During the Elizabethan Era, punishments for crimes were severe and often involved torture or execution. Crimes included high treason, blasphemy, sedition, spying, rebellion, murder, and witchcraft. Punishment depended on social class, with nobility facing lighter consequences. Common torture methods included the rack, which stretched the body, and the scavenger's daughter, which compressed it. Commoners faced hanging, burning, whipping, branding, starvation in public places, boiling in oil or water, and bodily dismemberment.