1. European Law for AS:1. The Institutions G152 SoL Miss Hart 2010-11
2. StarterHow many can you answer?If you need help... The answers are in the wordsearch. 1. How many members of the EU are there? 2. How long is it between elections in Europe? 3. Which statute brought us into Europe? 4. Name all five treaties 5. What has the EU stopped in Europe in the last 60 years?
3. Institution One:Council of Ministers “effective centre of power” 27 members Pass EU Laws Co-ordinate economic policies Negotiate international agreements Develop a common foreign & security policy Presidency (which influences the focus of the EU) rotates between the members. The current president is Hungary
4. How do they vote? This depends on the topic. The Treaties say which type should be used for which topic. N.B. Lisbon moves more stuff to QMV! Type One: Unanimous These is used for really important issues e.g. New members Individual veto can be very important here. Why? Type Two: Simple Majority Where there is no other voting method linked in the Treaties Very, very rare! Especially post-Lisbon Type Three: Qualified Majority Voting Minimum of 255 votes 73.9% (at least 62%) Votes based on population. e.g.
5. Institution Two:European Commission They are meant to be the counterbalance to the Council “independent beyond doubt” and “guardians of the treaties” Enforce compliance with EU law. Negotiate international agreements & new members High Representative for Foreign Affairs Propose new laws
6. These are the only people who are directly elected by the citizens of the EU Institution Three:European Parliament Introduction Student Quiz: Which country has the most seats? How many seats does UK have? Which other countries have the same number of seats as the UK? Which country has the least seats? Germany 72 France & Italy Malta They form alliances on partynot countrylines.
7. Which institution is being described? European Commission European Parliament Council of Ministers
8. Powers of the European Parliament Legislative Relationship between the Parliament & the Council Supervision & confirmation of the other institutions Budget Consultation Co-operation or Assent Co-decision Political initiative International agreements
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10. ECJ in the news recently... What can we discover about the ECJ and its working from this article?
11. Institution Four:European Court of Justice It gets its powers from Art. 220 27 judges Written submissions 8 Advocates-General Purposive Approach Addressed to the parties One verdict, no reasons Full court of 13 (5 or 3)
12. Powers of the ECJ “To ensure that in the interpretation and the application of the Treaty, the law is observed” Judicial Supervisory Article 234 references if they believe that a decision on that question is necessary to enable the home court to make a judgement From any court, to clarify EU law (the case is then sent back to the home court for the law to be applied) Torfaen BC v B&Q Marshall v Southampton AHA Cases brought by: Re: Tachographs MS EU institutions Commission
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14. the decision of the question referred should be conclusive of the case,
28. Exam Question: b) In the following situations, consider whether there is a need to make an Article 234 referral to the ECJ. Jacques, a French worker, has been denied entry to the UK. The House of Lords is considering his case. The case concerns free movement of workers under the EC Treaty. Pam is paid less than male employees for doing the same work. She has brought an equal treatment claim against her employer. An Employment Appeals Tribunal is deciding the case. A reference to the ECJ in Macarthys Ltd v Smith (1980) concerned a similar issue. Carla has brought a claim in an Employment Tribunal against her employer because they refuse to give her holiday entitlement as required under EC law.
29. Quote Make-up Quote Make-up Powers? European Commission Powers European Parliament EU Institutions Council of Ministers Make-up Make-up European Court of Justice Powers Quote Quote Powers
30. Finally.... The following three areas are often described as the main problems in EU law making... Why? Democracy Transparency Efficency
