project proposal form for a study into perceptions of tattoos. The objectives are to understand different people's perceptions of tattoos, regardless of whether they view them positively or negatively. It also aims to examine why people have certain perceptions and whether they consider tattoos to be art. Additionally, it will look at tribal tattoos and tattoos in gang culture to understand what they represent. The responsibilities will be to stay on schedule and thoroughly research and write the project. It was chosen because of a personal interest in tattoos. Over 20 weeks, activities will include proposal, research through interviews and materials, analysis, writing, and presentation preparation. There are 5 milestones outlined. Resources needed
The document is a project proposal form submitted by a learner named Kerry Bond. The proposal is for a project titled "Tattoo Perceptions" which aims to understand different perceptions of tattoos and why people have certain views of them. Specifically, the learner wants to look at tribal tattoos and tattoos in gang culture to understand what they represent. The proposal outlines a 9 week research period including interviewing people about their tattoo views and examining books, magazines, and websites on the topic. It also includes a timeline with 5 milestones for completing stages of the project.
The student, Kerry Bond, received an A grade (47 points) for their commission unit project. The feedback provided suggestions to improve the contingency plan and include camera rental options. It was also suggested to upload emails as a Word document. Overall the assessor felt the student demonstrated a strong proficiency in developing the client relationship, research, and proposal. Areas to focus on included further exploring legal issues and obtaining feedback from the target audience.
Manga is a style of Japanese comics and graphic novels. It is characterized by large expressive eyes on characters, dynamic paneling that flows like a film, and minimal text allowing the images to tell the story. While Western comics often focus on superheroes and have more realistic art, manga covers a wide range of genres and uses techniques like subtle details and wordless panels to immerse readers in the narrative.
At Digidev, we are working to be the leader in interactive streaming platforms of choice by smart device users worldwide.
Our goal is to become the ultimate distribution service of entertainment content. The Digidev application will offer the next generation television highway for users to discover and engage in a variety of content. While also providing a fresh and
innovative approach towards advertainment with vast revenue opportunities. Designed and developed by Joe Q. Bretz
Modern Radio Frequency Access Control Systems: The Key to Efficiency and SafetyAITIX LLC
Today's fast-paced environment worries companies of all sizes about efficiency and security. Businesses are constantly looking for new and better solutions to solve their problems, whether it's data security or facility access. RFID for access control technologies have revolutionized this.
The document provides information on various resources related to chick flicks, including:
1) Details on 10 different resources that discuss topics such as the definition of chick flicks, their target audiences, genres, and marketing methods.
2) Each resource includes information such as the author, date, publication details, notes, library references, and web addresses where the information was found.
3) The resources cover various aspects of chick flicks including their history, characteristics, audiences, and how they have been marketed and exhibited in different countries.
The document is a 4 question questionnaire about preferences for promoting an upcoming "chick flick" film, including the best location for press junkets, which movie trailers and TV shows would be appropriate to preview the trailer, and which types of merchandise respondents would purchase related to the new film. Respondents are asked to select their preferences by ticking boxes next to multiple choice answers.
The document describes the process of creating 3 soundtracks to accompany a video. For track 1, various sounds from the Malstrum app including "DJOM Bass" and "Terminator" were used. Track 2 featured recorded sounds imported from a Zoom recorder and edited to sync with the video. Track 3 contained a recorded voiceover imported into CuBase and placed where wanted in the video.
The document discusses different types of market research methods including quantitative, qualitative, secondary, primary, data gathering, BARB, RAJAR, self-generated, audience, and production research. It provides descriptions of each method and explains why each type of research is important for understanding markets and customers.
The document contains notes from research on children's animation and marketing to kids. It summarizes 15 different resources, including websites and books. The notes describe how each resource provided information on topics like how marketers target children, marketing strategies for kids, details about specific animated films like Toy Story, and overviews of children's animation and marketing in general. The resources were assessed for their relevance and usefulness in researching how to market a children's animated show.
Researching methods and techniques childrens animationKerry
The document discusses research and planning for a children's animation, including targeting 5-12 year olds, focusing on genres like good guys winning and life lessons, and marketing through TV ads, toys, and premiering in cinemas in London and other European countries to build word-of-mouth popularity internationally.
A press junket is used to promote a film by inviting newspapers and TV channels to help publicize it. The trailer for the film will be the most important advertising and should be shown before other PG rated films to target younger audiences. Brightly colored posters placed outside cinemas and where children will see them can attract their attention and interest in the film. A virtual campaign is not considered effective for promoting an animated children's film. Merchandising toys and collectibles, especially through partnerships with McDonald's and Disney stores, is seen as the most effective way to promote the film to children who love collecting such items.
Quantitative research involves structured surveys and questionnaires to collect statistics and facts from a large sample of people. It is used to understand market demand and identify customer demographics. Qualitative research analyzes unstructured data like interviews and feedback to understand the reasons behind people's opinions and behaviors. Secondary research uses existing published sources like reports and archives to determine what is already known on a topic. Primary research collects new information directly from subjects through methods like interviews, surveys, and observations.
The document is a research log containing summaries of resources about chick flicks and romantic comedies. It includes over 15 entries with details of the resource such as author, date, notes, library or web references, and screenshots of websites. The resources discussed include definitions of "chick flick", histories of the term, analyses of modern chick flicks and their evolution, and information about popular romantic comedy films.
