3 Storytelling Tips - From Acclaimed Writer Burt HelmEthos3
Visit the Ethos3 blog (http://buff.ly/1B8ehRa) to get the full scoop on these tips. By reading the Ethos3 blog post, you will learn how to tell stories that will captivate even the most challenging audiences.
If you need help creating professional presentations, email us at: info@ethos3.com
Ethos3 is a presentation design agency with premier PowerPoint and presentation designers. We can create the perfect presentation for you: www.ethos3.com
At Officevibe, we end our daily standup meetings with an inspirational quote to start the day on a positive note.
Whoever’s turn it is to speak holds a basketball, and the last one to speak has to come up with a quote of the day.
Everyone puts their finger on the ball, and when the quote is said, the ball gets thrown up in the air and we all say “think about it”, as a reminder to really let the hidden meaning of the quote sink in.
read the full article on Officevibe blog:
https://www.officevibe.com/blog/20-inspirational-leadership-quotes
Learn more about the simplest tool for a greater workplace:
https://www.officevibe.com/
15 Quotes To Nurture Your Creative Soul!DesignMantic
Every now and then, we all crave inspiration to get started. but often times, inspiration is hardest is to find when it is needed the most. but powerful words almost always do the trick. They have power that is undeniable. So for all the creative souls out there, here we share some remarkable sayings from legends to feed your mind and strengthen your design game ...
Remember, sharing is caring! :)
When you are creating a visuals and want them to look as snazzy as possible, there is a lot you can do to make your images shine with the brightness and glory of a thousand suns. You can add beautiful background textures, have perfectly complimentary fonts, or play with the orientation of your text in different ways. Even so, if you are not careful your text can look boring. Another way to make your presentation slides look spiffy (and certainly not boring) is to change up the way you display your text. Here are ten clever and easy to implement design tips for mixing up your text display and maximizing your design potential.
Tired of losing sales pitches? Look no further, get some timeless advice from high-stakes presentation consultant: Cliff Atkinson on how to throw out your old sales pitch and make your next one count.
Download here: http://www.paywithapost.de/pay?id=80eb8437-7393-4e61-b8a6-175d76d9eb5b
“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Many of us are familiar with this saying and it is certainly a good thing to do! However, it’s not the only thing that you need to do to maintain a healthy life and lifestyle! The ABC’s of Living a Healthy Lifestyle is a fun way to help you focus on obtaining a good health.
3 Storytelling Tips - From Acclaimed Writer Burt HelmEthos3
Visit the Ethos3 blog (http://buff.ly/1B8ehRa) to get the full scoop on these tips. By reading the Ethos3 blog post, you will learn how to tell stories that will captivate even the most challenging audiences.
If you need help creating professional presentations, email us at: info@ethos3.com
Ethos3 is a presentation design agency with premier PowerPoint and presentation designers. We can create the perfect presentation for you: www.ethos3.com
At Officevibe, we end our daily standup meetings with an inspirational quote to start the day on a positive note.
Whoever’s turn it is to speak holds a basketball, and the last one to speak has to come up with a quote of the day.
Everyone puts their finger on the ball, and when the quote is said, the ball gets thrown up in the air and we all say “think about it”, as a reminder to really let the hidden meaning of the quote sink in.
read the full article on Officevibe blog:
https://www.officevibe.com/blog/20-inspirational-leadership-quotes
Learn more about the simplest tool for a greater workplace:
https://www.officevibe.com/
15 Quotes To Nurture Your Creative Soul!DesignMantic
Every now and then, we all crave inspiration to get started. but often times, inspiration is hardest is to find when it is needed the most. but powerful words almost always do the trick. They have power that is undeniable. So for all the creative souls out there, here we share some remarkable sayings from legends to feed your mind and strengthen your design game ...
Remember, sharing is caring! :)
When you are creating a visuals and want them to look as snazzy as possible, there is a lot you can do to make your images shine with the brightness and glory of a thousand suns. You can add beautiful background textures, have perfectly complimentary fonts, or play with the orientation of your text in different ways. Even so, if you are not careful your text can look boring. Another way to make your presentation slides look spiffy (and certainly not boring) is to change up the way you display your text. Here are ten clever and easy to implement design tips for mixing up your text display and maximizing your design potential.
Tired of losing sales pitches? Look no further, get some timeless advice from high-stakes presentation consultant: Cliff Atkinson on how to throw out your old sales pitch and make your next one count.
Download here: http://www.paywithapost.de/pay?id=80eb8437-7393-4e61-b8a6-175d76d9eb5b
“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” Many of us are familiar with this saying and it is certainly a good thing to do! However, it’s not the only thing that you need to do to maintain a healthy life and lifestyle! The ABC’s of Living a Healthy Lifestyle is a fun way to help you focus on obtaining a good health.
