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![VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BELAGAVI
PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION)
As per the regulation 2020
Group no. 1 Subject Code 20ECS14 Exam Duration 03 Hours
Exam Marks 100
Subject Title Advanced Communication Systems -1
Module-01
Signal Representation: Low pass representation of bandpass signals, Low pass representation of
bandpass random process [Text 1, Chapter 2: 2.1, and 2.9 only].
Modulation: Representation of digitally modulated Signals, Modulation Schemes without memory
(Band Limited Schemes - PAM, BPSK, QPSK, MPSK, MQAM, Power Limited Schemes – FSK, MFSK,
DPSK, DQPSK), modulation schemes with memory (Basics of CPFSK and CPM – Full Treatment of
MSK), Transmit PSD for Modulation Schemes. (Section 3.4) [Text 1, Chapter 3: 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3].
Module-02
Demodulation: Vector Channel, Vector Channel +AWGN, Performance parameters, Optimum
Coherent Detection for power limited and Bandlimited schemes, Optimal Coherent detection for
schemes with memory, Optimal Non – Coherent detection for schemes without and with memory
(FSK, DPSK, DQPSK), Comparison of detection schemes [Text 1, Chapter 4: 4.1, 4.2.- 4.2.2, 4.3, 4.4,
4.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.5.5 and 4.6].
Module-03
Bandlimited Channels: Bandlimited channel characterization, signaling through band limited
linear filter channels, Sinc, RC, Duobinary and Modified Duobinary signaling schemes, Optimum
receiver for channel with ISI and AWGN.
Linear Equalizers: Zero forcing Equalizer, MSE and MMSE, Baseband and Passband Linear
Equalizers. Performance of ZFE and MSE (Excluding 9.4-3, 9.4-4) [Text 1, Chapter 9: 9.1, 9.2 - 9.2.1,
9.2.2, 9.2.3, 9.3-9.3.1, 9.3.2 and 9.4].
Module-04
Non-Linear Equalizers: Decision - feedback equalization, Predictive DFE, Performance of DFE
[Text 1, Chapter 9: 9.5: 9.5-1 only] .
Adaptive equalization: Adaptive linear equalizer, adaptive decision feedback equalizer, Adaptive
Fractionally spaced Equalizer (Tap Leakage Algorithm), Adaptive equalization of Trellis - coded
signals [Text 1, Chapter 10: 10.1, 10.1-1, 10.1-2, 10.1-3, 10.1-6,10.1-7, 10.2, 10.3].
Module-05
Spread spectrum signals for digital communication: Model of spread spectrum digital
communication system, Direct sequence spread spectrum signals, some applications of DS spread
spectrum signals, generation of PN sequences, Frequency hopped spread spectrum signals, Time
hopping SS, Synchronization of SS systems [Text 1, Chapter 12: 12.1, 12.2 (except 12.2.1), 12.2.2,
12.2.5, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5].
Textbook:
‘Digital Communications’, John G. Proakis, Masoud Salehi, Pearson Education, ISBN:978-
9332535893, 5th edition, 2014
Reference Books:
1. ‘Digital Communications: Fundamentals and Applications: Fundamentals & Applications’,](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ecesyyllabus-241017062101-d6bb67ad/75/ece_SYYLLABUS_VTU_FOR-PHD-SYLLABUS-TO-WITE-COUSE-WOK-5-2048.jpg)
![VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BELAGAVI
PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION)
As per the regulation 2020
Group no. 2 Subject Code 20ECS21 Exam Duration 03 Hours
Exam Marks 100
Subject Title Advanced Communication Systems -2
Module-01
Synchronization – Signal Parameter estimation, Carrier Phase Estimation, Symbol Timing
Recovery, Performance of ML estimators. [Text 1, Chapter 5]
Fading – Large scale, small scale; Statistical characterization of multipath channels – Delay and
Doppler spread, classification of multipath channels, scattering function; Binary signaling over
frequency non selective Rayleigh fading channel [Text 1, Chapter 13].
Module-02
Fading Contd.: - Diversity techniques for performance improvement with binary signaling over
FNS, Slow fading channels – power combining and Maximal ratio combining; Frequency selective
channels – Rake receivers, Performance, Tap weight Synchronization, Application to CDMA [Text 1,
Chapter 13].
Multicarrier Signalling: A brief overview of Frequency Diversity [Text 2, Sec 3.4.1, 3.4.2].
Multicarrier Communications in AWGN channel- Single carrier vs Multicarrier, OFDM, FFT
Implementation, Spectral Characteristics, Power and bit allocation, Peak to Average Power Ratio,
Channel Coding Considerations [Text 1, 11.2.1 to 11.2.9] and [Text 2, Sec 3.4.4].
Module-03
Capacity of wireless channel: AWGN channel capacity [Sec 5.1 All subsections], Resources of
AWGN channel [5.2 All sub sections], Linear time invariant Gaussian channel [5.3 All sub sections],
Capacity of Fading Channels [Sec 5.4 All subsections] [Text 2 Chapter 5].
Module-04
MIMO spatial multiplexing and channel modeling: Multiplexing capability of deterministic
MIMO channels, Physical modeling of MIMO channels, Modeling of MIMO fading channels [Text 2,
Chapter 7].
Module-05
MIMO capacity and multiplexing architectures: The VBLAST architecture, Fast fading MIMO
channel, Capacity with CSI at receiver, Performance gains, Full CSI, Performance gains in a MIMO
channel, Receiver architectures – (Linear decorrelator, Successive cancellation, Linear MMSE
receiver), Information theoretic optimality, Connections with CDMA multiuser detection and ISI
equalization, Slow fading MIMO channel [Sections 8.1 to 8.4, Text 2].
Textbooks:
1. ‘Digital Communications’, John G. Proakis, Masoud Salehi, Pearson Education, ISBN:978-
9332535893, 5th edition, 2014
2. ‘Fundamentals of Wireless Communication’, David Tse, Pramod Viswanath, Cambridge
University Press, ISBN:0521845270, 1st edition, 2005](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ecesyyllabus-241017062101-d6bb67ad/75/ece_SYYLLABUS_VTU_FOR-PHD-SYLLABUS-TO-WITE-COUSE-WOK-18-2048.jpg)
![Module-4
Plasma-Wave Propagation in GaN and Its Applications:
Electron PlasmaWaves: Physical Origin, Drude Conductivity and Distributed Models for HEMTs,
Hydrodynamic Transport Equations and Non-linear Effects, Electron PlasmaWaves in GaN
Experimental Demonstration, Direct Electrical Probing, Quasi-Optical Excitation, Prospective
Applications, RTD-Gated HEMT (Chapter 6).
Numerical Simulation of Distributed Electromagnetic and Plasma Wave Effect Devices:
Hydrodynamic Modeling of the 2DEG Channel ,Electrodynamic Equations (or Maxwell’s Equation),
Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) Solution, Time-Space Discretization of HD Equations, Time-
Space Discretization of Maxwell’s Equation 4 Verification Using Analytical Models and Experimental
Data , Model Validation Via Analytical Method , Model Validation Via Prior Measurements 5 HEMT-
Based Terahertz Emitters Using PlasmaWave Instability , Modeling of HEMT-Based Terahertz
Emitters, Full-Wave Hydrodynamic Modeling of Terahertz
Emissions from an Short Channel HEMT [24], Dyakonov-Shur Instability, Instability Mechanism ,
Instability in Ungated InGaAs HEMT, Effects of Velocity Saturation and Reduced Mobility, RTD-
Assisted Amplification of Plasmons in HEMTs, Full-Wave Modeling of RTD-Gated HEMT: Validation
and Results, Comparison of Numerical and Analytical Solutions, Plasmon Propagation in RTD-Gated
GaN/AlGaN Heterojunctions, Experimental Work for Confirmation of Plasma Modes in 2DEG
Sample, Capacitively-Coupled HEMT Device, Fabrication and Measurements (Chapter 7).
Module-5
Resonant Tunneling Transport in Polar III-Nitride:
Introduction, Background on Resonant Tunneling Devices, III-Nitride-Based Resonant Tunneling
Devices, Polar Double-Barrier Heterostructures, Molecular Beam Epitaxy of III-Nitride RTDs,
GaN/AlN Resonant Tunneling Diodes, Polar RTD Model,New Tunneling Features in Polar RTDs,
Polar RTD at Resonance, Polarization-Induced Threshold Voltage, Measurement of the Magnitude of
the Polarization Fields,III-Nitride Resonant Tunneling Diode Oscillators, High Current-Density
RTDs, III-Nitride RTD-Oscillator (Chapter 8).
Fabrication and Characterization of GaN/AlN Resonant Tunneling Diodes: Introduction and
Summary, Material Growth and Fabrication, GaN/AlN RTDs ,In GaAs/AlAs RTDs, Characterization,
Current-Voltage Curves, GaN RTDs at Room Temperature, GaN RTDs at Cryogenic and High
Temperatures, InGaAs RTDs, High Current Density GaN RTDs, High-Speed Characterization,
Switching, Switching Methods, Qualification with InGaAs RTDs, GaN RTD Switching, Effect of GaN
Growth Methods on Switching Speed, GaN RTD Oscillations, A Spice Model for GaN RTDs,
Electroluminescence, GaN RTDs, InGaAs RTDs, Explanation for EL in GaN RTDs, Explanation for EL
of InGaAs RTDs, Comparison of EL in GaN and InGaAs RTDs, Estimate of Quantum Efficiency in GaN
RTDs (Chapter 9).)
Text Book:
‘High-Frequency GaN Electronic Device’, Editors: Patrick Fay, Debdeep Jena, Paul Maki,
Springer International Publishing, 2020](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ecesyyllabus-241017062101-d6bb67ad/75/ece_SYYLLABUS_VTU_FOR-PHD-SYLLABUS-TO-WITE-COUSE-WOK-29-2048.jpg)
![VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BELAGAVI
PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION)
As per the regulation 2020
Group no. 3 Subject Code 20ECS243 Exam Duration 03 Hours
Exam Marks 100
Subject Title Cryptography and Network Security
Module-01
Foundations: Terminology, Steganography, substitution ciphers and transpositions ciphers, Simple
XOR, One-Time Pads, Computer Algorithms (Text 2: Chapter 1: Section 1.1 to 1.6).
SYMMETRIC CIPHERS: Traditional Block Cipher structure, Data encryption standard (DES), The
AES Cipher. (Text 1: Chapter 2: Section2.1, 2.2, Chapter 4).
Module-02
Introduction to modular arithmetic, Prime Numbers, Fermat’s and Euler’s theorem, primality
testing, Chinese Remainder theorem, discrete logarithm. (Text 1: Chapter 7: Section 1, 2, 3, 4, 5).
Principles of Public-Key Cryptosystems, The RSA algorithm, Diffie - Hellman Key Exchange, Elliptic
Curve Arithmetic, Elliptic Curve Cryptography (Text 1: Chapter 8, Chapter 9: Section 9.1, 9.3, 9.4).
Module-03
Pseudo-Random-Sequence Generators and Stream Ciphers: Linear Congruential Generators,
Linear Feedback Shift Registers, Design and analysis of stream ciphers, Stream ciphers using LFSRs,
A5, Hughes XPD/KPD, Nanoteq, Rambutan, Additive generators, Gifford, Algorithm M, PKZIP (Text
2: Chapter 16).
Module-04
One-Way Hash Functions: Background, Snefru, N-Hash, MD4, MD5, Secure Hash Algorithm [SHA],
One way hash functions using symmetric block algorithms, Using public key algorithms, Choosing a
one-way hash functions, Message Authentication Codes. Digital Signature Algorithm, Discrete
Logarithm Signature Scheme (Text 2: Chapter 18: Section 18.1 to 18.5, 18.7, 18.11 to 18.14 and
Chapter 20: Section 20.1, 20.4).
Module-05
E-mail Security: Pretty Good Privacy-S/MIME (Text 1: Chapter 17: Section 17.1, 17.2).
IP Security: IP Security Overview, IP Security Policy, Encapsulation Security Payload (ESP),
Combining security Associations. (Text 1: Chapter 18: Section 18.1 to 18.4).
Web Security: Web Security Considerations, SSL (Text 1: Chapter 15: Section 15.1, 15.2).