The document is a research log containing information about various resources related to chick flicks. It includes the name of the resource, author, date of publication, notes taken, library or web references, and screenshots of websites reviewed. There are over 20 resources logged, ranging from Wikipedia articles and online news articles to books and film review websites. The resources cover topics like the definition of chick flicks, popular chick flick movies, and the history and characteristics of the genre.
The document is a log of a student's work on their extended project over several months. It includes:
1) Dates of work sessions, what was achieved each session such as researching topics, writing drafts of essays, and receiving feedback.
2) Reflections on each session, such as needing to learn more about referencing and plagiarism, keeping to deadlines, and ensuring research is detailed.
3) By the end, the student has completed research, multiple drafts of their essay with feedback, referencing, evaluations, and uploaded all work to their blog for submission.
This document outlines the production schedule for an extended project with tasks divided into three sections: Manage Ideas, Use Resources, and Develop and Realise. Key deadlines include completing a written proposal by October 17th, finishing primary research by November 28th, and submitting the final essay by March 13th.
The document summarizes the author's graphic narrative project. They created a 5+ page comic exploring supernatural themes involving a devil child murdering people. Though initially open-ended, the story focuses on the main character trying to stop the child. Key events include the child's parents attempting murder and their failure, along with other killings and a character's death. The tone is dark and gloomy. Captions were included to explain events and dialogue. Feedback helped the author refine their ideas and address religious sensitivities to avoid offense. Overall, planning and feedback helped the author successfully complete the project on time.
For his dissertation project, the author studied the sociological characteristics and motivations behind body art. He researched how tattoos are perceived in different cultures and by different people, looking especially at perceptions of tattoos in the workplace. He also examined the relevance and representation of tribal body art in different cultures. Additionally, he researched the symbolic meanings of tattoos in gang culture, which are often frowned upon. Primary research through interviews was also conducted. A variety of books and websites were used to find secondary research sources.
The student completed an extended project on the sociological characteristics and motivations behind body art. They felt they did an exceptional job researching each chapter and understanding the different meanings and relevance of body art across cultures. However, they struggled with structuring their dissertation and referencing as they wrote. Going forward, they would allocate more time to research, reference as they write, and complete each chapter before moving on. They learned research is the most important part of a dissertation and that it takes significant time and effort.
This document is a project proposal form for a study into perceptions of tattoos. The objectives are to understand different people's perceptions of tattoos, regardless of whether they view them positively or negatively. It also aims to examine why people have certain perceptions and whether they consider tattoos to be art. Additionally, it will look at tribal tattoos and tattoos in gang culture to understand what they represent. The responsibilities will be to stay on schedule and thoroughly research and write the project. It was chosen because of a personal interest in tattoos. Over 20 weeks, activities will include proposal, research through interviews and materials, analysis, writing, and presentation preparation. There are 5 milestones outlined. Resources needed
The document is a project proposal form submitted by a learner named Kerry Bond. The proposal is for a project titled "Tattoo Perceptions" which aims to understand different perceptions of tattoos and why people have certain views of them. Specifically, the learner wants to look at tribal tattoos and tattoos in gang culture to understand what they represent. The proposal outlines a 9 week research period including interviewing people about their tattoo views and examining books, magazines, and websites on the topic. It also includes a timeline with 5 milestones for completing stages of the project.
The student, Kerry Bond, received an A grade (47 points) for their commission unit project. The feedback provided suggestions to improve the contingency plan and include camera rental options. It was also suggested to upload emails as a Word document. Overall the assessor felt the student demonstrated a strong proficiency in developing the client relationship, research, and proposal. Areas to focus on included further exploring legal issues and obtaining feedback from the target audience.
Manga is a style of Japanese comics and graphic novels. It is characterized by large expressive eyes on characters, dynamic paneling that flows like a film, and minimal text allowing the images to tell the story. While Western comics often focus on superheroes and have more realistic art, manga covers a wide range of genres and uses techniques like subtle details and wordless panels to immerse readers in the narrative.
At Digidev, we are working to be the leader in interactive streaming platforms of choice by smart device users worldwide.
Our goal is to become the ultimate distribution service of entertainment content. The Digidev application will offer the next generation television highway for users to discover and engage in a variety of content. While also providing a fresh and
innovative approach towards advertainment with vast revenue opportunities. Designed and developed by Joe Q. Bretz
Modern Radio Frequency Access Control Systems: The Key to Efficiency and SafetyAITIX LLC
Today's fast-paced environment worries companies of all sizes about efficiency and security. Businesses are constantly looking for new and better solutions to solve their problems, whether it's data security or facility access. RFID for access control technologies have revolutionized this.
Unveiling Paul Haggis Shaping Cinema Through Diversity. .pdfkenid14983
Paul Haggis is undoubtedly a visionary filmmaker whose work has not only shaped cinema but has also pushed boundaries when it comes to diversity and representation within the industry. From his thought-provoking scripts to his engaging directorial style, Haggis has become a prominent figure in the world of film.
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Get an intimate look at Dinah Mattingly’s life alongside NBA icon Larry Bird. From their humble beginnings to their life today, discover the love and partnership that have defined their relationship.
Experience the thrill of Progressive Puzzle Adventures, like Scavenger Hunt Games and Escape Room Activities combined Solve Treasure Hunt Puzzles online.
