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A paksi atomerőmű
működése
A reaktor felépítése: A reaktor vázlatos felépítése:
• Az atomreaktorban szabályozott láncreakciót valósítunk
meg.
• A láncreakció során keletkező gyors (nagy
energiájú) neutronok lelassításához szükséges a
moderátor.
• A moderátor nagynyomású víz formájában van jelen.
• A felszabaduló energia legnagyobb részét a hasadvány
magok viszik el mozgási energia formájában.
• Ez az energia hő formájában jelentkezik.
• Ezt a hőt használják fel a primerköri víz felfűtésére.
• Az elvezetett primerköri víz a gőzfejlesztőben adja át az
energiát.
A primerköri ciklus:
Maghasadás
következtében
keletkező hő
Primerköri víz
felmelegítése
Gőzfejlesztőben
a hő átadása
Primerköri
szivattyú
Bevezetés a
reaktorba
Az szekunderköri ciklus:
Gőzfejlesztő
Gőzelvezetés
turbinába
Turbina
meghajtása
Gőz
kondenzálása
Tápszivattyú
Összefoglalás:
A primer körben a vizet nagyon nagy nyomáson tartják, emiatt az
még a magas üzemi hőmérsékleten sem forr fel. A primer köri víz az
ún. gőzfejlesztő kis átmérőjű csöveiben átadja hőjét a szekunder kör
vizének, azaz lehűl, majd alacsonyabb hőmérsékleten jut vissza a
reaktorba. A szekunder körben levő víz nyomása sokkal
alacsonyabb, mint a primer körben lévőé, emiatt a gőzfejlesztőben a
felmelegedett víz felforr. Innen a gőz a nagynyomású, majd a
kisnyomású turbinára. A turbina meghajtja a villamos generátort és
így szolgáltatja a villamos energiát.
Köszönöm a figyelmet!

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