The roadmap to a resource efficient europeRicardo- AEA
Dr. Adam Read – Director Waste Management & Resource Efficiency, AEA
Presentation at:
Scrap Ex – Secondary Commodities Markets Conference
13th November 2012
Delivering high diversion municipal recycling in the UK – lessons from a 25 y...Ricardo- AEA
Dr. Adam Read – Director Waste Management & Resource Efficiency, AEA
Presentation at Zero Waste Summit 2012, 22nd October 2012
Hilton on the Park, Melbourne
Waste strategy and regulation - 'a UK persepective'Ricardo- AEA
Dr. Adam Read – Director Waste Management & Resource Efficiency, AEA
Presentation to the Waste, Recycling Industry Association (QLD) inc
26th October 2012, Brisbane
Opportunities for biomass heating solutions (The Carbon Show 2012)Ricardo- AEA
AEA’s Oliver Edberg discusses opportunities for biomass heating solutions: presentation slides from the Carbon Show (October 23, 2012) in London.
With the inclusion of biomass sustainability standards in the Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) scheme, there are questions around how this might affect the associated costs and efficiency of installed biomass boilers.
Oliver shares AEA’s insight into the RHI. His presentation will cover the latest developments in the biomass industry and provide an overview of the advantages of integrating boilers into a business energy strategy.
The Carbon Show is an annual event for sustainability professionals from industry, government, energy and finance who are working to increase energy efficiency and meet UK and European emissions targets. Oliver’s presentation will feature in the event’s green technology seminar programme.
Oliver has been involved in the renewable energy sector for a number of years working on biomass and renewable heating technologies. During this time he has supported a range of AEA projects including the company’s work on the RHI for DECC, and for Ofgem on the auditing of RHI installations.
In addition, Oliver has undertaken technical assessments and monitored a range of biomass heating projects (50-15000kWth) on the UK and South West Bio-energy Capital Grants programmes. He has also been involved in the development of the Bio-Energy Assessment Tool and undertaken several studies for the Environment Agency on biomass lifecycle emissions.
WASTE INFRASTRUCTURE COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT – A UK TOOLKITRicardo- AEA
The document describes a toolkit developed in the UK to help local authorities effectively engage communities about waste infrastructure projects. It provides:
- Guidance on when and how to consult stakeholders, including materials to explain waste technologies.
- Templates for press releases, presentations and other materials.
- A training program to educate local officials on effective consultation.
Over 50 officials from Wales attended the training, and many authorities have since used the toolkit to engage communities about new waste facilities, which is critical to plans to develop over 25 new facilities by 2020.
The document discusses various options for financing renewable energy projects, including through balance sheet and off balance sheet structures. It explains key concepts like non-recourse and recourse debt, as well as equity financing and mezzanine loans. The risks associated with different financing options are outlined, noting that own development carries the most risk but also the greatest rewards and control, while third party structures transfer most risks but also benefits.
Choosing a food waste collection schemeRicardo- AEA
Insight into the technical issues that local authorities should address when considering separate food waste collections. Presented by AEA's Brian Mayne at RWM with CIWM, September 2012.
Welsh EfW policy - technology assessment of high thermal efficiency solutionsRicardo- AEA
Welsh EfW policy - technology assessment of high thermal efficiency solutions.
Presented by Kathryn Warren, Senior Consultant, Waste Management & Resource Efficiency.
Presented at the Air & Waste Management Association’s 105th Annual Conference & Exhibition, San Antonio, June 19-22, 2012.
Mechanical biological treatment - solution or hype?Ricardo- AEA
Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) is a combination of mechanical separation and biological treatment processes like composting or anaerobic digestion. MBT facilities in the UK produce a variety of outputs like recyclables, compost, solid recovered fuel, and digestate. However, the changing composition of waste and uncertainty around markets for MBT outputs like compost pose challenges. Flexible MBT designs are more expensive but can help address these composition risks.
Effective public procurement saves money & protects the environment : lesson...Ricardo- AEA
Effective public procurement saves money & protects the environment - lessons from the UK.
Presented by Adam Read, Waste Management & Resource Efficiency Practice Director.
Presented at the Air & Waste Management Association’s 105th Annual Conference & Exhibition, San Antonio, June 19-22, 2012.
Future goggles changes and challenges in waste and resourcesRicardo- AEA
Adam Read, AEA's Waste and Resource Efficiency Practice Director, presents his views on the changes & challenges in UK waste & resource management at the CIWM SW Centre 30 year celebration event (20th April 2012, Exeter).