The Unbelievable Tale of Dwayne Johnson Kidnapping: A Riveting Sagagreendigital
Introduction
The notion of Dwayne Johnson kidnapping seems straight out of a Hollywood thriller. Dwayne "The Rock" Johnson, known for his larger-than-life persona, immense popularity. and action-packed filmography, is the last person anyone would envision being a victim of kidnapping. Yet, the bizarre and riveting tale of such an incident, filled with twists and turns. has captured the imagination of many. In this article, we delve into the intricate details of this astonishing event. exploring every aspect, from the dramatic rescue operation to the aftermath and the lessons learned.
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The Origins of the Dwayne Johnson Kidnapping Saga
Dwayne Johnson: A Brief Background
Before discussing the specifics of the kidnapping. it is crucial to understand who Dwayne Johnson is and why his kidnapping would be so significant. Born May 2, 1972, Dwayne Douglas Johnson is an American actor, producer, businessman. and former professional wrestler. Known by his ring name, "The Rock," he gained fame in the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) before transitioning to a successful career in Hollywood.
Johnson's filmography includes blockbuster hits such as "The Fast and the Furious" series, "Jumanji," "Moana," and "San Andreas." His charismatic personality, impressive physique. and action-star status have made him a beloved figure worldwide. Thus, the news of his kidnapping would send shockwaves across the globe.
Setting the Scene: The Day of the Kidnapping
The incident of Dwayne Johnson's kidnapping began on an ordinary day. Johnson was filming his latest high-octane action film set to break box office records. The location was a remote yet scenic area. chosen for its rugged terrain and breathtaking vistas. perfect for the film's climactic scenes.
But, beneath the veneer of normalcy, a sinister plot was unfolding. Unbeknownst to Johnson and his team, a group of criminals had planned his abduction. hoping to leverage his celebrity status for a hefty ransom. The stage was set for an event that would soon dominate worldwide headlines and social media feeds.
The Abduction: Unfolding the Dwayne Johnson Kidnapping
The Moment of Capture
On the day of the kidnapping, everything seemed to be proceeding as usual on set. Johnson and his co-stars and crew were engrossed in shooting a particularly demanding scene. As the day wore on, the production team took a short break. providing the kidnappers with the perfect opportunity to strike.
The abduction was executed with military precision. A group of masked men, armed and organized, infiltrated the set. They created chaos, taking advantage of the confusion to isolate Johnson. Johnson was outnumbered and caught off guard despite his formidable strength and fighting skills. The kidnappers overpowered him, bundled him into a waiting vehicle. and sped away, leaving everyone on set in a state of shock and disbelief.
The Immediate Aftermath
The immediate aftermath of the Dwayne Johnson kidnappin
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Leonardo DiCaprio, a name synonymous with Hollywood stardom and acting excellence. has captivated audiences for decades with his talent and charisma. But, the Leonardo DiCaprio haircut is one aspect of his public persona that has garnered attention. From his early days as a teenage heartthrob to his current status as a seasoned actor and environmental activist. DiCaprio's hairstyles have evolved. reflecting both his personal growth and the changing trends in fashion. This article delves into the many phases of the Leonardo DiCaprio haircut. exploring its significance and impact on pop culture.
Young Tom Selleck: A Journey Through His Early Years and Rise to Stardomgreendigital
Introduction
When one thinks of Hollywood legends, Tom Selleck is a name that comes to mind. Known for his charming smile, rugged good looks. and the iconic mustache that has become synonymous with his persona. Tom Selleck has had a prolific career spanning decades. But, the journey of young Tom Selleck, from his early years to becoming a household name. is a story filled with determination, talent, and a touch of luck. This article delves into young Tom Selleck's life, background, early struggles. and pivotal moments that led to his rise in Hollywood.
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Early Life and Background
Family Roots and Childhood
Thomas William Selleck was born in Detroit, Michigan, on January 29, 1945. He was the second of four children in a close-knit family. His father, Robert Dean Selleck, was a real estate investor and executive. while his mother, Martha Selleck, was a homemaker. The Selleck family relocated to Sherman Oaks, California. when Tom was a child, setting the stage for his future in the entertainment industry.
Education and Early Interests
Growing up, young Tom Selleck was an active and athletic child. He attended Grant High School in Van Nuys, California. where he excelled in sports, particularly basketball. His tall and athletic build made him a standout player, and he earned a basketball scholarship to the University of Southern California (U.S.C.). While at U.S.C., Selleck studied business administration. but his interests shifted toward acting.
Discovery of Acting Passion
Tom Selleck's journey into acting was serendipitous. During his time at U.S.C., a drama coach encouraged him to try acting. This nudge led him to join the Hills Playhouse, where he began honing his craft. Transitioning from an aspiring athlete to an actor took time. but young Tom Selleck became drawn to the performance world.
Early Career Struggles
Breaking Into the Industry
The path to stardom was a challenging one for young Tom Selleck. Like many aspiring actors, he faced many rejections and struggled to find steady work. A series of minor roles and guest appearances on television shows marked his early career. In 1965, he debuted on the syndicated show "The Dating Game." which gave him some exposure but did not lead to immediate success.
The Commercial Breakthrough
During the late 1960s and early 1970s, Selleck began appearing in television commercials. His rugged good looks and charismatic presence made him a popular brand choice. He starred in advertisements for Pepsi-Cola, Revlon, and Close-Up toothpaste. These commercials provided financial stability and helped him gain visibility in the industry.
