4. Contents
Relative,absolute advantage and Terms of Trade………………………………………………………….3
Kinds of trade unions………………………………………………………………………………………….5
Tariffs and quotas………………………………………………………………………………………………6
Exchange rate systems………………………………………………………………………………………..7
J-curve effect……………………………………………………………………………………………………9
Lorenz curve ……………………………………………………………………………………………………..10
Kuznets Curve……………………………………………………………………………………………………11
Envrionmental Kuznets Curve………………………………………………………………………………..12
Crowding out effect……………………………………………………………………………………………..13
Crowding in effect……………………………………………………………………………………………….14
Laffer Curve………………………………………………………………………………………………………15
Impact of changing in tax………………………………………………………………………………………16
Cyclical and structural deficits………………………………………………………………………………..17
Effects of fiscal austerity……………………………………………………………………………………….18
Harrod-Domar model……………………………………………………………………………………………19
Impact of removing a subsidy…………………………………………………………………………………20
Buffer stock scheme…………………………………………………………………………………………….21