Technology has always been redefining the way we use platforms to work and play. Historically, Web 1.0 was an information superhighway of connected computers, where you can search and browse through various centralized company’s platforms. Then at the turn of the millennium, Web 2.0 brought about cloud-based platforms that drove the monetization of user data, mainly through the proliferation of social networks and e-commerce. Today the advent of Web 3.0 has further lowered the barrier in creating and launching platforms, giving rise to a whole new generation of decentralized platforms. While today’s metaverse is a myriad of interconnected virtual spaces, which is just the World Wide Web accessed through virtual reality, the rapid development in blockchain technology is fast converging us towards the metaverse platform that sci-fi authors like Neal Stephenson and Ernest Cline originally envisioned. As we enter into a new era of democratized and immersive platforms, what are the fantastic opportunities we can take advantage of? How can crypto help us unlock the secrets of the metaverse?

1. Fantastic Platforms
The Secrets of the Crypto-Metaverse
Vincent Lau
Adjunct Lecturer / CEO, Massive Infinity
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2. Fantastic Platforms:
The Secrets of the Crypto-Metaverse
• Journey from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0
• What is Crypto and its relation to the Metaverse?
• Platform Business Model and Types of Platforms
• Architecting Web 3.0 Platforms
• Future of Platforms
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3. Journey from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0
A brief history of the World Wide Web
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4. Journey from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0
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Web 3.0 is a term coined by Tim
Berners-Lee who invented the World
Wide Web. The UK computer
scientist described about 5 years ago
a Semantic Web, which would build
upon the current Web.

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000
IP
TCP/SSL/HTTP1.1
TCP/TLS1.2/HTTP2
UDP/QUIC/HTTP3
Stack Evolution from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0

6. 6
Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0
Mostly Read-Only Wildly Read-Write Portable and Personal
Company Focus Community Focus Individual Focus
Home Pages Blogs / Wikis Live-streams / Waves
Owning Content Sharing Content Consolidating Content
WebForms Web Applications Smart Applications
Directories Tagging User Behaviour
Page Views Cost Per Click User Engagement
Banner Advertising Interactive Advertising Behavioural Advertising
Britannica Online Wikipedia The Semantic Web
HTML/Portals XML / RSS RDF / RDFS / OWL
Evolution from Web 1.0 to Web 3.0
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7. 7
● Verifiable
● Trustless
● Self-governing
● Permissionless
● Distributed and robust
● Stateful
● Native built-in payments
Web 2.0 vs Web 3.0:
Applications
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8. 8
Web 2.0 Web 3.0
Organisation Conventional Pte Ltd Company DAO
Funding Mechanism Equity and Stocks Tokens
Stakeholders Founders and Investors Anyone
Decision-making Share Voting Rights Vote with Governance Tokens
Transparency Private Public and Open
ROI Dividends, Sale of Stocks, IPO Sale of Tokens, Airdrops
Agreements Contracts Drafted by Lawyers Smart Contracts
Incentives Bonus, ESOP Staking rewards, NFTs
Legal Recognition Law of the Country of Registration No intermediary or jurisdiction
Web 2.0 vs Web 3.0:
Organisation & Business Model
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Web 2.0 Web 3.0
File Storage Usually cloud-based and distributed via CDN Decentralised (e.g. IPFS, Arweave)
Data Storage Centralised databases Distributed ledger
Data Ownership Owner of the platform or product Yourself
Control of Data Owner of the platform or product Yourself
Data Lifespan
Can be wiped out by the owner or taken by the
Government
Immutable and forever on the blockchain
Big Data Supported Not supported yet
Metadata Optional Native
Data Privacy End-to-end encryption Monero, Mask
Data Indexing Database Engines Chainlink, The Graph
Web 2.0 vs Web 3.0: Data & Privacy
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10. 10
Web 2.0 Web 3.0
Account Account registration or social login Decentralised Wallet
Transferable Usually not, unless it is social login Just use the same wallet
Identifier
Username that is unique only to the platform you
signed up on
Global Wallet Address, W3C standard for
decentralized identifiers (DIDs)
Personal Info Usually required Not required unless you want to provide it
Profile Pic Non-unique Image NFT with image stored in IPFS
Authentication OAuth, Email + Password, MFA, OTP Wallet Signing, DID Auth
Deletion
You need to delete your accounts from multiple
platforms
You can only abandon your wallet
Social Networks Facebook, Twitter BitClout, Sapien Network, SteemIt, Ong Social
Web 2.0 vs Web 3.0: Identity & Security
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11. 11
Web 2.0 Web 3.0
Payments
Requires integration with payment gateway(s) and
methods to support multiple markets
Native payment layer that is completely borderless
and frictionless
Fees
FOREX, Bank charges, Credit card charges,
payment gateway transaction fees
Token gas fees
KYC
Customer identity needed for payments to be
accepted
Possible to be totally anonymous
Earnings Goes to service provider Goes to participants
Revenue Model Monetization of User Base Tokenomics
Revenue Generation Sale of Services and Data, Subscriptions, Ads Sale of Tokens, NFTs and Services
Web 2.0 vs Web 3.0:
Monetization
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12. What is Crypto and its relation to the
Metaverse?
Why you can't have the Metaverse without a blockchain
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13. What is Crypto?
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• Cryptocurrency is often shortened as just Crypto
• Made possible by Blockchain technology
• Blockchain is a type of Distributed Ledger Distributed
Ledger
Blockchain
Cryptocurrency
Bitcoin
open closed

14. How does Blockchain work?
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Parameters of a Consensus Mechanism
• Decentralized governance
• Quorum structure
• Authentication
• Integrity
• Nonrepudiation
• Privacy
• Fault tolerance
• Performance
Trust by Consensus
Who do we trust?