Struggling Actor in Hollywood
Despite his success in commercials. breaking into large acting roles remained a challenge for young Tom Selleck. He auditioned and took on small parts in T.V. shows and movies. Some of his early television appearances included roles in popular series like Lancer, The F.B.I., and Bracken's World. But, it would take a
Barbie Movie Review - The Astras.pdffffftheastras43
Barbie Movie Review has gotten brilliant surveys for its fun and creative story. Coordinated by Greta Gerwig, it stars Margot Robbie as Barbie and Ryan Gosling as Insight. Critics adore its perky humor, dynamic visuals, and intelligent take on the notorious doll's world. It's lauded for being engaging for both kids and grown-ups. The Astras profoundly prescribes observing the Barbie Review for a delightful and colorful cinematic involvement.https://theastras.com/hca-member-gradebooks/hca-gradebook-barbie/
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Due to their ability to produce engaging content more quickly, over-the-top (OTT) app builders have made the process of creating video applications more accessible. The invitation to explore these platforms emphasizes how over-the-top (OTT) applications hold the potential to transform digital entertainment.
_7 OTT App Builders to Support the Development of Your Video Applications_.pdf
Final Essay
1. Introduction
'A study into the sociological characteristics and motivations behind body art'
- to understand the addictions/motivations behind tattoo's
- to exam tribal body art in order to understand its relevance within the tribe
- to understand the symbolic messages of gang culture body art
For my project I will be looking at Body art. There are many different aspects of body art that I will be looking
at thoroughly. Addictions and motivations behind tattoos will be one of the aspects I have decided to examine.
There are a high percentage of regular people who have tattoos, whether they be small or large, therefore it
will be interesting to know what their motivations for these tattoos are and whether they have some type of
addiction that attracts them to “getting inked”.
Tribal Body art is a very deep and expressive part of tribal culture. Therefore I will be looking into the relevance
of certain aspects of the body art that tribal cultures have, whether the art has a specific meaning to the
person that has it or represents a specific attribute in their culture. Tribal cultures are very large and in some
cases the body art that certain cultures have is very sacred to them.
In gang cultures tattoos are used too mainly remember an event in a person’s life. There are many different
kinds of tattoos that are well known to many different gangs and have symbolic messages behind them that
can have great meaning behind or just represent the name of their gang.
- To understand the addictions/motivations behind tattoo's
According to Burleson Consulting (http://burlesonconsulting.com/firm.php accessed 22/09/11); over 42
percent of managers said their opinion of someone would be lowered by that person's visible body art.
There are many different companies and work place that have put a ban on having tattoos. Such as; Starbucks,
subway, Disney world, most corporate offices and many more. However most of these policies can only be
exercised when a tattoo is visible.
2. Tattoos have been around for 5000 and have grown even more popular over the recent years, according to
Tribal markings website. The Harris Poll #15, February 12, 2008 (http://harrispollonline.com/; accessed
8/02/12), gives evidence that 1 in 10 people now have one or more tattoos. There are many different types of
tattoos from tribal and Chinese tattoos to bull dogs and fairies. People will get tattoos for many different
reasons, these reasons can include; a highly important change in someone’s life, death of a loved one or other
reasons that have helped them to become who they are now. Other people will purely get a tattoo because
they think it looks nice and they want to decorate their body with art.
People often rely on physical appearance of another person to create their first impression of them. By judging
a person on their physical appearance such as; what they’re wearing, their hair, if they have body
modifications; can inevitably create false image of that person’s personality and the way they act. Would you
judge someone depending on the type or tattoos that they have?
There is a huge discrimination against tattoos in the work place. A long debate, by many different companies
and work places, which has and probably will always, be carried on about how tattoos aren’t acceptable for a
work place and the person that has them do not look respectable or presentable enough. However when a
celebrity chooses to get a tattoo the only discussion is about whether it looks nice or it’s spelt correctly.
If you were approached by two people.One who wore a suit and looked highly intelligent and one who had
tattoos up his arms and on his neck, which one who you feel inclined to approach or make a business related
conversation with? Would your opinion of a person change purely based on the fact that they have tattoos or
don’t dress smartly on a regular basis?
I asked people their opinions on this and out of a survey of 10 people, 6 of them would talk to either a man in a
suit, or a tattooed man if they were approached randomly. 3 of those 6 would rather talk to the person with
tattoos as they would have more to talk about with them.
According to Farah J. (2006) –“You run a fashionable restaurant with a dress code for employees and
customers that discourage pierced tongues and noses. You are a personnel director at an upscale department
store known for customer service and refuse to hire women with prominent tattoos. You supervise a
supermarket and require those with pierced body parts who handle food to remove the piercings before
reporting to work. According to legal experts in employment law, if you fit any of these categories, you are
setting yourself up for lawsuits from members of a new activist lobby representing the ever-growing
population of those into "body modification”.
Tattoos and body modifications have become one of the most talked about topics in the 21st century,
according to many different surveys and research, this certain trend is being worked into television adverts by
major corporations.
3. I spoke to Corey Newham, a freelance tattoo artist who stateas“From experience he has said that Tattooing
has become a lot more popular over the years for good and bad reasons”. He says there are now a lot of
people in the trade.
There are even children’s books that represent tattoos such as; “Mommy has a tattoo” and “Tattoo Colouring
Book.” An interesting story line is created in “Mommy has a tattoo” where a little body is frightened of a
neighbour who happens to be heavily tattooed. He then realises his mother has a tattoo also and realises not
to be afraid of his neighbour.
Addiction is something that is highly associated with tattoos. Many people claim to be or are actually in fact
addicted to getting tattoos. According to the New Look Houston website (http://www.newlookhouston.com/;
accessed 12/03/12),there are a vast number of different reasons why someone could be addicted to having
tattoos and more or less these reasons may apply to most of the people that have multiple tattoos on their
body or are covered from head to toe. These explanations or reasons for being addicted to tattoos can be
either physiological or social depending on the person.