Market opportunities for waste derived fuels and process heatRicardo- AEA
AEA's Kathryn Warren presents at an event hosted by Envirolink at the National Motorcycle Museum, Solihull.
This year’s Landfill Tax rise to £64 per tonne plus disposal charge means that sending waste to landfill is becoming an uneconomical option. In a climate where customers are looking to get the best deal possible on their waste disposal costs, recycling and waste companies are under pressure to find alternatives to landfill. Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) or Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) offers a potential to utilise the combustible fraction of waste as a fuel within the energy, combined heat and power (CHP) and cement industries.
This event provided an introduction to SRF markets in the UK and Europe; testing standards and protocols; best practice refinement equipment; the perspectives of endusers and case study examples.
Kathryn's presentation looked at the "Market opportunities for waste derived fuels and process heat"
AEA Solar PV market update at Ecobuild 2012Ricardo- AEA
The document provides an overview of the two-year history of the UK's Feed-in Tariff program. It outlines the development of solar PV incentives over time, from early domestic field trials in 2002 to the surge in installations after the Feed-in Tariff was introduced. Charts and data show installation totals, average system prices, and regional market differences over the first two years of the Feed-in Tariff. The conclusion suggests that while the future quantity of installations remains uncertain, the timing of policy changes is clearer.
The roadmap to a resource efficient europeRicardo- AEA
Dr. Adam Read – Director Waste Management & Resource Efficiency, AEA
Presentation at:
Scrap Ex – Secondary Commodities Markets Conference
13th November 2012
Delivering high diversion municipal recycling in the UK – lessons from a 25 y...Ricardo- AEA
Dr. Adam Read – Director Waste Management & Resource Efficiency, AEA
Presentation at Zero Waste Summit 2012, 22nd October 2012
Hilton on the Park, Melbourne
Waste strategy and regulation - 'a UK persepective'Ricardo- AEA
Dr. Adam Read – Director Waste Management & Resource Efficiency, AEA
Presentation to the Waste, Recycling Industry Association (QLD) inc
26th October 2012, Brisbane
Opportunities for biomass heating solutions (The Carbon Show 2012)Ricardo- AEA
AEA’s Oliver Edberg discusses opportunities for biomass heating solutions: presentation slides from the Carbon Show (October 23, 2012) in London.
With the inclusion of biomass sustainability standards in the Renewable Heat Incentive (RHI) scheme, there are questions around how this might affect the associated costs and efficiency of installed biomass boilers.
Oliver shares AEA’s insight into the RHI. His presentation will cover the latest developments in the biomass industry and provide an overview of the advantages of integrating boilers into a business energy strategy.
The Carbon Show is an annual event for sustainability professionals from industry, government, energy and finance who are working to increase energy efficiency and meet UK and European emissions targets. Oliver’s presentation will feature in the event’s green technology seminar programme.
Oliver has been involved in the renewable energy sector for a number of years working on biomass and renewable heating technologies. During this time he has supported a range of AEA projects including the company’s work on the RHI for DECC, and for Ofgem on the auditing of RHI installations.
In addition, Oliver has undertaken technical assessments and monitored a range of biomass heating projects (50-15000kWth) on the UK and South West Bio-energy Capital Grants programmes. He has also been involved in the development of the Bio-Energy Assessment Tool and undertaken several studies for the Environment Agency on biomass lifecycle emissions.
WASTE INFRASTRUCTURE COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT – A UK TOOLKITRicardo- AEA
The document describes a toolkit developed in the UK to help local authorities effectively engage communities about waste infrastructure projects. It provides:
- Guidance on when and how to consult stakeholders, including materials to explain waste technologies.
- Templates for press releases, presentations and other materials.
- A training program to educate local officials on effective consultation.
Over 50 officials from Wales attended the training, and many authorities have since used the toolkit to engage communities about new waste facilities, which is critical to plans to develop over 25 new facilities by 2020.
The document discusses various options for financing renewable energy projects, including through balance sheet and off balance sheet structures. It explains key concepts like non-recourse and recourse debt, as well as equity financing and mezzanine loans. The risks associated with different financing options are outlined, noting that own development carries the most risk but also the greatest rewards and control, while third party structures transfer most risks but also benefits.
Choosing a food waste collection schemeRicardo- AEA
Insight into the technical issues that local authorities should address when considering separate food waste collections. Presented by AEA's Brian Mayne at RWM with CIWM, September 2012.
Welsh EfW policy - technology assessment of high thermal efficiency solutionsRicardo- AEA
Welsh EfW policy - technology assessment of high thermal efficiency solutions.
Presented by Kathryn Warren, Senior Consultant, Waste Management & Resource Efficiency.