Textbooks:
1. ‘Cryptography and Network Security Principles and Practice’, William Stallings, Pearson
Education Inc., ISBN: 978-93325-1877-3, 6th Edition, 2014
2. ‘Applied Cryptography Protocols, Algorithms, and Source code in C’, Bruce Schneier, Wiley
Publications ISBN: 9971-51348-X, 2nd Edition
Reference Books:
1. ‘Cryptography and Network Security’, Behrouz A. Forouzan, TMH, 2007
2. ‘Cryptography and Network Security’, Atul Kahate, TMH, 2003](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/ecesyyllabus-241017062101-d6bb67ad/75/ece_SYYLLABUS_VTU_FOR-PHD-SYLLABUS-TO-WITE-COUSE-WOK-41-2048.jpg)
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ece_SYYLLABUS_VTU_FOR PHD SYLLABUS TO WITE COUSE WOK
- 1. Group No. Course Code Course Title UNIQUE CODE 1 20ECS14Advanced Communication Systems - 1 201EC001 1 20ECS12 Advanced Digital Signal Processing 201EC002 1 20ELD14 Digital Circuits and Logic Design 201EC003 1 20ECS333 Internet of Things 201EC004 1 20ELD11 Advanced Engineering Mathematics 201EC005 1 20ELD21 Advanced Computer Architecture 201EC006 1 20EVE242 Nanoelectronics 201EC007 1 20EVE12 ASIC Design 201EC008 2 20ECS21 Advanced Communication Systems - 2 202EC001 2 20ESP15 Digital Compression 202EC002 2 20EVE21 Design of Analog and Mixed Mode VLSI Circuits 202EC003 2 20ESP21 Image Processing and Machine Vision 202EC004 2 20EIE15 Advanced Control System 202EC005 2 20ECS15 Advanced Computer Communication Networks 202EC006 2 20EVE254 High Frequency GaN Electronic Devices 202EC007 2 20EVE241 Advances in VLSI Design 202EC008 3 20ECS23 Error Control Coding 203EC001 3 20ESP321 Array Signal Processing 203EC002 3 20EIE251 Automotive Electronics 203EC003 3 20EVE321 Machine Learning in VLSI CAD 203EC004 3 20EIE21 Process Control Instrumentation 203EC005 3 20ECS243 Cryptography and Network Security 203EC006 3 20ELD253 Micro Electro Mechanical Systems 203EC007 3 20EVE251 Low Power VLSI Design 203EC008 4 20ECS22 Antenna Theory and Design 204EC001 4 20ESP324 Speech and Audio Processing 204EC002 4 20EVE252 SoC Design 204EC003 4 20ESP332 Pattern Recognition & Machine Learning 204EC004 4 20EIE252 Industrial Drives 204EC005 4 20ELD323 Business Intelligence and its Applications 204EC006
- 2. 4 20EVE331 VLSIDesign for Signal Processing 204EC007 4 20EVE14 VLSI Testing 204EC008 5 20ECS244 Optical Communication and Networking 205EC001 5 20ESP31 Adaptive Signal Processing 205EC002 5 20EVE322 CMOS RF Circuit Design 205EC003 5 20SCS322 Virtual Reality 205EC004 5 20EIE331 Advanced Power Electronic Converters and Applications 205EC005 5 20ECS241 Wireless Sensor Networks 205EC006 5 20EVE244 Reconfigurable Computing 205EC007 5 20EVE23 System Verilog 205EC008 6 20ECS251 Multimedia Over Communication Links 206EC001 6 20ESP251 Biomedical Signal Processing 206EC002 6 20ECS331 RF and Microwave Circuit Design 206EC003 6 20SCS23 Blockchain Technology 206EC004 6 20ECS254 Simulation, Modelling and Analysis 206EC005 6 20ECS31 LTE 4G Broadband 206EC006 6 20EIE322 Medical Imaging 206EC007 6 20EVE334 Long Term Reliability of VLSI Systems 206EC008
- 3. Sl. No. GROUP1 GROUP 2 GROUP 3 GROUP 4 GROUP 5 GROUP 6 1 (Communication related) 20ECS14 Advanced Communication Systems - 1 20ECS21 Advanced Communication Systems - 2 20ECS23 Error Control Coding 20ECS22 Antenna Theory and Design 20ECS244 Optical Communication and Networking 20ECS251 Multimedia Over Communication Links 2 (Signal processing related) 20ECS12 Advanced Digital Signal Processing 20ESP15 Digital Compression 20ESP321 Array Signal Processing 20ESP324 Speech and Audio Processing 20ESP31 Adaptive Signal Processing 20ESP251 Biomedical Signal Processing 3 (Devices and circuits related) 20ELD14 Digital Circuits and Logic Design 20EVE21 Design of Analog and Mixed Mode VLSI Circuits 20EIE251 Automotive Electronics 20EVE252 SoC Design 20EVE322 CMOS RF Circuit Design 20ECS331 RF and Microwave Circuit Design 4 (IoT and ML related) 20ECS333 Internet of Things 20ESP21 Image Processing and Machine Vision 20EVE321 Machine Learning in VLSI CAD 20ESP332 Pattern Recognition & Machine Learning 20SCS322 Virtual Reality 20SCS23 Blockchain Technology 5 (Process control & allied) 20ELD11 Advanced Engineering Mathematics 20EIE15 Advanced Control System 20EIE21 Process Control Instrumentation 20EIE252 Industrial Drives 20EIE331 Advanced Power Electronic Converters and Applications 20ECS254 Simulation, Modeling and Analysis 6 (Networks & allied) 20ELD21 Advanced Computer Architecture 20ECS15 Advanced Computer Communication Networks 20ECS243 Cryptography and Network Security 20ELD323 Business Intelligence and its Applications 20ECS241 Wireless Sensor Networks 20ECS31 LTE 4G Broadband 7 (Applied Electronics) 20EVE242 Nanoelectronics 20EVE254 High Frequency GaN Electronic Devices 20ELD253 Micro Electro Mechanical Systems 20EVE331 VLSI Design for Signal Processing 20EVE244 Reconfigurable Computing 20EIE322 Medical Imaging 8 (VLSI related) 20EVE12 ASIC Design 20EVE241 Advances in VLSI Design 20EVE251 Low Power VLSI Design 20EVE14 VLSI Testing 20EVE23 System Verilog 20EVE334 Long Term Reliability of VLSI Systems Approved Ph. D Coursework Examination Courses under ECE Board with Course Codes as per 2020 M. Tech Scheme
- 4. GROUP 1 Sl. No. Course CodeCourse Name 1 20ECS14 Advanced Communication Systems - 1 2 20ECS12 Advanced Digital Signal Processing 3 20ELD14 Digital Circuits and Logic Design 4 20ECS333 Internet of Things 5 20ELD11 Advanced Engineering Mathematics 6 20ELD21 Advanced Computer Architecture 7 20EVE242 Nanoelectronics 8 20EVE12 ASIC Design Approved Ph. D Coursework Examination Courses
- 5. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 1 Subject Code 20ECS14 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Advanced Communication Systems -1 Module-01 Signal Representation: Low pass representation of bandpass signals, Low pass representation of bandpass random process [Text 1, Chapter 2: 2.1, and 2.9 only]. Modulation: Representation of digitally modulated Signals, Modulation Schemes without memory (Band Limited Schemes - PAM, BPSK, QPSK, MPSK, MQAM, Power Limited Schemes – FSK, MFSK, DPSK, DQPSK), modulation schemes with memory (Basics of CPFSK and CPM – Full Treatment of MSK), Transmit PSD for Modulation Schemes. (Section 3.4) [Text 1, Chapter 3: 3.1, 3.2 and 3.3]. Module-02 Demodulation: Vector Channel, Vector Channel +AWGN, Performance parameters, Optimum Coherent Detection for power limited and Bandlimited schemes, Optimal Coherent detection for schemes with memory, Optimal Non – Coherent detection for schemes without and with memory (FSK, DPSK, DQPSK), Comparison of detection schemes [Text 1, Chapter 4: 4.1, 4.2.- 4.2.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5.1, 4.5.2, 4.5.5 and 4.6]. Module-03 Bandlimited Channels: Bandlimited channel characterization, signaling through band limited linear filter channels, Sinc, RC, Duobinary and Modified Duobinary signaling schemes, Optimum receiver for channel with ISI and AWGN. Linear Equalizers: Zero forcing Equalizer, MSE and MMSE, Baseband and Passband Linear Equalizers. Performance of ZFE and MSE (Excluding 9.4-3, 9.4-4) [Text 1, Chapter 9: 9.1, 9.2 - 9.2.1, 9.2.2, 9.2.3, 9.3-9.3.1, 9.3.2 and 9.4]. Module-04 Non-Linear Equalizers: Decision - feedback equalization, Predictive DFE, Performance of DFE [Text 1, Chapter 9: 9.5: 9.5-1 only] . Adaptive equalization: Adaptive linear equalizer, adaptive decision feedback equalizer, Adaptive Fractionally spaced Equalizer (Tap Leakage Algorithm), Adaptive equalization of Trellis - coded signals [Text 1, Chapter 10: 10.1, 10.1-1, 10.1-2, 10.1-3, 10.1-6,10.1-7, 10.2, 10.3]. Module-05 Spread spectrum signals for digital communication: Model of spread spectrum digital communication system, Direct sequence spread spectrum signals, some applications of DS spread spectrum signals, generation of PN sequences, Frequency hopped spread spectrum signals, Time hopping SS, Synchronization of SS systems [Text 1, Chapter 12: 12.1, 12.2 (except 12.2.1), 12.2.2, 12.2.5, 12.3, 12.4, 12.5]. Textbook: ‘Digital Communications’, John G. Proakis, Masoud Salehi, Pearson Education, ISBN:978- 9332535893, 5th edition, 2014 Reference Books: 1. ‘Digital Communications: Fundamentals and Applications: Fundamentals & Applications’,
- 6. Bernard Sklar, PearsonEducation, ISBN:9788131720929, 2nd edition, 2009 2. ‘Digital Communications Systems’, Simon Haykin, Wiley, ISBN: 9788126542314, 1st edition, 2014
- 7. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 1 Subject Code 20ECS12 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Advanced Digital Signal Processing Module-01 Multirate Digital Signal Processing: Introduction, decimation by a factor 'D', Interpolation by a factor 'I', sampling rate conversion by a factor 'I/D', Implementation of sampling rate conversion, Multistage implementation of sampling rate conversion, Applications of multirate signal processing, Digital filter banks, two channel quadrature mirror filter banks, M-channel QMF bank (Text 1). Module-02 Linear prediction and Optimum Linear Filters: Random signals, Correlation Functions and Power Spectra, Innovations Representation of a Stationary Random Process. Forward and Backward Linear Prediction. Solution of the Normal Equations. The Levinson-Durbin Algorithm. Properties of the Linear Prediction-Error Filters (Text 1). Module-03 Adaptive filters: Applications of Adaptive Filters-Adaptive Channel Equalization, Adaptive noise cancellation, Linear Predictive coding of Speech Signals, Adaptive direct form FIR filters-The LMS algorithm, Properties of LMS algorithm. Adaptive direct form filters- RLS algorithm (Text 1). Module-04 Power Spectrum Estimation: Non parametric Methods for Power Spectrum Estimation - Bartlett Method, Welch Method, Blackman and Tukey Methods. Parametric Methods for Power Spectrum Estimation: Relationship between the auto correlation and the model parameters, Yule and Walker methods for the AR Model Parameters, Burg Method for the AR Model parameters, Unconstrained least-squares method for the AR Model parameters, Sequential estimation methods for the AR Model parameters, ARMA Model for Power Spectrum Estimation (Text 1). Module-05 WAVELET TRANSFORMS: The Age of Wavelets, The origin of Wavelets, Wavelets and other reality transforms, History of wavelets, Wavelets of the future. Continuous Wavelet and Short Time Fourier Transform: Wavelet Transform, Mathematical preliminaries, Properties of wavelets. Discrete Wavelet Transform: Haar scaling functions, Haar wavelet function, Daubechies Wavelets (Chapters 1, 3 & 4 of Text 2). Textbooks: 1. ‘Digital Signal Processing, Principles, Algorithms and Applications’, John G. Proakis, Dimitris G. Manolakis, Pearson, Fourth edition, 2007 2. ‘Insight into Wavelets- from Theory to Practice’, K P Soman, Ramachandran, Resmi, PHI, Third Edition, 2010
- 8. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 1 Subject Code 20ELD14 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Digital Circuits and Logic Design Module-01 Threshold Logic: Introductory Concepts, Synthesis of Threshold Networks, Capabilities, Minimization, and Transformation of Sequential Machines: The Finite- State Model, Further Definitions, Capabilities. Module-02 Fault Detection by Path Sensitizing, Detection of Multiple Faults, Failure-Tolerant Design, Quadded Logic, Reliable Design and Fault Diagnosis Hazards: Fault Detection in Combinational Circuits. Module-03 Fault-Location Experiments, Boolean Differences, Limitations of Finite – State Machines, State Equivalence and Machine Minimization, Simplification of Incompletely Specified Machines. Module-04 Structure of Sequential Machines: Introductory Example, State Assignments Using Partitions, The Lattice of closed Partitions, Reductions of the Output Dependency, Input Independence and Autonomous Clocks, Covers and Generation of closed Partitions by state splitting, Information Flow in Sequential Machines, decompositions, Synthesis of Multiple Machines. Module-05 State Identifications and Fault-Detection Experiments: Homing Experiments, Distinguishing Experiments, Machine Identification, Fault Detection Experiments, Design of Diagnosable Machines, Second Algorithm for the Design of Fault Detection Experiments, Fault-Detection. Textbook: ‘Switching and Finite Automata Theory’, Zvi Kohavi, TMH, ISBN: 978_0_07_099387_7, 2nd Edition, 2008. Reference Books: 1. ‘Digital Circuits and logic Design’, Charles Roth Jr., Cengage Learning, 7th edition, 2014. 2. ‘Fault Tolerant and Fault Testable Hardware Design’, Parag K Lala, Prentice Hall Inc. 1985. 3. ‘Introductory Theory of Computer’, E. V. Krishnamurthy, Macmillan Press Ltd, 1983 4. ‘Theory of computer science – Automata, Languages and Computation’, Mishra & Chandrasekaran, 2nd Edition, PHI, 2004.
- 9. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 1 Subject Code 20ECS333 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Internet of Things Module-01 What is IoT ? Genesis, Digitization, Impact, Connected Roadways, Buildings, Challenges IoT Network Architecture and Design Drivers behind new network Architectures, Comparing IoT Architectures, M2M architecture, IoT world forum standard, IoT Reference Model, Simplified IoT Architecture. Module-02 IoT Network Architecture and Design Core IoT Functional Stack, Layer1 (Sensors and Actuators), Layer 2 (Communications Sublayer), Access network sublayer, Gateways and backhaul sublayer, Network transport sublayer, IoT Network management. Layer 3 (Applications and Analytics) – Analytics vs Control, Data vs Network Analytics, IoT Data Management and Compute Stack Module-03 Engineering IoT Networks Things in IoT – Sensors, Actuators, MEMS and smart objects. Sensor networks, WSN, Communication protocols for WSN Communications Criteria, Range, Frequency bands, power consumption, Topology, Constrained Devices, Constrained Node Networks IoT Access Technologies, IEEE 802.15.4 Competitive Technologies – Overview only of IEEE 802.15.4g, 4e, IEEE 1901.2a Standard Alliances – LTE Cat 0, LTE-M, NB-IoT Module-04 Engineering IoT Networks IP as IoT network layer, Key Advantages, Adoption, Optimization, Constrained Nodes, Constrained Networks, IP versions, Optimizing IP for IoT. Application Protocols for IoT – Transport Layer, Application Transport layer, Background only of SCADA, Generic web based protocols, IoT Application Layer Data and Analytics for IoT – Introduction, Structured and Unstructured data, IoT Data Analytics overview and Challenges. Module-05 IoT in Industry (Three Use cases) IoT Strategy for Connected manufacturing, Architecture for Connected Factory Utilities – Power utility, IT/OT divide, Grid blocks reference model, Reference Architecture, Primary substation grid block and automation. Smart and Connected cities –Strategy, Smart city network Architecture, Street layer, city layer, Data center layer, services layer, Smart city security architecture, Smart street lighting.
- 10. Text Book: ‘CISCO, IoTFundamentals – Networking Technologies, Protocols, Use Cases for IoT’, David Hanes, Gonzalo Salgueiro, Patrick Grossetete, Robert Barton, Jerome Henry, Pearson Education, ISBN: 978-9386873743, First edition, 2017 Reference Book: ‘Internet of Things – A Hands on Approach’, Arshdeep Bahga and Vijay Madisetti, Orient Blackswan Private Limited - New Delhi, First edition, 2015
- 11. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 1 Subject Code 20ELD11 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Advanced Engineering Mathematics Module-01 Linear Algebra-I: Introduction to vector spaces and sub-spaces, definitions, illustrative example. Linearly independent and dependent vectors- Basis-definition and problems. Linear transformations-definitions. Matrix form of linear transformations – Illustrative examples (Text Book 1). Module-02 Linear Algebra-II: Computation of eigen values and eigen vectors of real symmetric matrices – Given’s method. Orthogonal vectors and orthogonal bases. Gram-Schmidt orthogonalization process (Text Book 1). Module-03 Calculus of Variations: Concept of functional- Eulers equation. Functional dependent on first and higher order derivatives, Functional on several dependent variables. Isoperimetric problems- variation problems with moving boundaries. (Text Book 2). Module-04 Probability Theory: Review of basic probability theory. Definitions of random variables and probability distributions, probability mass and density functions, expectation, moments, central moments, characteristic functions, probability generating and moment generating functions- illustrations. Poisson, Gaussian and Erlang distributions examples (Text Book 3). Module-05 Engineering Applications on Random processes: Classification. Stationary, WSS and ergodic random process. Auto-correlation function - properties, Gaussian random process (Text Book 3). Text Books: 1. ‘Linear Algebra and its Applications’, David C Lay, Steven R Lay and J J McDonald, Pearson Education Ltd., 5th Edition, 2015 2. ‘Differential Equations and Calculus of Variations’, Elsgolts L, MIR Publications, 3rd Edition, 1977 3. ‘Probability, Statistics and Random Process’, T Veerarajan, Tata Mc-Graw Hill Co., 3rd Edition, 2016 Reference Books: 1. ‘Introduction to Linear Algebra’, Gilbert Strang, Wellesley-Cambridge Press, 5th Edition, 2016 2. ‘Schaum’s Outlines of Theory and Problems of Matrix Operations’, Richard Bronson, McGraw- Hill, 1988 3. ‘Probability and Random Process with application to Signal Processing’, Scott L Miller, Donald G Childers, Elsevier Academic Press, 2nd Edition, 2013
- 12. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 1 Subject Code 20ELD21 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Advanced Computer Architecture Module-01 Parallel Computer Models: The State of Computing, Multiprocessors and multicomputers, Multivector and SIMD computers. Program and Network Properties: Conditions of parallelism, Program Partitioning & Scheduling, Program Flow Mechanisms. Module-02 Principles of Scalable Performance: Performance Metrics and Measures, Parallel Processing Applications, Speedup Performance Laws, Scalability Analysis and Approaches. Processors & Memory Hierarchy: Advanced processor technology, Super Scalars & Vector Processors, Memory Hierarchy Technology, Virtual Memory Technology. Module-03 Bus, Cache and Shared Memory: Bus Systems, Cache Memory Organizations, Shared Memory Organizations, Sequential & Weak Consistency Model. Pipelining & Superscalar Technologies: Linear Pipeline Processors, Nonlinear Pipeline Processors, Instruction Pipeline Design, Arithmetic Pipeline Design, Superscalar Pipeline Design. Module-04 Multivector & SIMD Computers: Vector Processing principles, Multivector Multiprocessors, Compound Vector Processing, SIMD Computer Organization. Scalable, Multithreaded and Data Flow Computers: Latency Hiding Techniques, Principles of Multithreading, Fine Grain Multi Computers, Scalable and Multithreaded Architectures, Data Flow and Hybrid Architectures. Module-05 Parallel Models, Languages and Compilers: Parallel Programming Models, Parallel Languages & Compilers, Dependence Analysis and Data Arrays, Code Optimization and Scheduling, Loop Parallelization and Pipelining. Parallel Program Development and Environments: Parallel Programming Environments, Synchronization and Multi Processor Modes, Shared Variable Program Structures. Textbook: ‘Advanced Computer Architecture: Parallelism, Scalability, Programmability’, Kai Hwang & Narendra Jotwani, McGraw Hill Education, ISBN: 978-93-392-2092-1, 3rd Edition, 2016 Reference Books: 1. ‘Computer Architecture, Pipelined and Parallel Processor Design’, M.J. Flynn, Narosa Publishing, 2002. 2. ‘Parallel programming in C with MPI and OpenMP’, Michael J Quinn, Tata McGraw Hill, 2013. 3. ‘An Introduction to Parallel Computing: Design and Analysis of Algorithms’, Ananth Grama, Pearson, 2nd Edition, 2004.