Physiological
Adrenaline, Endorphins or pain substitution/self-mutilation are all factors of a physiological nature that can
influence a tattoo addiction. As tattoos can be painful the body responds by releasing adrenaline which most
people tend to enjoy the adrenaline rush that they get from a tattoo therefore making it one of the most likely
culprits in causing tattoo addiction. Endorphins are released when pain is caused so the pain can be relieved;
they are also associated with creating a natural “high” like exercise and orgasms. The chemical reaction
between these created an increased drive and even creates the addiction that some people have to getting
tattoos.
Often tattooing is referred to as a pain substitution, much like when someone chooses to cut themselves or
cause themselves pain in order to find a sense of control or an emotional or mental stress relief. Tattooing can
be like a release of these things for some people through the pain of the tattoo needle, therefore resulting in
someone becoming addicted to that feeling of pain which would lead them to constantly get more and more
tattoos.
Furthermore some people choose to have tattoos as a “cry for attention”. Tattoos can and are often compared
with different types of creative expression such as; piercings or brightly coloured hair. However with tattoos
being permanent they are often placed in a different category. A person that has a visible tattoo can often say
that because of that tattoo someone has spoken to them or stared therefore giving that person a feeling that
they are the center of attention which some people often crave. The need for connection or even slight
acknowledgement can create an addiction to tattoos for that person.
4. A massive factor relating to why people have tattoos and are addicted to them is because of self-expression.
Similar to the reason why a person would dye their hair or get a certain piercing to express the person that
they are. However tattooing is a more powerful and sometimes understandable way of expressing yourself.
Having a tattoo that represents something or someone or has a specific meaning behind it which is relevant to
the person can be seen as a way of expressing themselves or helping them overcome an event in their life or a
passing of a loved one through artwork. It is not uncommon for someone to has a tattoo that has a specific
meaning behind it and is one of the major factors as to why it is an addiction.
Corey Newham said that tattooing a person with a tattoo with meaning think is a lot more interesting, he can
ask them about it and usually the outcome is much better because he wants to make sure the tattoo portrays
the meaning perfectly. However tattooing just a design is just as fun and exciting for him.
In addition, tattoos can just be a simple form of artwork. Someone could be highly interested in artwork and
would want to create a piece of artwork on their body so that they can appreciate it for the rest of their lives. .
If painters and sculptors can exhibit signs of addiction to their art, it stands to reason tattoo artists, and tattoo
aficionados could also feel a pull that resembles addiction when it comes to getting tattoos.
Social
In a social sense tattoos are widely known for different aspect of someone’s social life. Such as; Organisational
Obligations. A person may have a tattoo to represent a certain group/organization that they are a part of to
show membership to that specific group. These Tattoos are normally related in gang groups in prison or biker
groups. Because of the situations these kinds of people are in, the want to be in a gang or be accepted is very
high therefore causing an addiction to tattoos, which is triggered by all of this peer pressure.
5. While the tattooed have formed a sub-culture of their own, tattoos have been important parts of many
cultures since ancient times. Many cultures practice the art of tattooing for both spiritual and ritualistic
reasons. These kinds of tattoos can also be used to specify someone into a certain religious, political or social
group. Even in western culture many individuals choose to get tattoos which identify their heritage with flags,
family crests or other iconic imagery. In UK culture often “Football thugs” as they are referred to by most
people will get tattoos such as an England flag, to represent what football team they support. Also many
“football thugs” will have a bull dog tattooed somewhere on their body. The bull dog is a symbol of pride for
Britishpeople; it shows bravery and represents the hardships that British went through during WW2. The flag
of Scotland, called the Saltire, also known as Saint Andrew’s cross, is continuously used as a tattoo by the
Scotts. The Thistle is another popular Scottish tattoo often adopted by many Scottish gold club maker. These
both show a symbol of national pride and toughness. The thistle is also known to be many Scottish teams logo.
This inclination to pay homage to one’s culturally history, heritage or ancestry could feed an already addictive
inclination toward tattoos. The addiction to tattoos through heritage and culture is caused by the pressure in
needing to be accepted in their culture or to show many different forms of emotions to prove themselves to
their culture of just represent their culture due to pride.
- to understand the symbolic messages of gang culture body art
Tattoos are huge part of gang culture. There are many different tattoos that are well known that represent
certain events in a person in a gangs life. Tattoos in gang culture represent a commitment that stays with the
body even after death. Gang members are committed to the gang for life and shared tattoos are a way of
6. unifying members of a gang.
In many prisons around the world white inmates who are normally outnumbered and don’t tend to be in
organised gangs in the prison population find it extremely important to show racial status, to declare their
place in the prison. White inmates will often have tattoos of swastikas or crosses signifying membership to one
of many white supremacist groups in the prison.
An article by Jean Casarez (http://insession.blogs.cnn.com/2009/02/18/defendants-tattoos-reporters-
notebook/ accessed 03/01/12) in 2009talks about a white inmate by the name of Joseph Bearden faced the
death penalty for repeatedly stabbing a man in 2007. Bearden has two dagger tattoos above and underneath
his left eye, a small tear drop under his right eye and on his neck another tattoo that is a copra snake poised
and ready to strike.
