Systematic review

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Systematic (Literature) Review
Dr. Khalid Mahmood
Professor
Department of Information Management
University of the Punjab

 Professor of Information Management at University of the
Punjab
 Post-doctoral research fellow at University of Califor...

Acknowledgment
 I have prepared this presentation with the help of
many books, presentations and Websites.
 I pay my sin...

4
Literature review
 The general term for all attempts to
synthesize the results and conclusions of
two or more publicati...

 Narrative review
 Traditional expert review; usually subjective in nature
 Systematic review
 A review of a clearly f...

Systematic review – history
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SR – another definition
A systematic review “attempts
 to collate all empirical evidence that fits pre-
specified eligibi...

SR vs. narrative review
8

Characteristics of an SR
 Clearly stated set of objectives with pre-defined
eligibility criteria for studies
 Explicit, ...

Steps in an SR
 Build a review team
 Develop a protocol or plan
 Formulate review question
 Define inclusion and exclu...

Review team
 Normally a team work
 Key skills:
 Managing research projects
 Leading, coordinating
 Expertise in the t...

Protocol
 What is the title?
 What is the context and what are the conceptual
issues?
 What is the aim?
 What is the r...

PICO – question components
in medicine
 P – Population
 Patients (Demographic factors, socioeconomic
factors, setting, e...

PICO – example
14

Sample questions
 In undergraduate medical education, does the
use of clicker technology in the classroom
improve learnin...

Inclusion and exclusion
criteria – example
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Searching literature
 Identifying major concepts
 Keywords, synonyms, controlled vocabulary
 Combination of concepts
 ...

Sources of literature
 Electronic databases
 General vs. subject
 Grey literature
 Conference proceedings, theses, rep...

Search strategy – example
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Search strategy – example
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Record keeping log – example
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Study selection
 An initial assessment that occurs following the search
 It addresses the question “should the paper be
...

PRISMA flow diagram
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PRISMA diagram – example
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Study quality assessment
 Choose appropriate checklist
 related to study design
 It is better to use more reviewers
 I...

Quality assessment criteria
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Quality assessment results
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Data extraction
 Think about what data you need to extract
from included studies to answer the
questions
 Pilot a draft ...

Data extraction form
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Summary table of evidence
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Data synthesis
 Will results be pooled? How?
 How will differences between studies be
taken into account?
 Can subgroup...

Best of luck for your
research endeavors!
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