Presented at the Air & Waste Management Association’s 105th Annual Conference & Exhibition, San Antonio, June 19-22, 2012.
Mechanical biological treatment - solution or hype?Ricardo- AEA
Mechanical biological treatment (MBT) is a combination of mechanical separation and biological treatment processes like composting or anaerobic digestion. MBT facilities in the UK produce a variety of outputs like recyclables, compost, solid recovered fuel, and digestate. However, the changing composition of waste and uncertainty around markets for MBT outputs like compost pose challenges. Flexible MBT designs are more expensive but can help address these composition risks.
Effective public procurement saves money & protects the environment : lesson...Ricardo- AEA
Effective public procurement saves money & protects the environment - lessons from the UK.
Presented by Adam Read, Waste Management & Resource Efficiency Practice Director.
Presented at the Air & Waste Management Association’s 105th Annual Conference & Exhibition, San Antonio, June 19-22, 2012.
Future goggles changes and challenges in waste and resourcesRicardo- AEA
Adam Read, AEA's Waste and Resource Efficiency Practice Director, presents his views on the changes & challenges in UK waste & resource management at the CIWM SW Centre 30 year celebration event (20th April 2012, Exeter).
Market opportunities for waste derived fuels and process heatRicardo- AEA
AEA's Kathryn Warren presents at an event hosted by Envirolink at the National Motorcycle Museum, Solihull.
This year’s Landfill Tax rise to £64 per tonne plus disposal charge means that sending waste to landfill is becoming an uneconomical option. In a climate where customers are looking to get the best deal possible on their waste disposal costs, recycling and waste companies are under pressure to find alternatives to landfill. Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) or Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) offers a potential to utilise the combustible fraction of waste as a fuel within the energy, combined heat and power (CHP) and cement industries.
This event provided an introduction to SRF markets in the UK and Europe; testing standards and protocols; best practice refinement equipment; the perspectives of endusers and case study examples.
Kathryn's presentation looked at the "Market opportunities for waste derived fuels and process heat"
AEA Solar PV market update at Ecobuild 2012Ricardo- AEA
The document provides an overview of the two-year history of the UK's Feed-in Tariff program. It outlines the development of solar PV incentives over time, from early domestic field trials in 2002 to the surge in installations after the Feed-in Tariff was introduced. Charts and data show installation totals, average system prices, and regional market differences over the first two years of the Feed-in Tariff. The conclusion suggests that while the future quantity of installations remains uncertain, the timing of policy changes is clearer.
Environmental risks, opportunities and regulatory challenges
1. Environmental risks, opportunities and
regulatory challenges in the US and
Europe:
European perspective
Mark Broomfield, AEA Technology, UK
2.
3. Overview of presentation
Setting the scene
Environmental and health risks of unconventional gas
extraction
• Literature review; stakeholder consultation
• Preliminary risk assessment
Review of control options
• Environmental risk management
• Carbon footprint: fugitive methane control
European regulatory landscape
• Existing acquis
• Gap analysis
• Options assessment
Next steps
• European Commission research
• Supply chain analysis
4. Setting the scene
Stage 1: Stage 2: Stage 3:
Site Well design, Technical
identification drilling, casing & hydraulic
& preparation cementing fracturing
Stage 4: Stage 5: Stage 6:
Well completion, Well production Well
management of (refracturing may abandon-
wastewater be carried out) ment
5. Setting the scene
Energy resources
• 25% of Europe’s energy needs supplied by natural gas in 2008
• Substantial shale gas resources
High volume hydraulic fracturing
• New activity in Europe
• Defined as >1,000 m3 fluid per stage
HVHF in Europe
• Introduced in Europe in the early 1980s.
• Multi-stage hydraulic fracturing in tight gas reservoirs in horizontal
wells in the Soehlingen field in Germany, and in the South Arne field
in Denmark
• Hydraulic fracturing has been carried out elsewhere in Germany, the
Netherlands and the United Kingdom
• These fracturing operations did not use sufficient fluid to be classified as
HVHF.
• Exploratory drilling for shale gas with hydraulic fracturing in
Germany, Poland and the UK commenced in 2010.
6. Setting the scene
European Commission Context
• February 2011: European Council concluded that Europe should assess its
potential for sustainable extraction and use of conventional and
unconventional fossil fuels.
• 2011 report commissioned by the European Parliament drew attention to the
potential health and environmental risks associated with shale gas.
• Half of EU Member States are interested in developing shale gas resources
• However, several MS have prohibited, or are considering prohibiting, the use
of hydraulic fracturing.
• Several EU Member States are considering the appropriateness of national
legislation, and may introduce national requirements for hydraulic fracturing.