Before entering prison Bearden did not have these tattoos, throughout his time in prison he was beaten so
severely that he had to be admitted to hospital because of his injuries. Bearden later got the tattoos that he
now has to help him survive jail life and to be accepted. During jury selection for his trial, potential jurors were
asked individually whether the tattoos that Bearden had would influence their decision on his guilt. Joseph
Bearden was found guilty.
Tattoos in gang cultures mostly are done to unify a member within a gang. However tattoos in gang cultures
are used to distance a person from mass society and from other gangs. By a person from a gang tattooing
themselves it is meant to bring about fear and show a documentation of gang life and it’s culture.
This can be shown in many ways whether it be a tally of the number of crimes that a certain person has
committed, representing a gang, mourning or memory of the loss of a loved one or representing and showing
a life-sentence in prison.
Many different designs and symbols can be recognized by anyone as a gang tattoo. However each different
gang will have different tattoos that represent different meanings; however they can be similar but are
personalized by the gang so that they are highlighted to their certain gang, or a certain individual. Religious
devotion and cultural pride can be symbolized using things such as blood and guns which may come to shock
some people.
Almost every single prison tattoos are done by artist convicts using homemade tattoos guns. These tattoos and
done quickly and secretly to avoid the risk of being caught which would result in a ‘major case’. Prisoners can
and may lose their privileges, be moved to a restricted wing or denied parole if convicted for this. In prison the
handiwork of a tattoo artist is the most respected skill amongst inmates.
Marks obtained in prison have significance on the streets amongst gangs. It is almost impossible to go into a
tattoo parlour without finding designs that emerged from the long, continuously evolving history of the Texas
lock-up. The Texas lock-up are different jails in Texas that tend to be very violent and also officers can shackle
and lock up prisoners.Rasheed, a Muslim serving 20 years in Huntsville’s Wyn unit, was a 15-year-old Houston
Crip gang member when he killed two people in a drug deal. Now 21, he reads The Koran, prays facing Mecca
and fasts during the month of Ramadan. But still displayed prominently on his chest is the barrel of a gun and
the word “kill” tattooed directly above it.
7. Convicts of all races seem to have teardrops tattooed directly below their eyes, giving people the impression
that they are permanently crying. This tattoo takes on different meaning depending on the place and time
when the tattoo was actually acquired. Originally each tear drop that a person had on their face would
represent a murder committed. Throughout the years this has changed and now a teardrop can represent
each of the family or gang members who died while that certain prisoner has been locked up. Due to the
location of the tattoo, it is a commitment showing how prison has almost literally scarred the inmate. In a
world where not caring about consequences is respected, tattoos declare themselves fearless. For that reason
inside the confines of the prison most hardened gang members, rather than hide their markings, display them
fearlessly.
These are two twins; Bless and Kojak. They are 43 years old and both have spent 19 years in prison for
stabbing a man. Bless is a member of the 28s, also more tattooed than his brother. The spider web that can be
seen on his neck symbolises how he will wait patiently for prey. The four stars on his shoulder show his high
rank in the 28s. Both Bless and Kojak have fangs tattooed underneath their lips to show that they will bite, also
devil horns tattooed on their foreheads
This well over 6ft tall man called Omar is covered in small tattoos. Jailed for 15 years because he stabbed a
man who had smashed a rock over his head. He was referred to as ‘King’ in prison, and very high status
member of the 28s gang, The 28s are the blood line of the gang. They are divided into two lines – the gold line
and the silver line. The gold lines are the warriors, the descendants of Nongoloza. They are responsible for
8. fighting the gang's battles. The silver lines are the female, and are the descendants of Magubane. They are
considered to be the sex slaves of the gold line. This is however strongly disputed by silver line members who
consider themselves to be the thinkers of the gang. Omar has a tattoo of a hand on his neck which is the 28’s
salute. Also a scorpion on his arm shows his membership to the Cape Town Scorpions gang.
A common tattoo amongst gangs is the dots. The dots are usually tattooed in small groups of three or five
dots. Generally three dots located between the thumb and forefinger has many meanings, usually it will
represent the three places that most often gang members end up – Hospital, or prison or the grave.
Members of the Sur 12 often have three dots placed on their wrist, as well as a singular dot on the other wrist,
this signifies the number 13.
According to Gangs Or Us (http://www.gangsorus.com/;accessed 15/02/12), Sometimes the three dots are
referred to as the 3 I´s of the gang culture: Injury, Incarceration and Interment. The dots may also stand for
"mi vidaloca" ("my crazy life"). They may also be referred to as "party dots." And finally, they may represent a
gang known as Los Vatos Locos (The Crazy Dudes or Guys) gang. Only the person wearing the dots knows what
they mean to him or her.
Along with the pachuco cross, the number 187, and the slang tattoo "Thug Life", the "three dots", referred to
as "trespuntos" in Spanish, is a popular "generic" tattoo, particularly among Latino teenagers, and has no
positive, direct connection to gang affiliation.
Mexican Gang Culture
According to kwintessential (http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/; accessed 24/01/12) and also Dunn M (2007)
The Gangs of Los Angeles, Mexican gangs are one of the large groups of gangs that have tattoos that are
related to the certain gang that a person may be involved in. Originally the Mexican mafia prison gang banned
the practice of religion as a way to show membership to the group. Mexico is generally a country deeply
fixated with catholic tradition; this has made it impossible to undermine the influence of religion all together,
even when relating to violent criminal gang members. This is why Mexican gang members tend to be found
with tattoos of hand clasped together in prayer, this tattoo generally represents a powerful image of a plea for
forgiveness from God for the wrong the gang member has done.
