This document discusses anti-suit measures granted by arbitrators and their enforceability issues in light of international conventions. It notes that anti-suit measures can be issued as interim measures to uphold arbitration agreements or obstruct enforcement of awards. While arbitrators have powers to issue such measures, their recognition and enforcement faces challenges due to the uncertain relationship between conventions like the New York Convention and the Brussels I Regulation. National courts may also issue anti-suit injunctions, but their ability to do so in the EU is limited by the Brussels I Regulation.