• Commission saw a growing need for a coherent approach to unconventional
fossil fuels and in particular shale gas developments in an area where
economics, finances, environment and in particular public trust are essential.
• The Commission is investigating the impact of unconventional gas, primarily
shale gas, on EU energy markets
• DG ENV commissioned an initial assessment of the environmental and
health risks and impacts associated with the use of hydraulic fracturing.
• Concurrent research into carbon footprint commissioned by DG CLIMA
7. Environmental and health risks
Literature review
• Focus on peer-reviewed research where
available
• Fast-moving area of engineering and science
• Over 200 documents referenced, but many
common data sources
• Some key documents:
• Draft New York State DEC SGEIS (2011)
• Lechtenböhmer et al for European Parliament
(2011)
• Broderick et al (Tyndall Centre) (2011)
• US EPA Drinking water study plan (2011)
• Academic studies of specific issues (e.g. Davies et
al. 2012; Considine et al. 2012)
• API guidelines HF1, HF2, HF3
• Papers published by Society of Petroleum
Engineers
• IEA Golden Rules; Empfehlungen des Neutralen
Expertenkreis
8. Environmental and health risks
Stakeholder consultation
• Engaged with a range of specialists from Europe and North
America
• Regulators
• Geological surveys
• Academic specialists
• Useful feedback in specific areas
• Peer review of final report
9. Environmental and health risks
Project phase
Environmental Site Well design Well Overall rating
aspect identification drilling, Well abandonment
Fracturing Production across all
and casing, completion and post- phases
preparation cementing abandonment
Individual site
Groundwater Moderate-
Not applicable Low High Moderate-High Not classifiable High
contamination High
Surface water Moderate-
Low Moderate High Low Not applicable High
contamination High
Water Not Not
Not applicable Moderate Moderate Not applicable Moderate
resources applicable applicable
Release to air Low Moderate Moderate Moderate Moderate Low Moderate
Not Not Not
Land take Moderate Moderate Not classifiable Moderate
applicable applicable applicable
Risk to Not classifiable Low Low Low Moderate Not classifiable Moderate
biodiversity
Not Moderate –
Noise impacts Low Moderate Moderate Low Not applicable
classifiable High
Not
Visual impact Low Low Low applicable Low Low-moderate Low - Moderate
Not
Seismicity Not applicable Low Low Not applicable Not applicable Low
applicable
Traffic Low Low Moderate Low Low Not applicable Moderate
10. Environmental and health risks
Project phase
Environmental Site Well design Well Overall rating
aspect identification drilling, Well abandonment
Fracturing Production across all
and casing, completion and post- phases
preparation cementing abandonment
Cumulative
Groundwater Moderate-
Not applicable Low High High Not classifiable High
contamination High
Surface water Moderate- Not
Moderate Moderate High Moderate High
contamination High applicable
Water Not Not Not
Not applicable High High High
resources applicable applicable applicable
Release to air Low High High High High Low High
Not Not Not
Land take Very high High Not classifiable High
applicable applicable applicable
Risk to Not classifiable Low Moderate Moderate High Not classifiable High
biodiversity
Not Not
Noise impacts Low High Moderate Low High
classifiable applicable
Not
Visual impact Moderate Moderate Moderate applicable Low Low-moderate Moderate
Not Not
Seismicity Not applicable Low Low Not applicable Low
applicable applicable
Not
Traffic High High High Moderate Low High
applicable
11. Environmental and health risks
Preliminary environmental and health risk assessment
• Structured risk assessment
• Defined quantitative/qualitative criteria
• Limited by available data
• Focused attention on key risks
• Cumulative impacts, requiring consideration at initial stages of
exploration
• Very high: Land take
• High: Groundwater contamination, accidents/spillages, water
resources, air pollution, noise, traffic
• Enables priority areas for future research to be identified
• High/very high impact areas
• Biodiversity impacts
• Long-term post-abandonment phase
12. Control options
Reviewed regulatory and technical control measures
• Appropriate siting of developments, to reduce above and below-
ground risks
• Measures and approaches to reduce land disturbance and land-
take
• Measures to address releases to air and to reduce noise during
drilling, fracturing and completion
• Measures to address water resource depletion
• Measures to reduce the negative effects caused by traffic
• Measures to improve well integrity and to reduce the risk of
ground and surface water contamination
• Measures to reduce the pressure on biodiversity
13. Control options
Aspect Description of measure
Creation of a national database of public sources of information
Database Develop database of baseline water quality and quantity, and geologic information across a
shale gas formation, prior to the commencement of HVHF
Peer review Funding to enable peer review of regulatory activity
Identifying zones which are off-limits to hydraulic fracturing if required for environmental
protection
Zoning (general)