9. Many Mexican gang tattoos often have significant phrases personal to that particular gang member. These
include phrases like Mi Vida Loca (My Crazy Life” and PerdonameMi Madre (Forgive Me, Mother) which show
how they are aware of their gangster life and how it is unacceptable to their family members and loved ones.
There words or phrases are usually tattooed in Old English style letters. Some Mexican gang members also
tattoo the web of the hands with drawings relating to a special role within the gang. Sometimes these symbols
are burned into the hand. Most Mexican gangs prefer the colours of the Mexican flag as their gang’s colours.
The colours of the Mexican flag are green, white and red. That is the reason why these colours predominate in
the tattoos of Mexican gang members.
Russian Gang Culture
According to Radanko L. (2011) The Russian Mafia in Americaand also Tattoo TV (http://www.tattoo.tv/;
accessed 14/13/12),Russian gang members have tattoos for a much deeper reason than most. Russian mafia
usually uses tattoos as a way to display the truth to one another. By looking at a tattooed person in the
Russian mafia people are able to pretentiously work out the details of that certain person’s criminal career
such as; if they have lied, stolen, betrayed, been in prison or even murdered. Russian mafia tattoos represent
what rank or position they are in their gang and where their loyalties lay, sometimes even their sexual
preference.
Since these tattoos represent the truth, if anyone is caught with fake tattoos or a tattoo that lies about who
they are, severe consequences may be put forward. If certain things are changed about a person in the Russian
mafia such as their loyalties then they are made to burn off their old tattoo and replace them with new ones
that represent their ‘new truths’.
A tattoo of a rose on the chest is normally given to a new gang member to start of their career. Higher rank
members of the gang always employ a tattoo artist for every tattoo that needs doing. Whereas in prisons the
gang member will make their own inks and guns using material available to them, this means that their tattoos
are usually one colour. However tattoos given to the Russian mafia are mostly situated on the torso, therefore
being covered by clothes.
Symbolism and specific meaning of many of the tattoos in the Russian mafia are generally not clear for anyone
outside the gang culture; however a few of them can be explained. A few that can be explained are stars found
of the chest; these signify a ‘career criminal’. Also a cathedral with five domes can symbolize five years in
10. imprisonment.
Members of the gang that disrespect or go against the gang can and most likely will be forcibly tattooed. This
mostly will occur in prison; these tattoos will often consist of derogatory words or indecent images.
Gang tattoos are a study in contradictions; they reflect a culture where life is fleeting but tattoos make the
record of life, and often life-record, immortal.
I also did a survey of 5 people and asked them what they think of Gang culture tattoos. 3 out of 5 had no
knowlodge about gang culture tattoos or thought they were scary.
I also asked ‘If you were approached by a person with a teardrop tattoo, what would your reaction be?’ 3 out
of 5 said they would either be scared or walk the other way.
- to exam tribal body art in order to understand its relevance within the tribe
According toEbin V. (1979) The Body Decorated - Tribal Art, face-painting-fun (http://www.face-painting-
fun.com/; accessed 14/11/12) and also Africa Forever(http://www.foreveryoung.org/africa.html accessed
15/01/12),Tribal body art is highly popular and compulsory in many different types of tribes. Different pieces
of body art have different meanings, whether they be spiritual or status related. It can also be used to express
beauty of the wearer.
African body art is used to express a certain individual’s status amongst their tribe, spiritual beliefs or ethnic
group. There are many different ways of creating body art such as; Scarification, body painting, beadwork,
jewellery and Mutilation.
Each of these methods of creating body art changes the wearer in an object that is shaped and created by
colour, textures, patterns and movement.
During dangerous times or events in a person’s life body art is used as a protective symbol to help them move
on to adulthood through childhood.
Scarification is used to show something about the wearer. Scarification can be anything from cutting to
burning and whipping, which for most people would be considered painful, but for the wearers of these they
are a way of showing a certain attribute they have or a stage in their life that they are progressing to. In the
Nigeian tribe, Ga’anda, pubescent girls are made to be scarred on their shoulders, backs and stomachs with
delicate and individual designs to show the transition into womanhood. For the Sudanese tribe of Shilluk, they
use scarred dots usually across the forehead to give and display details about that certain person’s heritage.
Body painting is probably one of the most common methods used to create body art, also one of the least
painful methods. Body painting s most formally used to represent sexual maturity. The colours of the tribe are
frequently used in body painting to represent it, however can be also used to give a specific message about the
wearer. The Nuba males in Sudan, unlike other tribes who usually only use body painting in times of worship
or mourning, paint and decorate almost their entire body to indicate their stage in life.
11. Beadwork is a highly popular form of body art that Africans are more or less famous for. The uses of colourful
beads are used in many different ways by Africans such as; on their body and in their hair, also these beads are
used on clothing. There are a number of reasons why colourful beads are used and what they represent.
Beadwork will mainly represent certain aspects of the wearer such as; gender, power within the tribe, how
many children the wearer has and more.
Jewellery is used as a way to create beauty. Mainly tribe jewellery is made from leather, hair, grasses, beads,
bones, shells and seeds. When jewellery was made from a more valuable material such as coral the wearer
would see it as more valuable.
Mutilation is the most creative way that tribes people use to express themselves are certain things in their
lives. Mutilation can include earlobe and lip plugs, neck rings. Any other similar method of changing the body’s
appearance by stretching is considered Mutilation. By doing these types of things tribes people are able to
have the result of having a strange physical feature that more than likely becomes a part of them are they may
not be able to change the effects of Mutilation.