- 13. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 1 Subject Code 20EVE242 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Nanoelectronics Module-01 Introduction: Overview of nanoscience and engineering. Development milestones in microfabrication and electronic industry. Moores’ law and continued miniaturization, Classification of Nanostructures, Electronic properties of atoms and solids: Isolated atom, Bonding between atoms, Giant molecular solids, Free electron models and energy bands, crystalline solids, Periodicity of crystal lattices, Electronic conduction, effects of nanometer length scale, Fabrication methods: Top down processes, Bottom up processes methods for templating the growth of nanomaterials, ordering of nanosystems (Text 1). Module-02 Characterization: Classification, Microscopic techniques, Field ion microscopy, scanning probe techniques, diffraction techniques: bulk and surface diffraction techniques, spectroscopy techniques: photon, radiofrequency, electron, surface analysis and dept profiling: electron, mass, Ion beam, Reflectometry, Techniques for property measurement: mechanical, electron, magnetic, thermal properties (Text 1). Module-03 Inorganic semiconductor nanostructures: overview of semiconductor physics. Quantum confinement in semiconductor nanostructures: quantum wells, quantum wires, quantum dots, super-lattices, band offsets, electronic density of states (Text 1). Carbon Nanostructures: Carbon molecules, Carbon Clusters, Carbon Nanotubes, application of Carbon Nanotubes (Text 2). Module-04 Fabrication techniques: requirements of ideal semiconductor, epitaxial growth of quantum wells, lithography and etching, cleaved-edge over growth, growth of vicinal substrates, strain induced dots and wires, electrostatically induced dots and wires, Quantum well width fluctuations, thermally annealed quantum wells, semiconductor nanocrystals, colloidal quantum dots, self- assembly techniques. Physical processes: modulation doping, quantum hall effect, resonant tunneling, charging effects, ballistic carrier transport, Inter band absorption, intra band absorption, Light emission processes, phonon bottleneck, quantum confined stark effect, nonlinear effects, coherence and dephasing, characterization of semiconductor nanostructures: optical electrical and structural (Text 1). Module-05 Methods of measuring properties: atomic, crystallography, microscopy, spectroscopy (Text 2). Applications: Injection lasers, quantum cascade lasers, single-photon sources, biological tagging, optical memories, coulomb blockade devices, photonic structures, QWIPs, NEMS, MEMS (Text 1).
- 14. Textbooks: 1. ‘Nanoscale Scienceand Technology’, Ed Robert Kelsall, Ian Hamley, Mark Geoghegan, John Wiley, 2007 2. ‘Introduction to Nanotechnology’, Charles P Poole, Jr, Frank J Owens, John Wiley, Copyright 2006, Reprint 2011. Reference Book: ‘Hand Book of Nanoscience Engineering and Technology’, Ed William A Goddard III, Donald W Brenner, Sergey E. Lyshevski, Gerald J Iafrate, CRC press, 2003
- 15. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 1 Subject Code 20EVE12 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title ASIC Design Module-1 Introduction to ASICs: Full custom, Semi-custom and Programmable ASICs, ASIC Design flow, ASIC cell libraries. CMOS Logic: Data path Logic Cells: Data Path Elements, Adders: Carry skip, Carry bypass, Carry save, Carry select, Conditional sum, Multiplier (Booth encoding), Data path Operators, I/O cells, Cell Compilers. Module-2 ASIC Library Design: Logical effort: Predicting Delay, Logical area and logical efficiency, Logical paths, Multi stage cells, Optimum delay and number of stages, library cell design. Programmable ASIC Logic Cells: MUX as Boolean function generators, Acted ACT: ACT 1, ACT 2 and ACT 3 Logic Modules, Xilinx LCA: XC3000 CLB, Altera FLEX and MAX, Programmable ASIC I/O Cells: Xilinx and Altera I/O Block. Module-3 Low-level design entry: Schematic entry: Hierarchical design, The cell library, Names, Schematic Icons & Symbols, Nets, Schematic Entry for ASICs, Connections, vectored instances & buses, Edit in place, attributes, Netlist screener. ASIC Construction: Physical Design, CAD Tools System partitioning, Estimating ASIC size. Partitioning: Goals and objectives, Constructive Partitioning, Iterative Partitioning Improvement, KL, FM and Look Ahead algorithms. Module-4 Floor planning and placement: Goals and objectives, Measurement of delay in Floor planning, Floor planning tools, Channel definition, I/O and Power planning and Clock planning. Placement: Goals and Objectives, Min-cut Placement algorithm, Iterative Placement Improvement, Time driven placement methods, Physical Design Flow. Module-5 Routing: Global Routing: Goals and objectives, Global Routing Methods, Global routing between blocks, Back-annotation. Detailed Routing: Goals and objectives, Measurement of Channel Density, Left-Edge Algorithm, Area-Routing Algorithms, Multilevel routing, Timing –Driven detailed routing, Final routing steps, Special Routing, Circuit extraction and DRC. Textbook ‘Application - Specific Integrated Circuits’, Michael John Sebastian Smith, Addison- Wesley Professional, 2005
- 16. 03.09.2020 Reference Books 1. ‘CMOSVLSI Design: A Circuits and Systems Perspective’, Neil H.E. Weste, David Harris and Ayan Banerjee, Addison Wesley/ Pearson education, 3rd edition, 2011 2. ‘VLSI Design: A Practical Guide for FPGA and ASIC Implementations’, Vikram Arkalgud Chandrasetty, Springer, ISBN: 978-1-4614-1119-2 , 2011 3. ‘An ASIC Low Power Primer’, Rakesh Chadha, Bhasker J , Springer, ISBN: 978-14614-4270-7
- 17. GROUP 2 Sl. No. Course CodeCourse Name 1 20ECS21 Advanced Communication Systems - 2 2 20ESP15 Digital Compression 3 20EVE21 Design of Analog and Mixed Mode VLSI Circuits 4 20ESP21 Image Processing and Machine Vision 5 20EIE15 Advanced Control System 6 20ECS15 Advanced Computer Communication Networks 7 20EVE254 High Frequency GaN Electronic Devices 8 20EVE241 Advances in VLSI Design Approved Ph. D Coursework Examination Courses
- 18. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 2 Subject Code 20ECS21 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Advanced Communication Systems -2 Module-01 Synchronization – Signal Parameter estimation, Carrier Phase Estimation, Symbol Timing Recovery, Performance of ML estimators. [Text 1, Chapter 5] Fading – Large scale, small scale; Statistical characterization of multipath channels – Delay and Doppler spread, classification of multipath channels, scattering function; Binary signaling over frequency non selective Rayleigh fading channel [Text 1, Chapter 13]. Module-02 Fading Contd.: - Diversity techniques for performance improvement with binary signaling over FNS, Slow fading channels – power combining and Maximal ratio combining; Frequency selective channels – Rake receivers, Performance, Tap weight Synchronization, Application to CDMA [Text 1, Chapter 13]. Multicarrier Signalling: A brief overview of Frequency Diversity [Text 2, Sec 3.4.1, 3.4.2]. Multicarrier Communications in AWGN channel- Single carrier vs Multicarrier, OFDM, FFT Implementation, Spectral Characteristics, Power and bit allocation, Peak to Average Power Ratio, Channel Coding Considerations [Text 1, 11.2.1 to 11.2.9] and [Text 2, Sec 3.4.4]. Module-03 Capacity of wireless channel: AWGN channel capacity [Sec 5.1 All subsections], Resources of AWGN channel [5.2 All sub sections], Linear time invariant Gaussian channel [5.3 All sub sections], Capacity of Fading Channels [Sec 5.4 All subsections] [Text 2 Chapter 5]. Module-04 MIMO spatial multiplexing and channel modeling: Multiplexing capability of deterministic MIMO channels, Physical modeling of MIMO channels, Modeling of MIMO fading channels [Text 2, Chapter 7]. Module-05 MIMO capacity and multiplexing architectures: The VBLAST architecture, Fast fading MIMO channel, Capacity with CSI at receiver, Performance gains, Full CSI, Performance gains in a MIMO channel, Receiver architectures – (Linear decorrelator, Successive cancellation, Linear MMSE receiver), Information theoretic optimality, Connections with CDMA multiuser detection and ISI equalization, Slow fading MIMO channel [Sections 8.1 to 8.4, Text 2]. Textbooks: 1. ‘Digital Communications’, John G. Proakis, Masoud Salehi, Pearson Education, ISBN:978- 9332535893, 5th edition, 2014 2. ‘Fundamentals of Wireless Communication’, David Tse, Pramod Viswanath, Cambridge University Press, ISBN:0521845270, 1st edition, 2005
- 19. Reference Book: ‘Digital CommunicationSystems’, Simon Haykin, Wiley, ISBN:978-0471-64735-5, 2014
- 20. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 2 Subject Code 20ESP15 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Digital Compression Module-01 Introduction: Compression techniques, Modelling & coding, Distortion criteria, Differential Entropy, Rate Distortion Theory, Vector Spaces, Information theory, Models for sources, Coding uniquely decodable codes, Prefix codes, Kraft McMillan Inequality. Quantization: Quantization problem, Uniform Quantizer, Adaptive Quantization, Non-uniform Quantization; Entropy coded Quantization, Vector Quantization, LBG algorithm, Tree structured VQ, Structured VQ. Module-02 Differential Encoding: Basic algorithm, Prediction in DPCM, Adaptive DPCM, Delta Modulation, Speech coding–G.726, Image coding. Transform Coding: Transforms – KLT, DCT, DST, DWHT; Quantization and coding of transform coefficients, Application to Image compression – JPEG, Application to audio compression. Module-03 Sub-band Coding: Filters, Sub-band coding algorithm, Design of filter banks, Perfect reconstruction using two channel filter banks, M-band QMF filter banks, Poly-phase decomposition, Bit allocation, Speech coding– G.722, Audio coding–MPEG audio, Image compression. Module-04 Wavelet Based Compression: Wavelets, Multi resolution analysis & scaling function, Implementation using filters, Image compression–EZW, SPIHT, JPEG 2000. Analysis/Synthesis Schemes: Speech compression–LPC10, CELP, MELP. Video Compression: Motion compensation, Video signal representation, Algorithms for video conferencing & video phones–H.261, H.263, Asymmetric applications–MPEG 4, MPEG 7, Packet video. Module-05 Loss less Coding: Huffman coding, Adaptive Huffman coding, Golomb codes, Rice codes, Tunstall codes, Applications of Huffman coding, Arithmetic coding, Algorithm implementation, Applications of Arithmetic coding, Dictionary techniques–LZ77, LZ78, Applications of LZ78– JBIG, JBIG2, Predictive coding– Prediction with partial match, Burrows Wheeler Transform, Applications– CALIC, JPEG-LS. Textbook: ‘Introduction to Data Compression’, K Sayood, Harcourt India Pvt. Ltd. & Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 1996. Reference Books: 1. ‘Digital Coding of Waveforms: Principles and Applications to Speech and Video’, N Jayant and P
- 21. Noll, Prentice Hall,USA, 1984. 2. ‘Data Compression: The Complete Reference’, D Salomon, Springer, 2000. 3. ‘Fundamentals of Multimedia’, Z Li and M S Drew, Pearson Education (Asia) Pvt. Ltd., 2004.
- 22. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 2 Subject Code 20EVE21 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Design of Analog and Mixed Mode VLSI Circuits Module-1 Basic MOS Device Physics: General considerations, MOS I/V Characteristics, second order effects, MOS device models. Single stage Amplifier: Basic Concepts, Common Source stage (Text 1) Module-2 Single stage Amplifier: Source follower, common-gate stage, Cascode Stage, choice of device models. Differential Amplifiers: Single ended and differential operation, Basic differential pair, Common mode response, Differential pair with MOS loads, Gilbert cell (Text 1) Module-3 Passive and Active Current Mirrors: Basic current mirrors, Cascode Current mirrors, Active Current mirrors. Operational Amplifiers (part-1): General Considerations, One Stage OP-Amp, Two Stage OP-Amp, Gain boosting (Text 1) Module-4 Operational Amplifiers (part-2): Common Mode Feedback, Slew rate, Power Supply Rejection. Phase Locked Loops: Simple PLL, Charge pump PLLs, Non-ideal effects in PLLs, Delay-Locked Loops, Applications (Text 1) Module-5 Data Converter Architectures: DAC & ADC Specifications, Current Steering DAC, Charge Scaling DAC, Cyclic DAC, Pipeline DAC, Flash ADC, Pipeline ADC, Integrating ADC, Successive Approximation ADC (Text 2) Textbook 1. ‘Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits’, Behzad Razavi, TMH, 2007 2. ‘CMOS Circuit Design, Layout, and Simulation ‘, R. Jacob Baker, Wiley, Second Edition Reference Book ‘CMOS Analog Circuit Design’, Phillip E. Allen, Douglas R. Holberg, Oxford University Press, Second Edition
- 23. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 2 Subject Code 20ESP21 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Image Processing and Machine Vision Module-01 The image mathematical and physical background: Linearity, The Dirac distribution and convolution, Linear integral transforms, Images as linear systems, Introduction to linear integral transforms: 2D Fourier transform, Sampling and the Shannon constraint, Discrete cosine transform, Wavelet transform, Eigen-analysis, Singular value decomposition, Principal component analysis, Other orthogonal image transforms, Images as stochastic processes. Module-02 Image pre-processing: Scale in image processing, Canny edge detection, Parametric edge models, Edges in multi-spectral images, Pre-processing in frequency domain, Line detection, Corner detection, Maximally stable extremal regions, Image restoration: Degradations that are easy to restore, Inverse filtration, Wiener filtration. Module-03 Image segmentation: Threshold detection methods, Optimal thresholding, Multi-spectral thresholding, Edge-based segmentation, Edge image thresholding, Edge relaxation, Border tracing, Border detection as graph searching, Border detection as dynamic programming, Hough transforms, Border detection using border location information, Region construction from borders, Region-based segmentation, Region merging, Region splitting, Splitting and merging, Watershed segmentation, Region growing post-processing. Matching: Matching criteria, Control strategies of matching. Evaluation issues in segmentation: Supervised evaluation, Unsupervised evaluation Module-04 Advanced segmentation: Mean Shift Segmentation, Active contour models-snakes, Traditional snakes and balloons, Extensions, Gradient vector flow snakes, Geometric deformable models-level sets and geodesic active contours, Fuzzy Connectivity, Contour-based shape representation and description: Chain codes, Simple geometric border representation, Fourier transforms of boundaries, Boundary description using segment sequences, B-spline representation, Other contour-based shape description approaches, Shape invariants. Module-05 Knowledge representation: Statistical pattern recognition, Classification principles, Classifier setting, Classifier learning, Support Vector Machines, Cluster analysis Neural nets: Feed-forward networks, Unsupervised learning, Hopfield neural nets Optimization techniques in recognition: Genetic algorithms, Simulated annealing Fuzzy systems: Fuzzy sets and fuzzy membership functions, Fuzzy set operators, Fuzzy reasoning, Fuzzy system design and training.
- 24. Textbook: ‘Image Processing, Analysis,and Machine Vision’, Milan Sonka, Vaclav Hlavac, Roger Boyle, Cengage Learning, ISBN: 978-81-315-1883-0, 2013 Reference Books: 1. ‘Computer Vision and Image Processing’, Scott E Umbaugh, Prentice Hall, 1997. 2. ‘Fundamentals of Digital Image Processing’, A K Jain, Pearson, 2004. 3. ‘Digital Image Processing’, S Jayaraman, S Esakkirajan, T Veerakumar, Tata McGraw Hill, 2011.
- 25. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 2 Subject Code 20EIE15 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Advanced Control System Module-01 Digital Control Systems: Review of Difference equations, Z – transforms and Inverse Z transforms, The Z- transfer function (Pulse transfer function), The Z -Transform Analysis of Sampled data Control Systems, The Z and S - domain relationship, Stability analysis (Jury’s Stability Test and Bilinear Transformation) (Text 1, Text 2). Module-02 State Models & Solution of State equations: State models for Linear Continuous Time and Linear Discrete Time systems, Diagonalization, Solution of State Equations (for both Continuous and Discrete Time systems), Relevant problems (Text 1). Module-03 State Feedback Systems: Concepts of Controllability and Observability (for both Continuous and Discrete Time systems), Pole Placement by State Feedback (for both continuous and discrete Time systems), Observer System (Full order and Reduced order observers for both Continuous and Discrete Time systems), Relevant problems (Text 1, Text 2). Module-04 Regulators: Dead beat Control by State Feedback, Optimal control problems using State Variable approach, State regulator and Output regulator, Concepts of Model Reference Adaptive Control (MRAC) (Text 1, Text 2). Module-05 Nonlinear Control Systems: Behavior of Nonlinear Systems, Common Physical Nonlinearities, Describing Function Method, Stability Analysis by Describing Function Method, Phase Plane Method, Stability Analysis by Phase Plane Method (Text 1). Text Books: 1. ‘Control Systems Engineering’, I J Nagrath & M Gopal, New Age International Publishers, Fifth edition, 2007. 2. ‘Discrete Time Control Systems’, K Ogata, 2nd edition, PHI, 2009. Reference Books: 1. ‘Modern Control Engineering’, K Ogata, PHI, 5th Edition, 2010. 2. ‘Modern Control System Theory’, M Gopal, New Age International, 2012. 3. ‘Digital Control and State Variable methods’, M Gopal, Tata McGraw Hill, 4th edition, 2012. 4. ‘Advanced Control Theory’, A Nagoorkani, RBA publications, 2006.