15. 15
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16. 16
Scaling Blockchain by Layers
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17. 17
Crypto: Coin vs Token
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18. 18
Crypto: Fungibility
Reference: https://media.consensys.net/i-made-over-600-in-3-hours-with-non-fungible-tokens-on-the-blockchain-cryptoartwork-4954bc52b354
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19. 19
Crypto: Usage in Smart Contracts
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20. 20
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What do you know
about the Metaverse?

21. 21
Who coined the Metaverse?
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Term Coined Coiner
Cyberspace William Gibson (1982)
The Matrix Neuromancer (1984)
Metaverse Snow Crash (1992)
Magicverse Magic Leap
Mirrorworld Wired
Cyberverse Huawei
Omniverse Nvidia
Planet-scale AR Niantic
AR Cloud Multiple sources
Spatial Computing Academic sources

22. AI
XR
IOT
5G
NFT
(Blockchain)
Cryptocurrencies
(Blockchain)
22
What is the Metaverse made of?
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Real Estate in the Metaverse
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Architecture firm is making up to
$300,000 per project to design
real estate in the metaverse
Unbeholden to the tangible world,
an influx of digital landowners in the
metaverse are dreaming up creative
projects to spice up their property,
and a new wave of virtual
architecture firms are popping up to
realize those visions… for a fee.

24. Isoroom OnCyber Gallery
24
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Real Estate in the Metaverse

25. 25
Making a Phygital Metaverse
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Propy - Collectible Real Estate
1
2
3
5
4
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26. Platform Business Model and Types of
Platforms
It is increasingly easier to be Platform-first
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27. 29
Platform Business Model
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Economic &
Non-economic
incentives
Control points Network Effects
Ecosystem
• Data Capture
• Product
Recommendation
• Vouchers / Cashback
• Convenience

28. 30
Types of Platform
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1. Technology Platforms
2. Computing Platforms
3. Utility Platforms
4. Interaction Networks
5. Marketplaces/eCommerce Platforms

29. 31
Types of Platform
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6. Crowdsourced Backing Platforms
7. Content Crowdsourcing Platforms
8. On-demand Service Platforms

30. 32
Types of Platform
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9. Data Harvesting Platforms
10. Content Distribution Platforms
11. FinTech Platforms
12. Decentralized Platforms

31. Architecting Web 3.0 Platforms
How are Decentralized Platforms different?
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32. 35
Decentralized Web 3.0 Platforms
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DEX & Yield Optimzers Gaming Video Streaming
Supply Chain NFT Art Marketplace File Storage
Virtual Real Estate Physical Real Estate

33. 36
DEX and Yield Optimizer Platforms
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34. 37
Gaming: Play-to-Earn Platforms
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Axie Infinity Tokenomics
Reference: https://axieinfinity.com/

35. 38
Video Streaming Platforms
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Reference: https://www.thetatoken.org/

36. 39
Supply Chain Platform
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Reference: https://www.vechain.com/

37. 40
NFT Art Marketplace Platforms
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NFT Art Minting on Rarible
Reference: https://rarible.com/

38. 41
NFT Art Marketplace Platforms
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Listing NFT Art on OpenSea
Reference: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2105.07447.pdf
NFT Owner/Creator

39. 42
File Storage Platforms
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Enlightened Rats by Chain Debrief Reference: https://www.pinata.cloud/

40. 43
Virtual Real Estate Platforms
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Reference: https://www.sandbox.game/en/
Reference: https://8bit-world.com/

41. 44
Physical Real Estate Platforms
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Reference: https://propy.com/browse/

42. Future of Platforms
Why the Metaverse is a Platform of Platforms
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43. 46
Platforms Today
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44. 47
Platforms Tomorrow
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DAO
dapps)
“Decentralized Autonomous
Organisation” is represented by
rules encoded as a transparent
computer program, controlled by
the organization members, and
not influenced by a central
government. As the rules are
embedded into the code, no
managers are needed, thus
removing any bureaucracy or
hierarchy hurdles.

45. The Metaverse is a
Platform of Platforms
• Greater impact on society and how humans
interact with each other.
• Potentially will alter the physical world with
wearables that will introduce users to an
alternate virtual world far different from the
traditional space of their homes.
• Communicate without undergoing long
travels from one country to another, or
dressing up for different occasions and
meetings.
• Children will now efficiently study at home in
their own space and expand their
knowledge beyond the traditional syllabi.
48

46. • Post-work routines like going out to the
movies and hanging out with friends now
have an alternative in the virtual world
without the hassle of the processes in the
physical world.
• Artists will be able to perform and get paid
in cryptocurrency.
• Potential to seamlessly convert from fiat
currencies to digital currencies will speed-up
the switch from the physical world to the
Metaverse.
• Consumers can purchase virtual land and
avatars and even throw parties for their
loved ones in the digital space.
49
The Metaverse is a
Platform of Platforms

47. Give Us Your Feedback
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Day 1 Programme

48. Thank You!
vincent@massiveinfinity.com
https://www.linkedin.com/in/vincentktlau/
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