Bernoulli’s equation includes the term ‘Loss of Energy’ in the pipe. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy balances have to be properly accounted. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the energy losses. Fluids experience energy losses in several ways while flowing through a pipe. Some of them are; Enlargement losses Friction losses Losses in fittings Contraction lossesBernoulli’s equation includes the term ‘Loss of Energy’ in the pipe. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy balances have to be properly accounted. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the energy losses. Fluids experience energy losses in several ways while flowing through a pipe. Some of them are; Enlargement losses Friction losses Losses in fittings Contraction lossesBernoulli’s equation includes the term ‘Loss of Energy’ in the pipe. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy balances have to be properly accounted. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the energy losses. Fluids experience energy losses in several ways while flowing through a pipe. Some of them are; Enlargement losses Friction losses Losses in fittings Contraction lossesBernoulli’s equation includes the term ‘Loss of Energy’ in the pipe. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy balances have to be properly accounted. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the energy losses. Fluids experience energy losses in several ways while flowing through a pipe. Some of them are; Enlargement losses Friction losses Losses in fittings Contraction lossesBernoulli’s equation includes the term ‘Loss of Energy’ in the pipe. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy balances have to be properly accounted. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the energy losses. Fluids experience energy losses in several ways while flowing through a pipe. Some of them are; Enlargement losses Friction losses Losses in fittings Contraction lossesBernoulli’s equation includes the term ‘Loss of Energy’ in the pipe. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy balances have to be properly accounted. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the energy losses. Fluids experience energy losses in several ways while flowing through a pipe. Some of them are; Enlargement losses Friction losses Losses in fittings Contraction lossesBernoulli’s equation includes the term ‘Loss of Energy’ in the pipe. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy balances have to be properly accounted. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the energy losses. Fluids experience energy losses in several ways while flowing through a pipe. Some of them are; Enlargement losses Friction losses Losses in fittings Contraction lossesBernoulli’s equation includes the term ‘Loss of Energy’ in the pipe. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy balances have to be properly accounted. Therefore, it i

1. ENLARGEMENT LOSSES
Name: Bibuna Gautam
Roll No.:13
CiST College,Baneshwor

2. ENERGY LOSSES
 Bernoulli’s equation includes the term ‘Loss of
Energy’ in the pipe.
 According to the law of conservation of energy,
energy balances have to be properly accounted.
 Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the energy
losses.
 Fluids experience energy losses in several ways while
flowing through a pipe. Some of them are;
1. Enlargement losses
2. Friction losses
3. Losses in fittings
4. Contraction losses
Introduction

3.  One of the type of energy losses.
 Also called sudden enlargement losses.
 Refers to the energy or head loss that occurs when a
fluid flows through a sudden increase in the diameter
of a pipe(smaller to a larger pipe).
 This type of loss is a type of “minor loss” in pipe flow,
distinct from the major losses caused by friction
along the pipe length.
Enlargement losses

4.  If the cross section of the pipe enlarges gradually the
fluid adapts itself to the changed section without any
disturbance. Therefore, there is no loss of energy at
the point.
 If the cross section of the pipe changes suddenly,
loss of energy is observed due to eddies (circular
movement of fluid ).

5.  Due to these disturbances, the loss of head will be
observed.
 In sudden enlargement, the velocity of flow at larger
cross-section is less than the velocity at smaller cross-
section ,i.e. u2 < u1.
 For sudden enlargement , the loss is represented by:
Sudden Enlargement Losses:
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He=(u1-u2)^2/2g
Where, ️
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He=loss of head due to sudden enlargement of
the pipe.
u2=Velocity of the fluid in the larger section of pipe
(after enlargement)
u1=Velocity of the fluid in the smaller section of pipe
(before enlargement)
g=acceleration due to gravity, aprox.9.81m/s^2

6. 1. Textbook of Pharmaceutical Engineering: Unit
operations-I
2. www.slideshare.net
References

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