Tribal art is used in many different cultures all over the world. In India Body and face painting have been in
Indian cultures since ancient times. When hunting, men would paint their faces and bodies to camouflage
themselves in order to give them more of a chance of killing. Face painting is mainly used when festivities are
before held or a certain drama or performance if being put on. Often during religious events people in India
will have their faces painted.
Henna has been around for many years. Traditionally women in India have henna painted on different parts of
their body, mainly their hands and feet, their skins and inside of their arms. This will occur for a wedding for a
any other special occasion. Henna is often linked with religious symbols.Henna history and origin is hard to
trace as it has been around for so many years now. Some of the earliest tribes and civilizations to use henna
are; Assyrians, Canaanites and Babylonians. A tablet dating back to 2100 BC shows evidence of henna used
specifically for a women or bride’s special occasion. Henna has also been used in southern China. Henna in
China would often be linked with rituals and has been for around three thousand years, during ancient
Goddess Cultures.
In central Australia tribal groups known as Aborigines have passed down specific face painting designs
throughout centuries. Aboriginies would use a mix of ground ochre and water to apply stripes and or circles to
the face. Face painting for aboriginal people has become a new language, as they use cryptic symbols for
different things. Spirtual signicificance is shown through body painting, personal adornment and decortaion.
Body painting for aborigines, like in some other cultures, is a way of showing social status and sometimes
relationship to their family. Also body painting can reflect ancetors. An Aboriginie can be completely changed
so they ‘become’ the spirit ancestor they are portaying in dance.
In Native American culture colour has specific meaning when it comes to body and face painting. Red is known
as the colour of war, Black is the colour of ‘living’. Black is usually worn during war preparations to give the
12. people hope. White represents peace and green is usually worn under the eyelids at night, thus giving the
wearer night vision. Yellow, unlike in many other places in the world is considered to be the colour of death
and should only really be worn when a certain person in in mourning. However yellow can also represent that
a man has lived a good life and will keep on fighting until the end.
Usualy in tribal cultures, ones that still follow the custom of face painting, the colour will be chosen due to the
materials available to them. Colours such as red, blue, yellow and white were the only colours used in anicent
times due to lack of materials. Tribal culturees get their inspiration for bold designs from nature, imagination
and tradtional masks that have already been made. Cultures think that painting is a way to captures a certain
emotion and or expression and gives it more meaning for a longer period of time, unlike any other form of art.
Painting is simply a mixture of lines, colours, tones, texture a space to create an interesting pattern on
someone. Sometimes by sprinkling dust or soft bird feathers, special effects were achieved. Nowadays most
tribesmen choose to use branded face paints.
Face painting is probably one of the most important types of body art in the Native American culture. Unlike
some other cultures, to Native Americans it is so much more than trying to make someone more beautiful.
However like most other cultures face painting is used on special occasions to signify social status in the group
and boost their appearance. Indian tribes tend to have their own unique way of face painting that they have
explored and perfected throughout many years. Native American Indians generally use natural materials such
are berries, tree barks and roots to create their dyes for face painting. Another material that is also used in
Native Indian face painting is clay of different hues.
Colours are applies to the nose, the rest of the face is covered with paint. Warriors in tribes would usually
paint their faces with colour clay, and then the design of their tribe would be painted onto their face. Each
specific tribe has their own designs for ceremonies and war that are included in the design on the person face.
Plain Indians would paint everything that could be painted on such as’ clothing, their homes and even their
horses. Pictures and symbols that they drew had specific and deep meaning and often told stories, however
their culture lack a specific written language, unlike most tribes. Red was the most popular used by this tribe,
they used plants, clays and duck dung to create the colours that they wanted. The natives before these
generally used a range of different colours to create their paintings. A yellow paint was made from earth from
the Yellowstone River, as well as from bull berries and pine tree moss. Blue was obtained from duck droppings
13. found on the shores of lakes, or from blue-coloured mud. White earth and clay were used to make white paint.
Green was made from plants, copper ore or mud. The pigments were placed over a fire to dry, then ground
into a fine powder on mortars of stone or wood. They were then mixed with tallow. The colours, kept separate
in small buckskin bags, were mixed with hot water when the artist was ready for them.
Indian artists normally used willow branches that were straight, so they could be used as a ruler to draw
straight lines, to create their paintings. Short, flat sticks could be used as well. Brushes that were used to paint
could be made from a range of things such as, buffalo bone, chewed cottonwood and willow sticks. For every
different colour there was and different brush had to be used.
In many different tribes a big part of body art would be considered ear lobe stretching. By stretching the ear
lobes of a person it is meant to signify beauty for either the male or female. Ear lobe stretching often starts at
an early age, the ear lobes are pierced and brass weights are used as earrings to stretch the earlobe to the
required size.
By elongating ear lobes in different cultures is can also represent status for a person, the long the ear lobe the
higher up in the tribe that certain person is considered. Due to the fact that it takes time to elongate an ear
lobe, the older a person is the longer their ear lobes will be, therefore elongated earlobes can also represent
age as well as status.
However in tribal cultures this art form is slowly dying but most jungle tribes will still attempt to do this with
many of the people in the tribes. The reason that this certain type of art form is dying is because of injuries
caused due to the size of someone’s ears, often they will get caught on something and ripped unintentionally.
However earlobe stretching and elongating has become a popular trend in modern culture but not for the
reasons it was popular in certain tribes and cultures.