Prevent HVHF in reforestation areas, wildlife management areas and high quality aquifers
Prevent HVHF in areas specified for protection of groundwater
Minimum distance to private water well: 150 m
Minimum distance to public water well or reservoir: 300 m
Minimum distance from well to surface watercourse: 90 m
Minimum distance from disturbance to surface watercourse: 90 m
Minimum distance to watersheds used for drinking water supply: 1,200 m
Buffer zones Minimum distance to residential areas: 1,600 m (where possible)
Distance within which detailed investigation of noise mitigation is needed: 305 m
Require site-specific separation from abandoned wells and other potential pathways for fluid
migration
Require additional containment to prevent surface water impacts for sites within 800 m of
surface water supply locations
Notification to local communities when drilling is planned
Notification
Notification to water suppliers in the event of spills or leaks
Mitigation credit Voluntary ecological initiatives within critical habitats that would generate mitigation credits
system which can be used to offset future development
Environmental
Encourage or require accreditation for shale gas installation operators to secure ongoing
management
environmental improvements
systems
14. Control options
Aspect Description of measure
Database Creation of a national database of public sources of information
Surface and
water quality Surveys of water quality and levels to be carried out before, during and after HVHF operations
monitoring
Air quality
Surveys of air quality to be carried out before and during HVHF operations
monitoring
Pit liners Require pit liners to be installed
Secondary
Require secondary containment for storage of specified hazardous fluids
containment
Spill control
Require spill control plans to be produced and maintained
plans
Minimum spacing of well pads of one per 2.6 square km, with all the horizontal wells in the unit
Well spacing drilled from a common well pad
Specify minimum well spacing
Minimise habitat
Implement mitigation measures to minimise ecological impacts.
fragmentation
Minimise impacts
on sensitive Develop and implement a specific mitigation plan and monitor in sensitive wildlife areas
habitats
Invasive species
Develop and implement an invasive species mitigation plan
plan
Locate sites away from occupied structures and places of assembly
Implement management measures to minimise noise
Noise mitigation
Implement barrier methods to minimise noise
Carry out noisy operations during the day
15. Control options
Aspect Description of measure
Seismicity
Monitoring of seismic activity with intervention in the event of events occurring
monitoring
Visual impact Standard measures to minimise visual impacts with regard to site location, lighting and
mitigation paintwork
Road use agreement/transportation plan covering vehicle routeing and timing
Use existing roads where possible
Locate access roads away from residential areas
Centralise gathering facilities to reduce truck traffic
Minimise impacts of new road construction via design and use of appropriate standards; build in
Minimise impacts mitigation at design stage
of traffic Limit truck weights
Vehicles to conform with highest emissions standards
Unnecessary idling to be prevented
Carry out effective maintenance
Repair road damage, or make payments to allow damage to be repaired
Use temporary pipeline for water transportation
Site selection Comprehensive assessment to identify optimum site
Management Staff selection, training and supervision in environmental protection
Maintain land used for gas extraction to a suitable standard to enable restoration so far as
possible
Land restoration
Stockpile surface soils for use in restoration
Loose soil should be covered with geotextiles or other materials
Pace of Limiting the pace of development could reduce some acute effects associated with shale gas
development development
16. Control options
Aspect Description of measure
Use cut areas for surface impoundment construction to avoid unnecessary increases in facility
Site layout
footprint
Avoid the use of surface impoundments and reserve pits where possible
Avoid the use of surface impoundments and reserve pits in flood zones or other sensitive areas
Silt fences, sediment traps or basins, hay bales, mulch, earth bunds, filter strips or grassed
Minimise risks
swales can be used to slow runoff and trap sediment from leaving the site.
from liquid
Where possible, activities should be staged to reduce soil exposure and coincide with a season
storage and
of low rainfall
handling
Contingency planning and training to address spillage risks
Visual inspection of primary containment before hydraulic fracturing is carried out
Use conductance monitors for rapid detection and assessment of spillages
Minimise risks
from temporary Pipelines should not be located on steep hillsides or within watercourses
pipelines
Surface casing to extend to at least 30 m below aquifers
Surface casing to extend to at least 15 m below aquifers
Extent of surface Surface casing to extend below aquifers
casing Surface casing to extend to at least 30 m below ground level
Surface casings should be cemented before reaching a depth of 75 metres below underground
sources of drinking water.