- 26. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 2 Subject Code 20ECS15 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Advanced Computer Communication Networks Module-01 Functional Elements and Current Practice in Networking: Networking as Resource Sharing, Analogy with the Operating System of a Computer, The Functional Elements: Multiplexing, Switching, Routing, Network Management, Traffic Controls and Timescales, Current Practice: Network Infrastructure, Networking Architectures, Telephone and ISDN Networks, X.25 and Frame Relay Networks, The Internet, Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) Networks. (Text 1) Module-02 Wireless Networks: Bits over a Wireless Network, TCP Performance over Wireless Links, Adaptive and Cross-Layer Techniques, Random Access: Aloha, S-Aloha, and CSMA/CA, Wireless Local Area Networks, Wireless Ad Hoc Networks, Link Scheduling and Network Capacity, Scheduling Constraints, Centralized Scheduling, Capacity of a WANET, Wireless Sensor Networks: An Overview. (Text 1) Module-03 Packet Processing: Addressing and Address Lookup, Addressing, Addressing in IP Networks: Subnets and Classless Inter domain Routing, Efficient Longest Prefix Matching: Level-Compressed Tries, Hardware-Based Solutions, Packet Classification Routing: Engineering Issues, Shortest Path Routing of Elastic Aggregates, Elastic Aggregates and Traffic Engineering, Optimal Routing, Algorithms for Shortest Path Routing: Dijkstra’s Algorithm, The Bellman–Ford Algorithm, Routing Protocols, Distance Vector Protocols, Link State Protocols. (Text 1) Module-04 Traffic Management: Introduction, framework for traffic management, traffic models, traffic classes, traffic scheduling (Text 3). Control of Networks: Objectives and methods of control, routing optimization in circuit and datagram networks, Queuing models in circuit and datagram networks (Text 2). Module-05 Congestion and flow control: Congestion control, Window congestion control, Rate congestion control, control problems in ATM Networks (Text 2), flow control model, flow control classification, open loop flow control, closed loop flow control (Text 3). Textbooks: 1. ‘Communication Networking: An Analytical Approach’, Anurag Kumar, D. Manjunath, Joy Kuri, Morgan Kaufmann publications, ISBN: 0-12-428751-4, 2004
- 27. 2. ‘High performancecommunication networks’, J. Walrand and P. Varaya, Harcourt Asia (Morgan Kaufmann), 2000 3. ‘An Engineering Approach to Computer Networking’, S. Keshav, Pearson Education, ISBN: 978- 81-317-1145-3, 2011 Reference Book: ‘Computer Networks’, Andrew S Tanenbaum, Pearson Education, 4th edition
- 28. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 2 Subject Code 20EVE254 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title High Frequency GaN Electronic Devices Module-1 Introduction and Overview: High Power High Frequency Transistors: A Material’s Perspective: Introduction, Johnson’s Figure of Merit, Output Power Figure of Merit 2, Achieving Mobile Carriers for Wide Band Gap Semiconductors, Low Field Mobility Considerations, Channel Temperature Considerations, Heterojunction Advantages (Chapter 2). Module-2 Isotope Engineering of GaN for Boosting Transistor Speeds: Introduction, Current Saturation, The Effect of Non-equilibrium LO Phonons is Twofold, Derivation of the Electron-LO Phonon Interaction Hamiltonian, Evaluating the Probability of Scattering into the LO Phonon Mode q, Evaluation of the Phonon Population in Each Mode, Momentum Relaxation Time, Calculating Velocity vs. Field Dependence, Analysis, “Creative Disorder”, Summary of the Theoretical Analysis, Experimental Feasibility of Introducing Isotopic Disorder in GaN HEMTs (Chapter 3). Linearity Aspects of High Power Amplification in GaN Transistors: “Creative Disorder”, Summary of the Theoretical Analysis, Experimental Feasibility of Introducing Isotopic Disorder in GaN HEMTs, Overview of Non-linearity and Its Impacts, Trade-Offs Against Other Metrics, Origins of Non-linearity in GaN HEMTs, Transconductance, Capacitance, Self-heating, Trapping, Large-Signal Modelling, Special Concerns for GaN, Available Models, Physically Derived Models, Circuit Models, Device-Level Design for Linearity, Linearizing the Transconductance Profile, BRIDGE FET Technology, Field Plate Technology, Circuit-Level Techniques for Linearity (Chapter 4). Module-3 III-Nitride Tunneling Hot Electron Transfer Amplifier (THETA): Overview of the Chapter Analysis of Hot Electron Transport and Monte Carlo Simulation, Electron Transport Scattering Mechanisms, Monte Carlo Simulation Small Signal Models for High-Frequency Performance ,Effect of Base Thickness and Doping on β, gm, Delay Component, ft, and fmax, Effect of Emitter-Base Current Density on Delay Component, ft, and fmax , Unipolar Transport in III-Nitride Alloys, Polarization-Engineered Vertical Barriers, Leakage in Vertical AlGaN/GaN Heterojunctions, Polarization-Engineered Base-Collector Barriers, Design, Growth, Fabrication, and Characterization of THETA ,Generation I: Common-Emitter Current Gain , Ga Polar THETA with Current Gain >1, N Polar THETA Hot Electron Transport in Vertical AlGaN/GaN Heterostructures, Negative Differential Resistance in III-Nitride THETA, Generation II: Current Gain > 10 in III-Nitride HETs , Emitter-Base Barrier Engineering, Current Gain Above 10 in III-Nitride HETs, Effect of Barrier Thickness on Current Gain (Chapter 5).
- 29. Module-4 Plasma-Wave Propagation inGaN and Its Applications: Electron PlasmaWaves: Physical Origin, Drude Conductivity and Distributed Models for HEMTs, Hydrodynamic Transport Equations and Non-linear Effects, Electron PlasmaWaves in GaN Experimental Demonstration, Direct Electrical Probing, Quasi-Optical Excitation, Prospective Applications, RTD-Gated HEMT (Chapter 6). Numerical Simulation of Distributed Electromagnetic and Plasma Wave Effect Devices: Hydrodynamic Modeling of the 2DEG Channel ,Electrodynamic Equations (or Maxwell’s Equation), Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) Solution, Time-Space Discretization of HD Equations, Time- Space Discretization of Maxwell’s Equation 4 Verification Using Analytical Models and Experimental Data , Model Validation Via Analytical Method , Model Validation Via Prior Measurements 5 HEMT- Based Terahertz Emitters Using PlasmaWave Instability , Modeling of HEMT-Based Terahertz Emitters, Full-Wave Hydrodynamic Modeling of Terahertz Emissions from an Short Channel HEMT [24], Dyakonov-Shur Instability, Instability Mechanism , Instability in Ungated InGaAs HEMT, Effects of Velocity Saturation and Reduced Mobility, RTD- Assisted Amplification of Plasmons in HEMTs, Full-Wave Modeling of RTD-Gated HEMT: Validation and Results, Comparison of Numerical and Analytical Solutions, Plasmon Propagation in RTD-Gated GaN/AlGaN Heterojunctions, Experimental Work for Confirmation of Plasma Modes in 2DEG Sample, Capacitively-Coupled HEMT Device, Fabrication and Measurements (Chapter 7). Module-5 Resonant Tunneling Transport in Polar III-Nitride: Introduction, Background on Resonant Tunneling Devices, III-Nitride-Based Resonant Tunneling Devices, Polar Double-Barrier Heterostructures, Molecular Beam Epitaxy of III-Nitride RTDs, GaN/AlN Resonant Tunneling Diodes, Polar RTD Model,New Tunneling Features in Polar RTDs, Polar RTD at Resonance, Polarization-Induced Threshold Voltage, Measurement of the Magnitude of the Polarization Fields,III-Nitride Resonant Tunneling Diode Oscillators, High Current-Density RTDs, III-Nitride RTD-Oscillator (Chapter 8). Fabrication and Characterization of GaN/AlN Resonant Tunneling Diodes: Introduction and Summary, Material Growth and Fabrication, GaN/AlN RTDs ,In GaAs/AlAs RTDs, Characterization, Current-Voltage Curves, GaN RTDs at Room Temperature, GaN RTDs at Cryogenic and High Temperatures, InGaAs RTDs, High Current Density GaN RTDs, High-Speed Characterization, Switching, Switching Methods, Qualification with InGaAs RTDs, GaN RTD Switching, Effect of GaN Growth Methods on Switching Speed, GaN RTD Oscillations, A Spice Model for GaN RTDs, Electroluminescence, GaN RTDs, InGaAs RTDs, Explanation for EL in GaN RTDs, Explanation for EL of InGaAs RTDs, Comparison of EL in GaN and InGaAs RTDs, Estimate of Quantum Efficiency in GaN RTDs (Chapter 9).) Text Book: ‘High-Frequency GaN Electronic Device’, Editors: Patrick Fay, Debdeep Jena, Paul Maki, Springer International Publishing, 2020
- 30. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 2 Subject Code 20EVE241 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Advances in VLSI Design Module-1 Implementation Strategies For Digital ICS: Introduction, From Custom to Semicustom and Structured Array Design Approaches, Custom Circuit Design, Cell-Based Design Methodology, Standard Cell, Compiled Cells, Macrocells, Megacells and Intellectual Property, Semi-Custom Design Flow, Array-Based Implementation Approaches, Pre-diffused (or Mask-Programmable) Arrays, Pre- wired Arrays, Perspective-The Implementation Platform of the Future. Module-2 Coping With Interconnect: Introduction, Capacitive Parasitics, Capacitance and Reliability-Cross Talk, Capacitance and Performance in CMOS, Resistive Parasitics, Resistance and Reliability-Ohmic Voltage Drop, Electromigration, Resistance and Performance-RC Delay, Inductive Parasitics, Inductance and Reliability-Voltage Drop, Inductance and Performance-Transmission Line Effects, Advanced Interconnect Techniques, Reduced-Swing Circuits, Current-Mode Transmission Techniques, Perspective: Networks-on-a-Chip. Module-3 Timing Issues In Digital Circuits: Introduction, Timing Classification of Digital Systems, Synchronous Interconnect, Mesochronous interconnect, Plesiochronous Interconnect, Asynchronous Interconnect, Synchronous Design — An In-depth Perspective, Synchronous Timing Basics, Sources of Skew and Jitter, Clock-Distribution Techniques, Latch-Base Clocking, Self-Timed Circuit Design, Self-Timed Logic - An Asynchronous Technique, Completion-Signal Generation, Self-Timed Signaling, Practical Examples of Self-Timed Logic, Synchronizers and Arbiters, Synchronizers-Concept and Implementation, Arbiters, Clock Synthesis and Synchronization Using a Phase-Locked Loop, Basic Concept, Building Blocks of a PLL. Module-4 Designing Memory and Array Structures: Introduction, Memory Classification, Memory Architectures and Building Blocks, The Memory Core, Read-Only Memories, Nonvolatile Read-Write Memories, Read-Write Memories (RAM), Contents-Addressable or Associative Memory (CAM), Memory Peripheral Circuitry, The Address Decoders, Sense Amplifiers, Voltage References, Drivers/ Buffers, Timing and Control. Module-5 Designing Memory and Array Structures: Memory Reliability and Yield, Signal-to-Noise Ratio, Memory yield, Power Dissipation in Memories, Sources of Power Dissipation in Memories, Partitioning of the memory, Addressing the Active Power Dissipation, Data retention dissipation, Case Studies in Memory Design: The Programmable Logic Array (PLA), A 4 Mbit SRAM, A 1 Gbit NAND Flash Memory, Perspective: Semiconductor Memory Trends and Evolutions.
- 31. Textbook ‘Digital Integrated Circuits-ADesign Perspective’,Jan M Rabey, Anantha Chandrakasan, Borivoje Nikolic, PHI, 2nd Edition Reference Books 1. ‘Application Specific Integrated circuits’, M. Smith, Addison Wesley, 1997 2. ‘VLSI Test Principles and Architectures’, Wang, Wu and Wen, Morgan Kaufmann, 2006 3. ‘MOS ICs: From Basics to ASICs’, H. Veendrick, Wiley-VCH, 1992
- 32. Sl. No. Course Code CourseName 1 20ECS23 Error Control Coding 2 20ESP321 Array Signal Processing 3 20EIE251 Automotive Electronics 4 20EVE321 Machine Learning in VLSI CAD 5 20EIE21 Process Control Instrumentation 6 20ECS243 Cryptography and Network Security 7 20ELD253 Micro Electro Mechanical Systems 8 20EVE251 Low Power VLSI Design GROUP 3 Approved Ph. D Coursework Examination Courses
- 33. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 3 Subject Code 20ECS23 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Error Control Coding Module-01 Information theory: Introduction, Entropy, Source coding theorem, discrete memoryless channel, Mutual Information, Channel Capacity Channel coding theorem (Chap. 5 of Text 1). Introduction to algebra: Groups, Fields, binary field arithmetic, Construction of Galois Fields GF (2m) and its properties, (Only statements of theorems without proof) Computation using Galois field GF (2m) arithmetic, Vector spaces and Matrices (Chap. 2 of Text 2). Module-02 Linear block codes: Generator and parity check matrices, Encoding circuits, Syndrome and error detection, Minimum distance considerations, Error detecting and error correcting capabilities, Standard array and syndrome decoding, Single Parity Check Codes (SPC), Repetition codes, Self dual codes, Hamming codes, Reed-Muller codes. Product codes and Interleaved codes (Chap. 3 of Text 2). Module-03 Cyclic codes: Introduction, Generator and parity check polynomials, Encoding of cyclic codes, Syndrome computing and error detection, Decoding of cyclic codes, Error trapping Decoding, Cyclic hamming codes, Shortened cyclic codes (Chap. 4 of Text 2). Module-04 BCH codes: Binary primitive BCH codes, Decoding procedures, Implementation of Galois field arithmetic. (6.1, 6.2, 6.7 of Text 2) Primitive BCH codes over GF (q), Reed -Solomon codes (7.2, 7.3 of Text 2). Majority Logic decodable codes: One -step majority logic decoding, Multiple-step majority logic (8.1, 8.4 of Text 2). Module-05 Convolution codes: Encoding of convolutional codes: Systematic and Nonsystematic Convolutional Codes, Feedforward encoder inverse, A catastrophic encoder, Structural properties of convolutional codes: state diagram, state table, state transition table, tree diagram, trellis diagram. Viterbi algorithm, Sequential decoding: Log Likelihood Metric for Sequential Decoding (11.1,11.2, 12.1,13.1 of Text 2). Textbooks: 1. ‘Digital Communication systems’, Simon Haykin, Wiley India Private. Ltd, ISBN 978-81-265- 4231-4, First edition, 2014 2. ‘Error control coding’, Shu Lin and Daniel J. Costello. Jr, Pearson, Prentice Hall, 2nd edition, 2004 Reference Books: 1. ‘Theory and practice of error control codes’, Blahut. R. E, Addison Wesley, 1984
- 34. 2. ‘Introduction toError control coding’, Salvatore Gravano, Oxford University Press, 2007 3. ‘Digital Communications - Fundamentals and Applications’, Bernard Sklar, Pearson Education (Asia) Pvt. Ltd., 2nd Edition, 2001
- 35. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 3 Subject Code 20ESP321 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Array Signal Processing Module-01 Spatial Signals: Signals in space and time, Spatial Frequency vs Temporal Frequency, Review of Co- ordinate Systems, Maxwell’s Equation, Wave Equation. Solution to Wave equation in Cartesian Co- ordinate system –Wave number vector, Slowness vector. Module-02 Wave number-Frequency Space Spatial Sampling: Spatial Sampling Theorem-Nyquist Criteria, Aliasing in Spatial frequency domain, Spatial sampling of multidimensional signals. Module-03 Sensor Arrays: Linear Arrays, Planar Arrays, Frequency – Wave number Response and Beam pattern, Array manifold vector, Conventional Beam former, Narrowband beam former. Module-04 Uniform Linear Arrays: Beam pattern in θ, u and ψ -space, Uniformly Weighted Linear Arrays. Beam Pattern Parameters: Half Power Beam Width, Distance to First Null, Location of side lobes and Rate of Decrease, Grating Lobes, Array Steering. Module-05 Array Design Methods: Visible region, Duality between Time -Domain and Space -Domain Signal Processing, Schelkunoff’s Zero Placement Method, Fourier Series Method with windowing, Woodward -Lawson Frequency-Sampling Design. Non parametric method -Beam forming, Delay and sum Method, Capons Method. Text Book: ‘Optimum Array Processing Part IV of Detection, Estimation, and Modulation Theory’, Harry L. Van Trees, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 9780471093909, 2002. Reference Books: 1. ‘Array Signal Processing: Concepts and Techniques’, Don H. Johnson, Dan E. Dugeon, Prentice Hall Signal Processing Series, 1st Edition, ISBN-13: 978-0130485137. 2. ‘Spectral Analysis of Signals’, Petre Stoica and Randolph L. Moses, Prentice Hall, ISBN: 0-13- 113956-8, 2005. 3. ‘Electromagnetic Waves and Antennas’, Sophocles J. Orfanidis, ECE Department, Rutgers University, 94 Brett Road Piscataway, NJ 88548058. http://www.ece.rutgers.edu/~orfanidi/ewa/
- 36. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 3 Subject Code 20EIE251 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Automotive Electronics Module-01 Automotive Fundamentals, the Systems Approach to Control and Instrumentation: Use of Electronics in the Automobile, Antilock Brake Systems (ABS), Electronic steering control, Power steering, Traction control, Electronically controlled suspension (Chap.1 and 2 of Text). Module-02 Automotive instrumentation Control: Operational amplifiers, Digital circuits, Logic circuits, Microcomputer fundamentals, Microcomputer operations, Microprocessor architecture, digital to analog converter, analog to digital converter, Microcomputer applications in automotive systems, Instrumentation applications of microcomputers, Microcomputer in control systems (Chap.3 and 4 of Text). Module-03 The basics of Electronic Engine control: Integrated body: Climate controls, Motivation for Electronic Engine Control, Concept of An Electronic Engine Control System, Definition of General Terms, Definition of Engine Performance Terms, Electronic fuel control system, Engine control sequence, Electronic Ignition, Sensors and Actuators, Applications of sensors and actuators, air flow rate sensor, Indirect measurement of mass air flow, Engine crankshaft angular position sensor, Automotive engine control actuators, Digital engine control, Engine speed sensor, Timing sensor for ignition and fuel delivery, Electronic ignition control systems, Safety systems, Interior safety, Lighting, Entertainment systems (Chap. 5 and 6 of Text). Module-04 Vehicle Motion Control and Automotive diagnostics: Cruise control system, Digital cruise control, Timing light, Engine analyzer, On-board and off-board diagnostics, Expert systems. Stepper motor-based actuator, Cruise control electronics, Vacuum - antilock braking system, Electronic suspension system, Electronic steering control, Computer-based instrumentation system, Sampling and Inputoutput signal conversion, Fuel quantity measurement, Coolant temperature measurement, Oil pressure measurement, Vehicle speed measurement, Display devices, Trip- Information-Computer, Occupant protection systems (Chap. 8 and 10 of Text). Module-05 Future automotive electronic systems: Alternative Fuel Engines, Collision Wide Range Air/Fuel Sensor, Alternative Engine, Low Tire Pressure Warning System, Collision avoidance Radar Warning Systems, Low Tire Pressure Warning System, Radio Navigation, Advance Driver information System. Alternative-Fuel Engines, Transmission Control, Collision Avoidance Radar Warning System, Low Tire Pressure Warning System, Speech Synthesis Multiplexing in Automobiles, Control Signal Multiplexing, Navigation Sensors, Radio Navigation, Sign post Navigation, Dead Reckoning Navigation Future Technology, Voice Recognition Cell Phone Dialing Advanced Driver information System, Automatic Driving Control (Chap. 11 of Text).
