Federalist 11-13: Commerce Federalist 11: I. Commercial Activity is the cause of greatness. a. Americans have an unequalled spirit of enterprise suited to commercial life II. Union is necessary for commerce a. make foreign markets bid for access to America b. navy necessary for strength and trade c. navy necessary for defense against Europe d. interstate commerce impossible without a federal government Federalist 12: I. Raising revenues a. indirect taxes (consumption taxes) b. tax collection i. must guard the Atlantic to stop contraband and underground market Federalist 13: I. Cost of Administration a. no duplication of administrative offices Federalists 9 & 10 Federalist 9: I. Response to the accusation that democracies are inherently unstable and therefore monarchy is a better form of government a. the case of the republics of Greece and Italy i. move between tyranny and anarchy ii. at times brilliant and glorious but also filled with gloom iii. great talents and endowments overwhelmed by the vices of government. b. the influence of size on government i. states are already too big to be democratic republics ii. Montesquieu argues that a confederate republic combines the benefits of a republic with the benefits of monarchy-namely freedom from tyranny and freedom from foreign domination. Federalist 10: I. The problem of faction a. factions can be majorities or minorities which sacrifice the good of the country for the interest of the faction. II. Possible Solution s to Faction a. eliminate freedom b. give all citizens the same beliefs and interests so that they are unified c. allow freedom but control the effects of faction which are a part of freedom III. Examination of ...