Extent of
Production casing should be cemented up to at least 150 metres above the formation where
production
hydraulic fracturing will be carried out
casing
17. Control options
Aspect Description of measure
Pressure tests of the casing and state-of-the-art cement bond logs should be carried out
Regulation and inspection regime needed to confirm effective repair of defective cementing
Measure compressive strength with benchmarks between 2.1 and 8.3 MPa, based on setting
times between 4 and 72 hours
Well integrity Include well integrity measures in permit specified under Mining Waste Directive
Complete cementing and isolation of underground sources of drinking water must be carried out
prior to further drilling
Casing centralizers should be used to centre the casing in the hole
Testing of well integrity should take place at construction, and throughout the lifetime of the well
Fracturing at depths of less than 600 m requires a specific permit
Fracturing not permitted with a separation of less than 46 m between fracture zone and aquifer
Minimum depth
Fracturing at depths of less than 600 m or with less than 300 m separation between fracture
for hydraulic
zone and aquifer requires a specific analysis and review
fracturing
Fracturing with a separation of less than 600 m between horizontal section of well and aquifer
should not be permitted
Multi-stage
Maintain hydraulic isolation between porous zones
fracturing
Operators should disclose publicly the chemical constituents of hydraulic fracturing fluid,
including product name and purpose/type; proposed composition of fracturing fluid by weight;
Disclosure
and proposed volume of each additive
Operators should disclose publicly the results of well integrity tests
Emissions from diesel engines to conform with highest applicable standards
Use natural gas powered engines and compressors where feasible
Drilling engines
Use electrically driven engines and compressors where feasible
Use selective catalytic reduction to reduce emissions from drilling rig engines
18. Control options
Aspect Description of measure
Drillers should select fluids to minimise the environmental hazard posed by drilling wastes
Drilling fluids Separation of drilling fluids and processing to facilitate re-use
Use closed-loop systems to reduce drilling time, drilling fluid use and surface disturbance
Develop guidance for use of diesel fuel in HVHF fluid
Prohibit use of diesel fuel in HVHF fluid
Prohibit use of specified volatile organic compounds in groundwater zone
Composition of
Use of specified volatile organic compounds in HVHF fluid requires prior authorisation
HVHF fluid
Select appropriate additives to minimise environmental impacts
Minimise biocide use, e.g. via use of UV disinfection techniques in place of chemical biocides
Select proppants which minimise the HVHF treatment required
Develop and use an integrated water management system
Water resource
Require use of alternative sources of water
management
Avoid sensitive areas for water withdrawals
Control of Implement precautions to prevent invasive species from water storage by cleaning vehicles and
invasive species appropriate disposal of surplus water
Predictive modelling to optimise fracturing strategies
Share data from nearby fracturing operations
Ensure equipment compatible with composition of fracturing fluid
Control of HVHF Use all available techniques to minimise risk of fracturing taking place outside the target
process reservoir
Thorough planning and testing of equipment prior to fracturing operations
Development of contingency plan prior to fracturing operations
Detailed monitoring of process during fracturing operations
19. Control options
Aspect Description of measure
Develop pre-treatment standards for discharges of shale gas extraction wastewater to municipal
wastewater treatment plants
Establish treatment requirements/discharge limits for treatment and final discharge of
wastewater
Re-use waste water where possible
Wastewater
Store waste water in storage tanks, or in double lined lagoons constructed with regard to local
management
topography
Ensure receiving treatment works is capable of handling wastewaters
Install on-site wastewater treatment if appropriate
Measure the composition of the stored return water
Use closed-loop systems manage and reprocess waste waters
Develop and adopt air emission standards for methane, air toxics, ozone-forming pollutants,
and other airborne contaminants
Require Reduced Emissions Completions to be carried out
Emissions to air Prohibit venting of gases, and minimise use of flaring
from well Control of VOC emissions by combustion for any tank emitting more than 6 tons VOCs per year
completion Prohibit use of open-top or blow down tanks
Specify required reductions in uncontrolled VOC emissions
Use low-bleed or no-bleed pneumatic controllers
Replace glycol systems with alternatives
Survey well head equipment to identify and address leakage
Leakage to air Use equipment with low potential for leakage
during operation Automatic fail-safe equipment on pipelines
Reduce the number of storage tanks on site
Temporarily Set requirements for plugging and inspection of shut-in wells
abandoned wells Inspect and maintain wellheads every 90 days
20. Control options
Aspect Description of measure
Plug with 30 m of cement every 760 m and at least 30 m cement at the surface, with 30 m of
cement in horizontal section
Plug with 15 m of cement above every zone to be protected
Plug at least 15 m below the deepest perforation and 15 m above the shallowest perforation
Plug at least 15 m above and below the base of the deepest usable aquifer
Plug at least 30 m above and 15 m below each fluid-bearing stratum
Permanent well
Plug from 15 m below to 15 m above the base of the treatable water zone
abandonment
Set requirements for inspection of abandoned wells
Ensure a micro-annulus is not formed at temporary plugs
Carry out ongoing monitoring programme
Maintain records of well location and depth indefinitely
Transfer ownership and liability to competent authority on surrender of permit to ensure long-
term management
Remove surface impoundments as soon as possible when no longer needed
Well pad
Remediate well pads on an ongoing basis to facilitate return to original conditions
restoration
Well sites must be restored as soon as possible after the end of extraction operations
All operators are required to have financial security for the wells through performance bonds on
Bonding
an individual well or a field of wells
Operators should work cooperatively with regulatory agencies and other stakeholders to
Wider area promote best practices, and improve communication with local communities.