- 37. Text Book: ‘Understanding AutomotiveElectronics’, William B. Ribbens, SAMS/ Elsevier publishing, 6th Edition, 1997. Reference Book: ‘Automotive Electrics and Automotive Electronics- Systems and Components, Networking and Hybrid Drive’, Robert Bosch Gmbh, Springer Verlag, 5th Edition, 2007.
- 38. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 3 Subject Code 20EVE321 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Machine Learning in VLSI CAD Module-1 A Preliminary Taxonomy for Machine Learning in VLSI CAD Machine learning taxonomy, VLSI CAD Abstraction levels (Text Book:1 – 1.1, 1.2) Machine Learning for Compact Lithographic Process Models Introduction, Lithographic Patterning Process, Representation of Lithographic Patterning Process – Mask, Imaging, Resist & Etch Transfer Function (Text Book:1 – 2.1, 2.2). Module-2 Machine Learning of Compact Lithographic Process Models (Cont.,) Compact process model machine learning problem statement, CPM Task, CPM Training Experience, Performance metrics, Supervised learning of a CPM (Text. Book:1 – 2.3) Neural Network Compact Patterning Models Neural Network Mask Transfer Function, Neural Network Image Transfer Function, Neural Network Resist Transfer Function, Neural Network Etch Transfer Function (Text. Book:1 – 2.4). Module-3 Machine Learning for Mask Synthesis Introduction, Machine Learning guided OPC, MLP Construction, ML-EPC, EPC Algorithm (Text Book:1 – 3.1, 3.2, 3.2.2.2, 3.3.2, 3.3.2.4). Machine Learning in Physical Verification Introduction, Machine Learning in Physical Verification – layout feature extraction & encoding, models for hotspot detection. (Text.Book:1 – 4.1, 4.2) Module-4 Machine Learning in Mask Synthesis and Physical Design: Machine Learning in Mask Synthesis – mask synthesis flow, Machine Learning for sub-resolution assist features, Machine Learning for optical proximity correction. Machine Learning in Physical Design - for datapath placement, routability driven placement, clock optimization, lithography friendly routing (Text Book: 1 – 4.3, 4.4). Machine Learning for Manufacturing Gaussian Process-Based Wafer-Level Correlation Modeling and Its Applications (Text Book: 1 – 5.1).
- 39. Module-5 Machine Learning forYield and Reliability: High-volume manufacturing yield estimation – Histogram with random sampling, Histogram with GP-ST-PS, Kernel density estimation. (Text Book: 1 – 5.2.11). Machine learning based aging analysis (Text Book: 1 – 9.1). Learning from limited data in VLSI CAD, Iterative feature search (Text Book: 1 – 13.1, 13.2). Comparative study of Assertion mining algorithms in GoldMine (Text Book: 1 – 20.1). Textbook ‘Machine Learning in VLSI Computer Aided Design’, Editors: Ibrahim (Abe) M Elfadel, Duane S Boning, Xin Li, Springer International Publishing, 2019 Reference Books 1. ‘Machine Learning’, Tom M Mitchell, McGraw-Hill, 1997 2. ‘Machine Learning’, Anuradha Srinivasaraghavan, Vincy Joseph, Wiley, 2019
- 40. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 3 Subject Code 20EIE21 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Process Control Instrumentation Module-01 Automation – Need and Benefit: Instrumentation subsystems- Structure, Signal Interface Standards, Input data reliability enhancement, Isolation and Protection, human interface subsystems - Operation panel, Construction, control subsystems – Structure, interfacing, automation strategies- Basic and advanced strategies. Module-02 Data Acquisition and Control Unit: Hardware and Software- Basic modules, functional modules, DACU capacity expansion, system cables, Integrated assemblies, DACU construction, Data exchange on bus, Software structure, application programming, Programmable control subsystems. Module-03 Data Communication and Networking: Communication network, signal and data transmission, Data communication protocol, Inter process communication, cyber security, Safe and redundant network. Module-04 Fieldbus Technology & Safety Systems: Centralized, remote- input-output, Field bus- input- output, communication, device integration, Other networks. Safety systems introduction, Process and Machine safety management. Module-05 Management and Information Technology in Industrial Processes: Introduction, Classification of industrial processes, Manufacturing and utility processes, industrial robotics, operation technology and IT, before and after convergence, ISA 95 standard, new developments. Textbook: ‘Overview of Industrial Process Automation’, K L S Sharma, 2nd edition, ELSEVIER, 2016.
- 41. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 3 Subject Code 20ECS243 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Cryptography and Network Security Module-01 Foundations: Terminology, Steganography, substitution ciphers and transpositions ciphers, Simple XOR, One-Time Pads, Computer Algorithms (Text 2: Chapter 1: Section 1.1 to 1.6). SYMMETRIC CIPHERS: Traditional Block Cipher structure, Data encryption standard (DES), The AES Cipher. (Text 1: Chapter 2: Section2.1, 2.2, Chapter 4). Module-02 Introduction to modular arithmetic, Prime Numbers, Fermat’s and Euler’s theorem, primality testing, Chinese Remainder theorem, discrete logarithm. (Text 1: Chapter 7: Section 1, 2, 3, 4, 5). Principles of Public-Key Cryptosystems, The RSA algorithm, Diffie - Hellman Key Exchange, Elliptic Curve Arithmetic, Elliptic Curve Cryptography (Text 1: Chapter 8, Chapter 9: Section 9.1, 9.3, 9.4). Module-03 Pseudo-Random-Sequence Generators and Stream Ciphers: Linear Congruential Generators, Linear Feedback Shift Registers, Design and analysis of stream ciphers, Stream ciphers using LFSRs, A5, Hughes XPD/KPD, Nanoteq, Rambutan, Additive generators, Gifford, Algorithm M, PKZIP (Text 2: Chapter 16). Module-04 One-Way Hash Functions: Background, Snefru, N-Hash, MD4, MD5, Secure Hash Algorithm [SHA], One way hash functions using symmetric block algorithms, Using public key algorithms, Choosing a one-way hash functions, Message Authentication Codes. Digital Signature Algorithm, Discrete Logarithm Signature Scheme (Text 2: Chapter 18: Section 18.1 to 18.5, 18.7, 18.11 to 18.14 and Chapter 20: Section 20.1, 20.4). Module-05 E-mail Security: Pretty Good Privacy-S/MIME (Text 1: Chapter 17: Section 17.1, 17.2). IP Security: IP Security Overview, IP Security Policy, Encapsulation Security Payload (ESP), Combining security Associations. (Text 1: Chapter 18: Section 18.1 to 18.4). Web Security: Web Security Considerations, SSL (Text 1: Chapter 15: Section 15.1, 15.2). Textbooks: 1. ‘Cryptography and Network Security Principles and Practice’, William Stallings, Pearson Education Inc., ISBN: 978-93325-1877-3, 6th Edition, 2014 2. ‘Applied Cryptography Protocols, Algorithms, and Source code in C’, Bruce Schneier, Wiley Publications ISBN: 9971-51348-X, 2nd Edition Reference Books: 1. ‘Cryptography and Network Security’, Behrouz A. Forouzan, TMH, 2007 2. ‘Cryptography and Network Security’, Atul Kahate, TMH, 2003
- 42. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 3 Subject Code 20ELD253 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Micro Electro Mechanical Systems Module-01 Overview of MEMS and Microsystems: MEMS and Microsystem, Typical MEMS and Microsystems Products, Evolution of Microfabrication, Microsystems and Microelectronics, Multidisciplinary Nature of Microsystems, Miniaturization. Applications and Markets. Module-02 Working Principles of Microsystems: Introduction, Microsensors, Microactuation, MEMS with Microactuators, Microaccelerometers, Microfluidics. Engineering Science for Microsystems Design and Fabrication: Introduction, Atomic Structure of Matters, Ions and Ionization, Molecular Theory of Matter and Inter-molecular Forces, Doping of Semiconductors, The Diffusion Process, Plasma Physics, Electrochemistry. Module-03 Engineering Mechanics for Microsystems Design: Introduction, Static Bending of Thin Plates, Mechanical Vibration, Thermomechanics, Fracture Mechanics, Thin Film Mechanics, Overview on Finite Element Stress Analysis. Module-04 Scaling Laws in Miniaturization: Introduction, Scaling in Geometry, Scaling in Rigid-Body Dynamics, Scaling in Electrostatic Forces, Scaling of Electromagnetic Forces, Scaling in Electricity, Scaling in Fluid Mechanics, Scaling in Heat Transfer. Module-05 Overview of Micro-manufacturing: Introduction, Bulk Micro-manufacturing, Surface Micromachining, The LIGA Process, Summary on Micromanufacturing. Microsystem Design: Introduction, Design Considerations, Process Design, Mechanical Design, Using Finite Element Method. Text Book: ‘MEMS and Micro systems: Design, Manufacture and Nanoscale Engineering’, Tai-Ran Hsu, John Wiley & Sons, ISBN: 978-0470-08301-7, 2nd Edition, 2008 Reference Books: 1. ‘Micro and Nano Fabrication: Tools and Processes’, Hans H. Gatzen, Volker Saile, Jurg Leuthold, Springer, 2015 2. ‘Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS)’, Dilip Kumar Bhattacharya, Brajesh Kumar Kaushik, Cengage Learning.
- 43. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 3 Subject Code 20EVE251 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Low Power VLSI Design Module-1 Introduction: Need for low power VLSI chips, charging and discharging capacitance, short circuit current in CMOS leakage current, static current, basic principles of low power design, low power figure of merits. Simulation power analysis: SPICE circuit simulation, discrete transistor modeling and analysis, gate level logic simulation, architecture level analysis, data correlation analysis in DSP systems, Monte Carlo simulation. (Text 1) Module-2 Probabilistic power analysis: Random logic signals, probability & frequency, probabilistic power analysis techniques, signal entropy. Circuit: Transistor and gate sizing, equivalent pin ordering, network restructuring and reorganization, special latches and flip flops, low power digital cell library, adjustable device threshold voltage. (Text 1) Module-3 Logic: Gate reorganization, signal gating, logic encoding, state machine encoding, pre-computation logic (Text 1). Low power Clock Distribution: Power dissipation in clock distribution, single driver Vs distributed buffers, Zero skew Vs tolerable skew, chip & package co design of clock network (Text 2). Module-4 Low power Architecture & Systems: Power & performance management, switching activity reduction, parallel architecture with voltage reduction, flow graph transformation (Text 1). Low power arithmetic components: Introduction, circuit design style, adders, multipliers, division (Text 2). Module-5 Low power memory design: Introduction, sources and reductions of power dissipation in memory subsystem, sources of power dissipation in DRAM and SRAM (Text 2). Algorithm & Architectural Level Methodologies: Introduction, design flow, Algorithmic level analysis & optimization, Architectural level estimation & synthesis (Text 2). Advanced Techniques: Adiabatic computation, pass transistor, Asynchronous circuits (Text 1). Textbooks 1. ‘Practical Low Power Digital VLSI Design’, Gary K. Yeap, Kluwer Academic, 1998 2. ‘Low Power Design Methodologies’, Jan M.Rabaey, Massoud Pedram, Kluwer Academic, 2010
- 44. Reference Books 1. ‘Low-PowerCMOS VLSI Circuit Design‘, Kaushik Roy, Sharat Prasad, Wiley, 2000 2. ‘Low power digital CMOS design’, A.P.Chandrasekaran and R.W.Broadersen, Kluwer Academic, 1995 3. ‘Low power VLSI CMOS circuit design’, A Bellamour and M I Elmasri, Kluwer Academic, 1995
- 45. GROUP 4 Sl. No. Course CodeCourse Name 1 20ECS22 Antenna Theory and Design 2 20ESP324 Speech and Audio Processing 3 20EVE252 SoC Design 4 20ESP332 Pattern Recognition & Machine Learning 5 20EIE252 Industrial Drives 6 20ELD323 Business Intelligence and its Applications 7 20EVE331 VLSI Design for Signal Processing 8 20EVE14 VLSI Testing Approved Ph. D Coursework Examination Courses
- 46. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 4 Subject Code 20ECS22 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Antenna Theory and Design Module-01 Antenna Fundamentals and Definitions: Radiation Mechanisms, Overview, EM Fundamentals, Solution of Maxwell's Equations for Radiation Problems, Ideal Dipole, Radiation patterns, Directivity and Gain, Antenna impedance, Radiation efficiency, Antenna polarization. Module-02 Arrays: Array factor for linear arrays, Uniformly excited equally spaced linear arrays, Pattern multiplication, Directivity of linear arrays, Nonuniformly excited equally spaced linear arrays, Mutual coupling. Antenna Synthesis: Formulation of the synthesis problem, Synthesis principles, Line sources shaped beam synthesis, Linear array shaped beam synthesis, Fourier series, Woodward - Lawson sampling method, Comparison of shaped beam synthesis methods, low side lobe narrow main beam synthesis methods, Dolph Chebyshev linear array, Taylor line source method. Module-03 Resonant Antennas: Wires and Patches, Dipole antenna, Yagi-Uda antennas, Micro-strip antenna. Broadband antennas: Traveling wave antennas Helical antennas, Biconical antennas, Sleeve antennas, and Principles of frequency independent antennas, Spiral antennas, and Log - periodic antennas. Module-04 Aperture antennas: Techniques for evaluating gain, Reflector antennas- Parabolic reflector antenna principles, Axi-symmetric parabolic reflector antenna, Offset parabolic reflectors, Dual reflector antennas, Gain calculations for reflector antennas, Feed antennas for reflectors, Field representations, Matching the feed to the reflector, General feed model, Feed antennas used in practice. Module-05 CEM for antennas: The method of moments: Introduction of the methods moments, Pocklington's integral equation, Integral equation and Kirchhoff’s networking equations, Source modeling weighted residual formulations and computational consideration, Calculation of antenna and scatter characteristics. Textbook: ‘Antenna Theory and Design’, Stutzman and Thiele, John Wiley, 2nd Edition, 2010 Reference Books: 1. ‘Antenna Theory Analysis and Design’, C. A. Balanis, John Wiley, 2nd Edition, 2007
- 47. 2. ‘Antennas andWave Propagation’, J. D. Krauss, McGraw Hill TMH, 4th Edition, 2010 3. ‘Antennas and propagation’, A.R.Harish, M.Sachidanada, Pearson Education, 2015
- 48. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 4 Subject Code 20ESP324 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Speech and Audio Processing Module-01 Digital Models for the Speech Signal: Process of speech production, Acoustic theory of speech production, Lossless tube models, and Digital models for speech signals (Text 1). Time Domain Models for Speech Processing: Time dependent processing of speech, Short time energy and average magnitude, Short time average zero crossing rate, Speech vs silence discrimination using energy & zero crossings, Pitch period estimation, Short time autocorrelation function, Short time average magnitude difference function, Pitch period estimation using autocorrelation function, Median smoothing (Text 1). Module-02 Digital Representations of the Speech Waveform: Sampling speech signals, Instantaneous quantization, Adaptive quantization, Differential quantization, Delta Modulation, Differential PCM, Comparison of systems, direct digital code conversion (Text 1). Short Time Fourier Analysis: Linear Filtering interpretation, Filter bank summation method, Overlap addition method, Design of digital filter banks, Implementation using FFT, Spectrographic displays, Pitch detection, Analysis by synthesis, Analysis synthesis systems (Text 1). Module-03 Homomorphic Speech Processing: Homomorphic systems for convolution, Complex cepstrum, Pitch detection, Formant estimation, Homomorphic vocoder. Linear Predictive Coding of Speech: Basic principles of linear predictive analysis, Solution of LPC equations, Prediction error signal, Frequency domain interpretation, Relation between the various speech parameters, Synthesis of speech from linear predictive parameters, Applications (Text 1). Module-04 Speech Enhancement: Spectral subtraction & filtering, Harmonic filtering, parametric re- synthesis, Adaptive noise cancellation. Speech Synthesis: Principles of speech synthesis, Synthesizer methods, Synthesis of intonation, Speech synthesis for different speakers, Speech synthesis in other languages, Evaluation, Practical speech synthesis (Text 1). Module-05 Automatic Speech Recognition: Introduction, Speech recognition vs. Speaker recognition, Signal processing and analysis methods, Pattern comparison techniques, Hidden Markov Models, Artificial Neural Networks (Text 2). Audio Processing: Auditory perception and psychoacoustics - Masking, frequency and loudness
- 49. perception, spatial perception,Digital Audio, Audio Coding - High quality, low-bitrate audio coding standards, MPEG, AC- 3, Multichannel audio - Stereo, 3D binaural and Multichannel surround sound (Text 3). Text Books: 1. ‘Digital Processing of Speech Signals’, L. R. Rabiner and R. W. Schafer, Pearson Education (Asia) Pvt. Ltd., 2004. 2. ‘Fundamentals of Speech Recognition’, L. R. Rabiner and B. Juang, Pearson Education (Asia) Pvt. Ltd., 2004. 3. ‘Fundamentals of Multimedia’, Z. Li and M.S. Drew, Pearson Education (Asia) Pvt. Ltd., 2004. Reference Book: ‘Speech Communications: Human and Machine’, D. O’Shaughnessy, Universities Press, 2001.
