An industrial dispute is a conflict between management and workers over terms of employment, such as pay and working conditions, that can result in industrial actions like strikes or lock-outs. Strikes are work stoppages initiated by employees, and can be primary if by workers directly involved, or secondary if supporting another dispute. Lock-outs are initiated by employers and involve barring employees from work. Both strikes and lock-outs are tactics used by opposing parties to pressure each other during a dispute.