development Neighbouring operators work together to ensure efficient provision of gas collection and water
treatment infrastructure
Transboundary
Competent authorities should co-operate in jointly meeting regulatory requirements
co-operation
21. Legislative review
Aim of legislative review
• To identify potential uncertainties regarding the extent to which
shale gas exploration and production risks are covered under
current EU legislation
• To identify those risks not covered by EU legislation
• To draw conclusions relating to the risk to the environment and
human health of such operations in the EU
Gap analysis
• Inadequacies in legislation
• Potential inadequacies – uncertainty in applicability
• Potential inadequacies – uncertainty in MS implementation
22. Legislative review
Gaps identified in legislative review
• EIA Directive Annex I threshold for gas production
• EIA Directive Annex II definition of “deep drilling”
• EIA Directive scope: no requirement to address geological features
• Water Framework Directive: definition of “pollutants”
• Mining Waste Directive/IPPC: no relevant
BREF document
• Air and noise emission limits for larger
off-road machinery
• Coverage of Environmental liability directive
• Applicability of IPPC Directive/Industrial
Emissions Directive
• Classification under MWD
• Applicability of Seveso II Directive
• Member State implementation of a number of directives
23. Next steps
Next phase of European Commission studies
• Development of risk framework
• Member state implementation
• Mitigation of climate impacts of possible future shale gas extraction
Our work
• Regulatory guidance
• Supply chain market analysis
• Ongoing regulatory support
in US
24. Supply chain
KEY
Common to DEVELOPMENT
conventional and
Chemical
unconventional Ecology
EXPLORATION manufacturing
Greater or different Survey design Liaison with
Monitoring and planning pipeline operator
requirement with
Chemical supplier unconventional
Engineering EIA
Specialist New requirement Environmental Environmental
expertise drilling/casing for unconventional management management
suppliers Generator plant
SEA
Road, site and Engineering
Compression plant pad preparation
Horizontal drilling Planning
Frack project Financial Audit/ due Public relations
manager advice diligence Road and site
Risk
construction
assessment
Water supply Planning
Public Water pond
relations construction
Waste and water Financing AS FOR
treatment/disposal EXPLORATION
Drill rig
Regulatory PHASE
liaison
DATA SELECT TRIAL DRILL/ TRIAL DATA SELECT WELLPAD SITE PIPELINE DRILLING/
REVIEW TEST SITE FRACK ANALYSIS PRODUCTION ZONE IDENTIFICATION CONSTRUCTION CONSTRUCTION FRACKING
Public Pipeline connectivity
relations Logistics
Planning Site Production gathering
preparation
EIA
Analysts
Personnel messing, catering, ABANDONMENT WORKOVERS PRODUCTION COMPLETION
sanitation, accommodation etc
Monitoring
Trial data acquisition Technical/
Ecology
engineering
expertise
Geology and Reprocessing Site restoration Well maintenance Green Water Sludge
Geophysics of historical data completion treatment/ disposal
Gravimetry Gravimetry expertise recycling
Analysis and Environmental disposal
Well plugging
interpretation monitoring
Geochemical Geochemical
Legal survey survey
Road repair Services
Environmental
Technical/ 2D Survey management
2D Survey
construction Expertise
Infrastructure Landscape Repair
analysis 3D Survey 3D Survey
Political/ EM Survey EM Survey
Geopolitical
DECOMMISSIONING PRODUCTION
ED58399_SC_v4
Editor's Notes
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.
Source: U.S. DOE/EIA, updated 6/1/2011 available online: http://www.eia.gov/oil_gas/rpd/shaleusa5.pdfMy talk today will address shale gas wastewater and the strategies for its management.Wells in the Marcellus Shale formation are shown on this map as the red dots. Wells in other formations are shown as the black dots. To date, the majority of the Marcellus Shale growth has been concentrated in Pennsylvania and West Virginia. My discussion of wastewater generation and use will focus on Marcellus shale gas wells in Pennsylvania.