- 50. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 4 Subject Code 20EVE252 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title SoC Design Module-1 ARM Organization and Implementation: 3-stage pipeline ARM organization, 5-stage pipeline ARM organization, ARM instruction execution, ARM implementation, The ARM coprocessor interface. The ARM Instruction Set: Introduction, Exceptions, Conditional execution, Branch and Branch with Link (B, BL), Branch, Branch with Link and eXchange (BX, BLX), Software Interrupt (SWI), Data processing instructions, Multiply instructions, Count leading zeros (CLZ - architecture v5T only), Single word and unsigned byte data transfer instruction, Half-word and signed byte data transfer instructions, Multiple register transfer instructions, Swap memory and register instructions (SWP), Status register to general register transfer instructions, General register to status register transfer instructions, Coprocessor instructions, Coprocessor data operations, Coprocessor data transfers, Coprocessor register transfers, Breakpoint instruction (BRK - architecture v5T only), Unused instruction space, Memory faults, ARM architecture variants. Module-2 Architectural Support for High-Level Languages: Abstraction in software design, Data types, Floating-point data types, The ARM floating-point architecture, Expressions, Conditional statements, Loops, Functions and procedures, Use of memory, Run-time environment. Architectural Support for System Development: The ARM memory interface, The Advanced Microcontroller Bus Architecture (AMBA), The ARM reference peripheral specification, Hardware system prototyping tools, The ARMulator, The JTAG boundary scan test architecture, The ARM debug architecture, Embedded Trace, Signal processing support. Module-3 ARM Processor Cores: ARM7TDMI, ARM8, ARM9TDMI, ARM10TDMI, Discussion, Example and exercises. Memory Hierarchy: Memory size and speed, On-chip memory, Caches, Cache design - an example, Memory management, Examples and exercises. Module-4 Architectural Support for Operating Systems: An introduction to operating systems, The ARM system control coprocessor, CP15 protection unit registers, ARM protection unit, CP15 MMU registers, ARM MMU architecture, Synchronization, Context switching, Input/ Output, Example and exercises. ARM CPU Cores: The ARM710T, ARM720T and ARM740T, The ARM810, The Strong ARM SA-110, The ARM920T and ARM940T, The ARM946E-S and ARM966E-S, The ARM1020E, Discussion, Example and exercises.
- 51. Module-5 Embedded ARM Applications:The VLSI Ruby II Advanced Communication Processor, The VLSI ISDN Subscriber Processor, The One C™VWS22100 GSM chip, The Ericsson-VLSI Bluetooth Baseband Controller, The ARM7500 and ARM7500FE, The ARM7100 364, The SA-1100 368, Examples and exercises. The AMULET Asynchronous ARM Processors: Self-timed design 375, AMULET1 377, AMULET2 381, AMULET2e 384, AMULET3 387, The DRACO telecommunications controller 390, A self-timed future? 396, Example and exercises. Text Book ‘ARM System-On-Chip Architecture’, Steve Furber, Addison Wesley, 2nd edition. Reference Books 1. ‘The Definitive Guide to the ARM Cortex-M3’, Joseph Yiu, Newnes, (Elsevier), 2nd edition, 2010 2. ‘On-Chip Communication Architectures: System on Chip Interconnect’, Sudeep Pasricha and Nikil Dutt, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2008 3. ‘Reuse Methodology Manual for System on Chip designs’, Michael Keating, Pierre Bricaud Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2nd edition, 2008
- 52. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 4 Subject Code 20ESP332 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Pattern Recognition & Machine Learning Module-01 Introduction: Probability Theory, Model Selection, The Curse of Dimensionality, Decision Theory, Information Theory Distributions: Binary and Multinomial Variables, The Gaussian Distribution, The Exponential Family, Nonparametric Methods (Ch. 1, 2). Module-02 Supervised Learning Linear Regression Models: Linear Basis Function Models, The Bias-Variance Decomposition, Bayesian Linear Regression, Bayesian Model Comparison Classification & Linear Discriminant Analysis: Discriminant Functions, Probabilistic Generative Models, Probabilistic Discriminative Mode (Ch. 3, 4). Module-03 Supervised Learning Kernels: Dual Representations, Constructing Kernels, Radial Basis Function Network, Gaussian Processes Support Vector Machines: Maximum Margin Classifiers, Relevance Vector Machines Neural Networks: Feed-forward Network, Network Training, Error Backpropagation (Ch. 5, 6, 7). Module-04 Unsupervised Learning Mixture Models: K-means Clustering, Mixtures of Gaussians, Maximum likelihood, EM for Gaussian mixtures, Alternative View of EM. Dimensionality Reduction: Principal Component Analysis, Factor/Component Analysis, Probabilistic PCA, Kernel PCA, Nonlinear Latent Variable Models (Ch. 9, 12). Module-05 Probabilistic Graphical Models: Bayesian Networks, Conditional Independence, Markov Random Fields, Inference in Graphical Models, Markov Model, Hidden Markov Models (Ch.8,13). Text Book: ‘Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning’, Christopher Bishop, Springer, 2006.
- 53. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 4 Subject Code 20EIE252 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Industrial Drives Module-01 An Introduction to Electrical Drives & its Applications: Electrical Drives, Advantages of Electrical Drives, Parts of Electrical Drives, Choice of Electrical Drive, Status of DC and AC Drives, Fundamental Torque Equations, Speed Torque Conventions and Multiquadrant Operation. Applications: Rolling mill drives, cement mill drives, paper mill drives and textile mill drives. Module-02 Selection of Motor Power Rating: Thermal model of motor for heating and cooling, Classes of motor duty, determination of motor rating. DC Motor Drives 1: Starting braking, transient analysis, single phase fully controlled rectifier, control of DC separately excited motor, Single-phase half controlled rectifier: control of DC separately excited motor. Module-03 DC Motor Drives 2: Three phase fully controlled rectifier: control of DC separately excited motor, three phases half controlled rectifier: control of DC separately excited motor, multiquadrant operation of DC separately excited motor fed form fully controlled rectifier. Rectifier control of DC series motor, chopper controlled DC drives, chopper control of separately excited DC motor. Chopper control of series motor. Module-04 Induction Motor Drives: Operation with unbalanced source voltage and single phasing, operation with unbalanced rotor impedances, analysis of induction motor fed from non-sinusoidal voltage supply, starting braking, transient analysis. Stator voltage control variable voltage frequency control from voltage sources, voltage source inverter control, closed loop control, current source inverter control, current regulated voltage source inverter control. Module-05 Synchronous Motor Drives: Operation form faced frequency supply, synchronous motor variable speed drives, and variable frequency control of multiple synchronous motors. Self-controlled synchronous motor drive employing load commutated thruster inverter. Text Book: ‘Fundamentals of Electrical Drives’, G K Dubey, 2nd Edition, 5th reprint, Narosa publishing house. Reference Books: 1. ‘Electrical Drives’, N K De and P K Sen, PHI, 2007. 2. ‘A First Course on Electric Drives’, S K Pillai, Wiley Eastern Ltd 1990. 3.‘Power Electronics, Devices, Circuits and Industrial Applications’, V R Moorthi, Oxford University Press, 2005.
- 54. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 4 Subject Code 20ELD323 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Business Intelligence and its Applications Module-01 Development Steps, BI Definitions, BI Decision Support Initiatives, Development Approaches, Parallel Development Tracks, BI Project Team Structure, Business Justification, Business Divers, Business Analysis Issues, Cost – Benefit Analysis, Risk Assessment, Business Case Assessment Activities, Roles Involved In These Activities, Risks of Not Performing Step, Hardware, Middleware, DBMS Platform, Non Technical Infrastructure Evaluation Module-02 Managing The BI Project, Defining And Planning The BI Project, Project Planning Activities, Roles And Risks Involved In These Activities, General Business Requirement, Project Specific Requirements, Interviewing Process. Module-03 Differences in Database Design Philosophies, Logical Database Design, Physical Database Design, Activities, Roles And Risks Involved In These Activities, Incremental Rollout, Security Management, Database Backup And Recovery. Module-04 Growth Management, Application Release Concept, Post Implementation Reviews, Release Evaluation Activities, The Information Asset and Data Valuation, Actionable Knowledge – ROI, BI Applications, The Intelligence Dashboard. Module-05 Business View of Information technology Applications: Business Enterprise excellence, Key purpose of using IT, Type of digital data, basics of enterprise reporting, BI road ahead. Text Books: 1. ‘Business Intelligence Roadmap: The Complete Project Lifecycle for Decision Support Applications’, Larissa T Moss and Shaku Atre, Addison Wesley Information Technology Series, 2003. 2. ‘Fundamentals of Business Analytics’, R N Prasad, Seema Acharya, Wiley India, 2011. Reference Books: 1. ‘Business Intelligence: The Savvy Manager's Guide’, David Loshin, Publisher: Morgan Kaufmann, ISBN 1-55860-196-4. 2. ‘Delivering Business Intelligence with Microsoft SQL Server 2005’, Brian Larson, McGraw Hill, 2006. 3. ‘Foundations of SQL Server 2008’, Lynn Langit, Business Intelligence –Apress, ISBN13: 978- 14302-3324-4, 2011.
- 55. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 4 Subject Code 20EVE331 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title VLSI Design for Signal Processing Module-1 Introduction to DSP Systems: Typical DSP Algorithms, DSP Application Demands and Scaled CMOS Technologies, Representations of DSP Algorithms. Iteration Bounds: Data flow graph Representations, loop bound and Iteration bound. Algorithms for Computing Iteration Bound, Iteration Bound of multi rate data flow graphs. Module-2 Pipelining and Parallel Processing: pipelining of FIR Digital Filters, parallel processing, Pipelining and parallel processing for low power. Retiming: Definition and Properties, Solving Systems of Inequalities, Retiming Techniques. Module-3 Unfolding: An Algorithm for Unfolding, Properties of Unfolding, Critical path, Unfolding and Retiming, Application of Unfolding. Folding: Folding Transformation, Register Minimization Techniques, Register Minimization in Folded Architectures, Folding of Multirate Systems. Module-4 Systolic Architecture Design: systolic array design Methodology, FIR systolic array, Selection of Scheduling Vector, Matrix-Matrix Multiplication and 2D systolic Array Design, Systolic Design for space representation containing Delays. Fast convolution: Cook-Toom Algorithm, Winograd Algorithm, Iterated convolution, cyclic convolution Design of fast convolution Algorithm by Inspection. Module-5 Pipelined and Parallel Recursive and Adaptive Filter: Pipeline Interleaving in Digital Filter, first order IIR digital Filter, Higher order IIR digital Filter, parallel processing for IIR filter, Combined pipelining and parallel processing for IIR Filter, Low power IIR Filter Design Using Pipelining and parallel processing, pipelined adaptive digital filter. Text Book ‘VLSI Digital Signal Processing systems, Design and implementation’, Keshab K.Parthi, Wiley, 1999 Reference Books 1. ‘Analog VLSI Signal and Information Processing’, Mohammed Isamail and Terri Fiez, Mc Graw-Hill, 1994 2. ‘VLSI and Modern Signal Processing’, S.Y. Kung, H.J. White House, T. Kailath, Prentice Hall, 1985
- 56. 3. ‘Design ofAnalog - Digital VLSI Circuits for Telecommunication and Signal Processing’, Jose E. France, Yannis Tsividis, Prentice Hall, 1994 4. ‘DSP Integrated Circuits’, Lars Wanhammar, Academic Press Series in Engineering, 1st Edition
- 57. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 4 Subject Code 20EVE14 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title VLSI Testing Module-1 Faults in digital circuits: Failures and Faults, Modeling of faults, Temporary Faults. (Text 1) Logic Simulation: Applications, Problems in simulation based design verification, types of simulation, The unknown logic values, compiled simulation, event-driven simulation, Delay models, Element evaluation, Hazard detection, Gate-level event-driven Simulation. (Text 2) Module-2 Test generation for Combinational Logic circuits: Fault Diagnosis of digital circuits, Test generation techniques for combinational circuits, Detection of multiple faults in Combinational logic circuits. (Text 1) Testable Combinational logic circuit design: The Read-Muller expansion technique, Three level OR-AND-OR design, Automatic synthesis of testable logic. (Text 1) Module-3 Testable Combinational logic circuit design: Testable design of multilevel combinational circuits, Synthesis of random pattern testable combinational circuits, Path delay fault testable combinational logic design, Testable PLA design. (Text 1) Test generation for Sequential circuits: Testing of sequential circuits as Iterative combinational circuits, state table verification, Test generation based on Circuit Structure, Functional Fault models, test Generation based on Functional Fault models. (Text 1) Module-4 Design of testable sequential circuits: Controllability and observability, Ad-Hoc design rules for improving testability, design of diagnosable sequential circuits, the scan-path technique for testable sequential circuit design, Level Sensitive Scan Design (LSSD), Random Access Scan Technique, Partial scan, testable sequential circuit design using Nonscan Techniques, Cross check, Boundary Scan. (Text 1) Module-5 Built-In Self Test: Test pattern generation for BIST, Output response analysis, Circular BIST, BIST Architectures. (Text 1) Testable Memory Design: RAM Fault Models, Test algorithms for RAMs, Detection of pattern- sensitive faults, BIST techniques for RAM chips, Test generation and BIST for embedded RAMs. (Text1) Textbooks 1. ‘Digital Circuit Testing and Testability’, Lala Parag K, New York, Academic Press, 1997 2. ‘Digital Systems Testing and Testable Design’, Abramovici M, Breuer M A and Friedman A D, Wiley, 1994
- 58. Reference Books 1. ‘Essentialof Electronic Testing for Digital, Memory and Mixed Signal Circuits’, Vishwani D Agarwal, Springer, 2002 2. ‘VLSI Test Principles and Architectures’, Wang, Wu and Wen, Morgan Kaufmann, 2006
- 59. GROUP 5 Sl. No. Course CodeCourse Name 1 20ECS244 Optical Communication and Networking 2 20ESP31 Adaptive Signal Processing 3 20EVE322 CMOS RF Circuit Design 4 20SCS322 Virtual Reality 5 20EIE331 Advanced Power Electronic Converters and Applications 6 20ECS241 Wireless Sensor Networks 7 20EVE244 Reconfigurable Computing 8 20EVE23 System Verilog Approved Ph. D Coursework Examination Courses
- 60. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 5 Subject Code 20ECS244 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Optical Communication and Networking Module-01 Introduction to optical networks: Optical Networks, optical packet switching, Propagation of signals in optical fiber: Different losses, Nonlinear effects, Solitons. Optical Components (Part- 1): Couplers, Isolators and Circulators (1.3, 1.6, 2.1 up to 2.6, 3.1, 3.2 of Text). Module-02 Optical Components (Part-2): Multiplexers and Filters, Optical Amplifiers, detectors. Modulation - Demodulation: Formats, Ideal receivers, Practical direct detection receivers, Optical preamplifiers, Bit error rates, Coherent detection (3.3, 3.4, 3.6, 4.1, 4.4.1, 4.4.2, 4.4.5, 4.4.6, 4.4.7 of Text). Module-03 Transmission System Engineering: System model, Power penalty, Transmitter, Receiver, Crosstalk. Client Layers of optical layer: SONET/SDH: Multiplexing, layers, Frame structure. Asynchronous Transfer Mode: ATM functions, Adaptation layers, Quality of Service (QoS) and flow control, Signaling and Routing (5.1 up to 5.4, 5.6, 6(introduction), 6.1(introduction), 6.1.1, 6.1.3, 6.1.4, J.1 up to J.5 of Text). Module-04 WDM network elements: Optical line terminals, Optical line amplifiers, Optical Add/ Drop Multiplexers, Optical cross connects. WDM Network Design: Cost trade-offs, LTD and RWA problems, Routing and wavelength assignment, Wavelength conversion (Chapter 7 (full), 10 (introduction), 10.1, 10.2 of Text). Module-05 Control and Management (Part-1): Network management functions, management framework, Information model, management protocols, Layers within optical layer. Control and Management (Part-2): Performance and fault management, Impact of transparency, BER measurement, Optical trace, Alarm management, Configuration management, Optical Safety (8(introduction), 8.1, 8.3, 8.5 (introduction), 8.5.1 up to 8.5.4, 8.6, 8.7 of Text). Text Book: ‘Optical Networks’, Rajiv Ramaswami, Kumar N. Sivarajan and Galan H Sasaki, Morgan Kaufman Publishers, 3rd edition, 2010. Reference Books: 1. ‘Optical fiber communication’, John M. Senior, Pearson edition, 2000. 2. ‘Optical fiber Communication’, Gerd Keiser, John Wiley, New York, 5th Edition, 2017. 3. ‘Fiber Optic Networks’, P. E. Green, Prentice Hall, 1994.
- 61. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 5 Subject Code 20ESP31 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Adaptive Signal Processing Module-01 Adaptive systems: Definitions and characteristics - applications - properties-examples - adaptive linear combiner input signal and weight vectors - performance function-gradient and minimum mean square error - introduction to filtering-smoothing and prediction - linear optimum filtering- orthogonality - Wiener – Hopf equation performance Surface. Module-02 Searching performance surface-stability and rate of convergence: learning curve-gradient search - Newton's method - method of steepest descent - comparison - gradient estimation - performance penalty - variance - excess MSE and time constants – mis adjustments. Module-03 LMS algorithm convergence of weight vector: LMS/Newton algorithm - properties - sequential regression algorithm – adaptive recursive filters - random-search algorithms - lattice structure - adaptive filters with orthogonal signals. Module-04 Applications-adaptive modeling: Multipath communication channel, geophysical exploration, FIR digital filter synthesis. Module-05 Applications: inverse adaptive modelling, deconvolution and equalization, General Description of Inverse Modeling, Adaptive Equalization of Telephone Channels, Adapting Poles and Zeros for IIR Digital Filter Synthesis. Text Book: ‘Adaptive Signal Processing’, Bernard Widrow and Samuel D Stearns, Pearson Education, 2005. Reference Books: 1. ‘Theory and Design of Adaptive Filters’, John R Treichler, C Richard Johnson, Michael G Larimore, Prentice-Hall of India, 2002 2. ‘Adaptive Signal Processing-Theory and Application’, S Thomas Alexander, Springer-Verlag. 3. ‘Statistical and Adaptive Signal Processing’, D. G. Manolakis, V. K. Ingle and S. M. Kogar, McGraw Hill International Edition, 2000. 4. ‘Adaptive Filter Theory’, Simon Haykin, Pearson Education, 2003.
- 62. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 5 Subject Code 20EVE322 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title CMOS RF Circuit Design Module-1 Introduction to RF Design, Wireless Technology and Basic Concepts: A wireless world, RF design is challenging, The big picture. General considerations, Effects of Nonlinearity, Noise, Sensitivity and dynamic range, Passive impedance transformation. Scattering parameters, Analysis of nonlinear dynamic systems, conversion of gains and distortion Module-2 Communication Concepts: General concepts, analog modulation, digital modulation, spectral re- growth, coherent and non-coherent detection, Mobile RF communications, Multiple access techniques, Wireless standards, Appendix 1: Differential phase shift keying. Module-3 Transceiver Architecture: General considerations, Receiver architecture, Transmitter architectures, Direct conversion and two-step transmitters, RF testing for heterodyne, Homodyne, Image reject, Direct IF and sub sampled receivers. Module-4 Low Noise Amplifiers and Mixers: General considerations, Problem of input matching, LNA topologies: common-source stage with inductive load, common-source stage with resistive feedback. Mixers-General considerations, passive down conversion mixers, Various mixers- working and implementation. Module-5 VCO and PLLs- Oscillators- Basic topologies VCO and definition of phase noise, Noise power and trade off. Resonator VCO designs, Quadrature and single sideband generators. Radio frequency Synthesizers- PLLS, Various RF synthesizer architectures and frequency dividers, Power Amplifier design. Textbook ‘RF Microelectronics’, B. Razavi, PHI, second edition Reference Books 1. ‘CMOS Circuit Design, layout and Simulation’, R. Jacob Baker, H.W. Li, D.E. Boyce, PHI,1998 2. ‘Design of CMOS RF Integrated Circuits’, Thomas H. Lee, Cambridge University press, 1998 3. ‘Mixed Analog and Digital Devices and Technology’, Y.P. Tsividis, TMH, 1996
- 63. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 5 Subject Code 20SCS322 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Virtual Reality Module-01 Definition of VR, modern experiences, historical perspective. Hardware, sensors, displays, software, virtual world generator, game engines, human senses, perceptual psychology, psychophysics. Geometric modelling, transforming rigid bodies, yaw, pitch, roll, axis-angle representation, quaternions, 3D rotation inverses and conversions, homogeneous transforms, transforms to displays, look-at and eye transforms, canonical view and perspective transforms, viewport transforms. Module-02 Light propagation, lenses and images, diopters, spherical aberrations, optical distortion; more lens aberrations; spectral properties; the eye as an optical system; cameras; visual displays. Parts of the human eye, photoreceptors and densities, scotopic and photopic vision, display resolution requirements, eye movements, neural vision structures, sufficient display resolution, other implications of physiology on VR. Depth perception, motion perception, vection, stroboscopic apparent motion, color perception, combining information from multiple cues and senses, implications of perception on VR. Module-03 Graphical rendering, ray tracing, shading, BRDFs, rasterization, barycentric coordinates, VR rendering problems, anti-aliasing, distortion shading, image warping (time warp), panoramic rendering. Velocities, acceleration, vestibular system, virtual world physics, simulation, collision detection, avatar motion, vection Module-04 Tracking systems, estimating rotation, IMU integration, drift errors, tilt and yaw correction, estimating position, camera-feature detection model, perspective n-point problem, sensor fusion, lighthouse approach, attached bodies, eye tracking, inverse kinematics, map building, SLAM. Remapping, locomotion, manipulation, social interaction, specialized interaction mechanisms. Module-05 Sound propagation, ear physiology, auditory perception, auditory localization; Fourier analysis; acoustic modelling, HRTFs, rendering, auralization.
- 64. Perceptual training, recommendationsfor developers, best practices, VR sickness, experimental methods that involve human subjects Touch, haptics, taste, smell, robotic interfaces, telepresence, brain-machine interfaces. Text Book ‘VIRTUAL REALITY’, http://vr.cs.uiuc.edu/book.html , Steven M. LaValle. Cambridge University Press, 2016 Reference Book ‘HANDBOOK OF VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENTS: Design, Implementation, and Applications’, Kelly S. Hale Kay M. Stanney, CRC Press, 2nd Edition, 2015
- 65. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 5 Subject Code 20EIE331 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Advanced Power Electronic Converters and Applications Module-01 Introduction to power electronics: Introduction to Power Processing, Several Applications of Power Electronics, Elements of Power Electronics. Principles of Steady State Converter Analysis: Inductor Volt-Second Balance, Capacitor Charge Balance, and the Small-Ripple Approximation, Boost Converter Example, Cuk Converter Example Estimating the Output voltage ripple and inductor current ripple in converters Containing Two-Pole Low-Pass Filter (Text 1). Module-02 Converter Dynamics and Control: AC Equivalent Circuit Modeling, The Basic AC Modeling Approach, State-Space Averaging, Circuit Averaging and Averaged Switch Modeling, The Canonical Circuit Model, Modeling the Pulse-Width Modulator, Analysis of Converter Transfer Functions, Graphical Construction of Impedances and Transfer Functions (Text 1). Module-03 Controller Design: Introduction, Effect of Negative Feedback on the Network Transfer Functions, Construction of the Important Quantities 1/(1 + T) and T/(1 + T) and the Closed-Loop Transfer Functions, Stability, The Phase Margin Test, The Relationship Between Phase Margin and Closed- Loop Damping Factor, Transient Response vs. Damping Factor, Regulator Design, Measurement of Loop Gains (Text 1). Module-04 Modern Rectifiers and Power System Harmonics: Power and Harmonics in Nonsinusoidal Systems, Pulse-Width Modulated Rectifiers. Resonant Converters: Sinusoidal Analysis of Resonant Converters with examples (Text 1). Module-05 Power supply applications: Switching DC Power Supplies, Motor drive applications: Introduction to Motor Drives, DC-Motor Drives, Residential and Industrial Applications, Electric Utility Applications (Text 2). Text Books: 1. ‘Fundamentals of Power Electronics’, Erickson and Maksimovic, 2nd Edition, Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2001. 2. ‘Power Electronics converters, Applications and Design’, M Ned Mohan, Tore Undeland and William P Robbins, John Wiley and Sons, 3rd Edition, 2002. Reference Books: 1. ‘Switching Power Supply Design’, Abraham Pressman, McGraw-Hill Publishers, 1998. 2. ‘Power Electronics Handbook’, Muhammad H. Rashid, 2nd Edition, Academic Press, 2007.
- 66. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 5 Subject Code 20ECS241 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Wireless Sensor Networks Module-01 Introduction: Sensor Mote Platforms, WSN Architecture and Protocol Stack (Chap. 1 Text 1). WSN Applications: Military Applications, Environmental Applications, Health Applications, Home Applications, Industrial Applications (Chap. 2 Text 1). Module-02 Factors Influencing WSN Design: Hardware Constraints Fault Tolerance Scalability Production Costs WSN Topology, Transmission Media, Power Consumption (Chap. 3 Text 1). Physical Layer: Physical Layer Technologies, Overview of RF Wireless Communication, Channel Coding (Error Control Coding), Modulation, Wireless Channel Effects, PHY Layer Standards (Chap. 4 of Text 1). Module-03 Medium Access Control: Challenges for MAC, CSMA Mechanism, Contention-Based Medium Access, Reservation-Based Medium Access, Hybrid Medium Access (Chap. 5 of Text 1). Network Layer: Challenges for Routing, Data-centric and Flat Architecture Protocols, Hierarchical Protocols, Geographical Routing Protocols (Chap. 7 of Text 1). Module-04 Transport Layer: Challenges for Transport Layer, Reliable MultiSegment Transport (RMST) Protocol, Pump Slowly, Fetch Quickly (PSFQ) Protocol, Congestion Detection and Avoidance (CODA) Protocol, Event-to-Sink Reliable Transport (ESRT) Protocol, GARUDA (Chap. 8 Text 1). Application Layer: Source Coding (Data Compression), Query Processing, Network Management (Chap. 9 Text 1). Module-05 Time Synchronization: Challenges for Time Synchronization, Network Time Protocol, Timing-Sync Protocol for Sensor Networks (TPSN), Reference-Broadcast Synchronization (RBS), Adaptive Clock Synchronization (ACS) (Chap. 11 of Text 1). Localization; Challenges in Localization, Ranging Techniques, Range-Based Localization Protocols, Range-Free Localization Protocols. (Chap. 12 Text 1). Textbooks: 1. ‘Wireless Sensor Networks’, Ian F. Akyildiz and Mehmet Can Vuran, John Wiley & Sons Ltd. ISBN 978-0-470-03601-3 (H/B), 2010 2. ‘Wireless Sensor Networks: Signal Processing and Communications Perspectives’, Ananthram Swami, et. al., John Wiley & Sons Ltd., ISBN 978-0470-03557-3, 2007
- 67. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 5 Subject Code 20EVE244 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Reconfigurable Computing Module-1 Introduction: History, Reconfigurable vs Processor based system, RC Architecture. Reconfigurable Logic Devices: Field Programmable Gate Array, Coarse Grained Reconfigurable Arrays. Reconfigurable Computing System: Parallel Processing on Reconfigurable Computers, A survey of Reconfigurable Computing System. (Text 1) Module-2 Languages and Compilation: Design Cycle, Languages, HDL, High Level Compilation, Low level Design flow, Debugging Reconfigurable Computing Applications. (Text 1) Module-3 Implementation: Integration, FPGA Design flow, Logic Synthesis. High Level Synthesis for Reconfigurable Devices: Modelling, Temporal Partitioning Algorithms. (Text 2) Module-4 Partial Reconfiguration Design: Partial Reconfiguration Design, Bitstream Manipulation with JBits, The modular Design flow, The Early Access Design Flow, Creating Partially Reconfigurable Designs, Partial Reconfiguration using Hansel-C Designs, Platform Design. (Text 2) Module-5 Signal Processing Applications: Reconfigurable computing for DSP, DSP application building blocks, Examples: Beamforming, Software Radio, Image and video processing, Local Neighbourhood functions, Convolution. (Text 1) System on a Programmable Chip: Introduction to SoPC, Adaptive Multiprocessing on Chip. (Text 2) Textbooks 1. ‘Reconfigurable Computing: Accelerating Computation with Field-Programmable Gate Arrays’, M. Gokhale and P. Graham, Springer, ISBN: 978-0-387-26105-8, 2005 2. ‘Introduction to Reconfigurable Computing: Architectures, Algorithms and Applications’, C. Bobda, Springer, ISBN: 978-1-4020-6088-5, 2007 Reference Books 1. ‘Practical FPGA Programming in C’, D. Pellerin and S. Thibault, Prentice-Hall, 2005 2. ‘FPGA Based System Design’, W. Wolf, Prentice-Hall, 2004 3. ‘Rapid System Prototyping with FPGAs: Accelerating the Design Process’, R. Cofer and B. Harding, Newnes, 2005
- 68. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 5 Subject Code 20EVE23 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title System Verilog Module-1 Verification Guidelines: The verification process, basic test bench functionality, directed testing, methodology basics, constrained random stimulus, randomization, functional coverage, test bench components, layered testbench. Data Types: Built in Data types, fixed and dynamic arrays, Queues, associative arrays, linked lists, array methods, choosing a storage type, creating new types with type def, creating user defined structures, type conversion, Enumerated types, constants and strings, Expression width. Module-2 Procedural Statements and Routines: Procedural statements, Tasks, Functions and void functions, Task and function overview, Routine arguments, returning from a routine, Local data storage, time values. Converting the test bench and design: Separating the test bench and design, The interface construct, Stimulus timing, Interface driving and sampling, System Verilog assertions. Module-3 Randomization: Introduction, Randomization in System Verilog, Constraint details, Solution probabilities, Valid constraints, In-line constraints, Random number functions, Common randomization problems, Iterative and array constraints, Random control, Random Number Generators. Module-4 Threads and Interprocess Communication: Working with threads, Disabling threads, Interprocess communication, Events, semaphores, Mailboxes, Building a test bench with threads and Interprocess Communication. Module-5 Functional Coverage: Coverage types, Coverage strategies, Simple coverage example, Anatomy of Cover group and Triggering a Cover group, Data sampling, Cross coverage, Generic Cover groups, Coverage options, Analyzing coverage data, measuring coverage statistics during simulation. Textbook ‘System Verilog for Verification – A guide to learning the Test bench language features’, Chris Spear’, Springer Publications, Second Edition, 2010
- 69. Reference Book ‘System Verilogfor Design- A guide to using system Verilog for Hardware design and modeling’, Stuart Sutherland, Simon Davidmann, Peter Flake Springer Publications, Second Edition, 2006
- 70. GROUP 6 Sl. No. Course CodeCourse Name 1 20ECS251 Multimedia Over Communication Links 2 20ESP251 Biomedical Signal Processing 3 20ECS331 RF and Microwave Circuit Design 4 20SCS23 Blockchain Technology 5 20ECS254 Simulation, Modelling and Analysis 6 20ECS31 LTE 4G Broadband 7 20EIE322 Medical Imaging 8 20EVE334 Long Term Reliability of VLSI Systems Approved Ph. D Coursework Examination Courses
- 71. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 6 Subject Code 20ECS251 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Multimedia Over Communication Links Module-01 Multimedia Communications: Introduction, Multimedia information representation, multimedia networks, multimedia applications, Application and networking terminology (Chap. 1 of Text1). Information Representation: Introduction, Text, Images (Chap. 2- Sections 2.2 and 2.3 of Text 1). Module-02 Information Representation: Audio and Video (Chap. 2 - Sections 2.4 and 2.5 of Text 1). Distributed multimedia systems: Introduction, main Features of a DMS, Resource management of DMS, Networking, Multimedia operating systems (Chap. 4 - Sections 4.1 to 4.5 of Text 2). Module-03 Multimedia Processing in Communication: Introduction, Perceptual coding of digital Audio signals, Transform Audio Coders, Audio Sub band Coders (Chap. 3 - Sections 3.1, 3.2, 3.6, 3.7 of Text 2). Module-04 Multimedia Communication Standards: Introduction, MPEG approach to multimedia standardization, MPEG-1, MPEG-2, Overview of MPEG-4 (Chap. 5 - Sections 5.1 to 5.4 and 5.5.1 of Text 2). Module-05 Multimedia Communication Across Networks: Packet audio/video in the network environment, Video transport across generic networks, Multimedia Transport across ATM Networks (Chap. 6 - Sections 6.1, 6.2, 6.3 of Text 2). Text Books: 1. ‘Multimedia Communications’, Fred Halsall, Pearson education, 2001, ISBN - 9788131709948. 2. ‘Multimedia Communication Systems’, K. R. Rao, Zoran S. Bojkovic, Dragorad A. Milovanovic, Pearson education, 2004. ISBN - 9788120321458. Reference Book: Ralf Steinmetz, Klara Nahrstedt, ‘Multimedia: Computing, Communications and Applications’, Pearson education, 2002, ISBN -9788177584417.
- 72. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 6 Subject Code 20ESP251 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Biomedical Signal Processing Module-01 Introduction-Genesis and significance of bio electric potentials, ECG, EEG, EMG and their monitoring and measurement, Spectral analysis. Module-02 Filtering- Digital and Analog filtering, Correlation and Estimation techniques, AR / ARMA models. Module-03 ECG-Pre-processing, Measurements of amplitude and time intervals, Classification, QRS detection, ST segment analysis, Base line wander removal, waveform recognition, morphological studies and rhythm analysis, automated diagnosis based on decision theory ECT compression, Evoked potential estimation. Module-04 EEG: Evoked responses, Epilepsy detection, Spike detection, Hjorth parameters, averaging techniques, removal of Artifacts by averaging and adaptive algorithms, pattern recognition of alpha, beta, theta and delta waves in EEG waves, sleep stages. Module-05 EMG-Wave pattern studies, bio feedback, Zero crossings, Integrated EMG. Time frequency methods and Wavelets in Biomedical Signal Processing. Textbook: ‘Biomedical Digital Signal Processing’, Willis J Tompkins, Prentice Hall of India, 1996. Reference Books: 1.‘Biomedical Signal Processing (in IV parts)’, R E Challis and RI Kitney, Medical and Biological Engg. and current computing, 1990-91. 2. Special issue on ‘Biological Signal Processing’, Proc. IEEE 1972. 3.‘Biomedical Signal Processing’, Arnon Cohen, Volumes I & II, CRC Press. 4.‘Time frequency and Wavelets in Biomedical Signal Processing’, Metin Akay, IEEE Press, 1999. Current Published literature.
- 73. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 6 Subject Code 20ECS331 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title RF and Microwave Circuit Design Module-01 Wave propagation in networks: Introduction, Reasons for using RF/Microwaves, Applications, RF Waves, RF and Microwave circuit design, Introduction to Components Basics, Analysis of Simple Circuit in Phasor Domain, RF Impedance Matching, Transmission Media, High Frequency Parameters, Formulation of S-parameters, Properties of S-Parameters, Transmission Matrix, Generalized S-parameters. Module-02 Smith chart and its Applications: Introduction, Smith Chart, Derivation of Smith Chart, Smith Chart Circular and Radial Scales, Application of Smith chart. Module-03 Basic consideration in active networks: Stability Considerations – Stability Circles, Graphical and analytical solution of stability criteria; Gain Considerations – power gain concepts, mismatch factor, input and output VSWR, Maximum gain design, unilateral figure of merit; and Noise Considerations - sources of noise, noise model of a noisy resistor, equivalent noise temperature, noise figure, noise figure of cascaded networks, constant noise figure circles. Module-04 RF/Microwave Amplifiers: Small Signal Design: Introduction, Types of amplifier, Design of different types of amplifiers RF/Microwave Frequency Conversion: Mixers: Introduction, Mixer Types, Conversion Losses for SSB Mixers, SSB versus DSB mixers, One diode mixers, Two diode Mixers. Module-05 RF/Microwave Control Circuit Design: Introduction, PN Junction Devices, Phase shifters, Digital phase shifters, Semiconductor phase shifters, PIN diode attenuators. RF and Microwave IC design: MICs, MIC materials, Types of MICs, Hybrid verses Monolithic ICs, Chip mathematics Text Book: ‘Radio Frequency and Microwave Electronics (Illustrated)’, Matthew M. Radmanesh, Pearson India, 2015. Reference Book: ‘RF circuit design theory and applications’, Reinhold Ludwig, and Pavel Bretchko, Pearson Education edition, 2004.
- 74. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 6 Subject Code 20SCS23 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Blockchain Technology Module-01 Introduction: Basic Cryptographic primitives used in Blockchain – Secure, Collison-resistant hash functions, digital signature, public key cryptosystems, zero-knowledge proof systems. Need for Distributed Record Keeping, Modelling faults and adversaries, Byzantine Generals problem, Consensus algorithms and their scalability problems, Why Nakamoto Came up with Blockchain based cryptocurrency? Module-02 Technologies Borrowed in Blockchain – hash pointers, Consensus, Byzantine Models of fault tolerance, digital cash etc. Bitcoin blockchain - Wallet - Blocks - Merkley Tree - hardness of mining – transaction verifiability - anonymity - forks - double spending - mathematical analysis of properties of Bitcoin. Bitcoin, the challenges, and solutions Module-03 Abstract Models for BLOCKCHAIN - GARAY model - RLA Model - Proof of Work (PoW) as random oracle - formal treatment of consistency, liveness and fairness - Proof of Stake (PoS) based Chains - Hybrid models (PoW + PoS).Bitcoin scripting language and their use Module-04 Ethereum - Ethereum Virtual Machine (EVM) - Wallets for Ethereum - Solidity - Smart Contracts - The Turing Completeness of Smart Contract Languages and verification challenges, Using smart contracts to enforce legal contracts, comparing Bitcoin scripting vs. Ethereum Smart Contracts. Some attacks on smart contracts Module-05 Hyperledger fabric, the plug and play platform and mechanisms in permissioned blockchain. Beyond Cryptocurrency – applications of blockchain in cyber security, integrity of information, E- Governance and other contract enforcement mechanisms. Limitations of blockchain as a technology, and myths vs. reality of blockchain technology Text Books 1. ‘Blockchain Technology: Cryptocurrency and Applications’, S. Shukla, M. Dhawan, S. Sharma, S. Venkatesan, Oxford University Press, 2019 2. ‘Bitcoin and cryptocurrency technologies: a comprehensive introduction’, Arvind Narayanan et. Al., Princeton University Press, 2016 Reference Books 1. ‘Research perspectives and challenges for Bitcoin and cryptocurrency’, Joseph Bonneau et al, SoK, IEEE Symposium on security and Privacy, 2015
- 75. 2. ‘The bitcoinbackbone protocol - analysis and applications’, J.A.Garay et al, EUROCRYPT LNCS VOl 9057, (VOL II ), pp 281-310, 2015 3. ‘Analysis of Blockchain protocol in Asynchronous networks’, R.Pass et al, EUROCRYPT, 2017 4. ‘Fruitchain, a fair blockchain’, R.Pass et al, PODC, 2017 5. ‘Blockchain: The Blockchain for Beginnings, Guild to Blockchain Technology and Blockchain Programming’, Josh Thompson, Create Space Independent Publishing Platform, 2017
- 76. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 6 Subject Code 20ECS254 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Simulation, Modelling and Analysis Module-01 Basic Simulation Modeling: Nature of simulation, Systems, Models and Simulation, Discrete- Event Simulation, Simulation of Single Server Queuing System, Simulation of inventory system, Parallel and distributed simulation and the high level architecture, Steps in sound simulation study, and Other types of simulation, Advantages and disadvantages. (1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 1.4.1, 1.4.2, 1.4.3, 1.5, 1.5.1, 1.5.2, 1.6, 1.7, 1.8, 1.9 of Text). Module-02 Review of Basic Probability and Statistics: Random Variables and their properties, Simulation Output Data and Stochastic Processes, Estimation of Means, Variances and Correlations, Confidence Intervals and Hypothesis tests for the Mean Building valid, credible and appropriately detailed simulation models: Introduction and definitions, Guidelines for determining the level of models detail, Management’s Role in the Simulation Process, Techniques for increasing model validity and credibility, Statistical procedure for comparing the real world observations and simulation output data. (4.2, 4.3, 4.4, 4.5, 5.1, 5.2, 5.4, 5.5, 5.6, 5.6.1, 5.6.2 of Text). Module-03 Selecting Input Probability Distributions: Useful probability distributions, activity I, II and III. Shifted and truncated distributions; Specifying multivariate distribution, correlations, and stochastic processes; Selecting the distribution in the absence of data, Models of arrival process. (6.2, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.8, 6.10, 6.11, 6.12 of Text). Module-04 Random Number Generators: Linear congruential Generators, Other kinds, Testing number generators. Generating the Random Variates: General approaches, Generating continuous random variates, Generating discrete random variates, Generating random vectors, and correlated random variates; Generating arrival processes. (7.2, 7.3, 7.4, 8.2, 8.3, 8.4, 8.5, 8.6 of Text). Module-05 Output data analysis for a single system: Transient and steady state behavior of a stochastic process; Types of simulations with regard to analysis; Statistical analysis for terminating simulation; Statistical analysis for steady state parameters; Statistical analysis for steady state cycle parameters; Multiple measures of performance, Time plots of important variables. (9.2, 9.3, 9.4, 9.4.1, 9.4.3, 9.5, 9.5.1, 9.5.2, 9.5.3, 9.6, 9.7, 9.8 of Text). Text Book: ‘Simulation modeling and analysis’, Averill Law, McGraw Hill, 4th edition, 2007.
- 77. Reference Books: 1. ‘Simulationmodeling and analysis with ARENA’, Tayfur Altiok and Benjamin Melamed, Elsevier, Academic press, 2007. 2. ‘Discrete event system Simulation’, Jerry Banks, Pearson, 2009 3. ‘Applied simulation modeling’, Seila Ceric and Tadikamalla, Cengage, 2009. 4. ‘Discrete event simulation’, George. S. Fishman, Springer, 2001. 5. ‘System modeling and simulation’, Frank L. Severance, Wiley, 2009.
- 78. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 6 Subject Code 20ECS31 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title LTE 4G Broadband Module-01 Evolution Beyond Release 8, LTE-Advanced for IMT-Advanced, LTE Specifications and 3GPP Structure. System Architecture Based on 3GPP SAE: Basic System Architecture Configuration with only E-UTRAN Access Network, System Architecture with E-UTRAN and Legacy 3GPP Access Networks, System Architecture with E-UTRAN and Non- 3GPP Access Networks, IMS Architecture, PCC and QoS. Module-02 Introduction to OFDMA, SC-FDMA and MIMO in LTE: LTE Multiple Access Background, OFDMA Basics, SC-FDMA Basics MIMO Basics. Physical Layer: Transport Channels and their Mapping to the Physical Channels, Modulation, Uplink User Data Transmission, Downlink User Data Transmission, Uplink Physical Layer Signaling Transmission, PRACH Structure, Downlink Physical Layer Signaling Transmission. Module-03 Physical Layer Procedures, UE Capability Classes and Supported Features, Physical Layer Measurements and Parameter Configuration. LTE Radio Protocols: Protocol Architecture, The Medium Access Control, The Radio Link Control Layer, Packet Data Convergence Protocol. Module-04 Radio Resource Control (RRC): X2 Interface Protocols Understanding the RRC ASN.1 Protocol Definition, Early UE Handling in LTE. Mobility: Mobility Management in Idle State, Intra-LTE Handovers 190, Inter-system Handovers Differences in E-UTRAN and UTRAN Mobility. Module-05 Radio Resource Management: Overview of RRM Algorithms, Admission Control and QoS Parameters, Downlink Dynamic Scheduling and Link Adaptation, Uplink Dynamic Scheduling and Link Adaptation, Interference Management and Power Settings, Discontinuous Transmission and Reception (DTX/DRX), RRC Connection Maintenance. Performance: Layer 1 Peak Bit Rates, Terminal Categories Link Level Performance, Link Budgets Spectral Efficiency Latency, LTE Reframing to GSM Spectrum Dimensioning.
- 79. Text Book: ‘LTE forUMTS Evolution to LTE-Advanced’, Harri Holma and Antti Toskala, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Second Edition - 2011, Print ISBN: 9780470660003. Reference Books: 1. ‘Fundamentals of LTE’, Arunabha Ghosh, Jun Zhang, Jeffrey G. Andrews, Rias Muhamed, Prentice Hall Communications Engineering and Emerging Technologies Series from Ted Rappaport, 1st Edition, Sept 2010. 2. ‘LTE – The UMTS Long Term Evolution; From Theory to Practice’ by Stefania Sesia, Issam Toufik, and Matthew Baker, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, 2009.
- 80. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 6 Subject Code 20EIE322 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Medical Imaging Module-01 Generation and Detection of X-Rays: X-Ray generation and X-Ray generators, Filters, Beam Restrictors and Grids, Screens, X-Ray Detectors. X-Ray Diagnostic Methods: Conventional X-Ray Radiography, Fluoroscopy, Angiography, Mammography, Xeroradiography, Image Subtraction. X-Ray Image Characteristics: Spatial Resolution, Image Noise, Image contrast. Biological Effects of Ionizing Radiation: Determination of biological effects, Short term and Long term effects. Module-02 X-Ray Tomography: Conventional Tomography, Computed Tomography - Projection function, Algorithms for Image Reconstruction, CT number, Image Artifacts. Digital Radiography: Digital Subtraction Angiography (DSA), Dual Energy Subtraction, K-Edge subtraction, 3-D Reconstruction. Recent Developments: Dynamic Spatial Reconstructor (DSR), Imatron or Fastrac Electron Beam CT. Module-03 Generation and Detection of Ultrasound: Piezoelectric effect, Ultrasonic Transducers, Transducer Beam Characteristics, Axial and Lateral resolution, Focusing and Arrays. Ultrasonic Diagnostic Methods: Pulse Echo systems - A mode, B mode, M mode and C mode, Transmission Methods, Doppler methods, Duplex Imaging. Biological Effects of Ultrasound: Acoustic phenomena at high intensity levels, Ultrasound Bioeffects. Module-04 Generation and Detection of Nuclear Emission: Nuclear Sources, Radionuclide Generators, Nuclear Radiation Detectors, Collimators. Diagnostic methods using Radiation Detector Probes: Thyroid Function test, Renal function test, Blood volume measurement. New Radio Nuclide Imaging methods: Longitudinal Section Tomography, SPECT and PET Characteristics of Radionuclide Images: Spatial Resolution, Image contrast, Image Noise. Module-05 Generation and Detection of NMR signal: The NMR Coil/Probe, The transmitter and the Receiver, Data acquisition. Magnetic Resonance Imaging methods: Spin Echo Imaging, Gradient Echo Imaging, Blood flow Imaging. Characteristics of MRI images: Spatial Resolution, Image Contrast. Imaging Safety.
- 81. Text Book: ‘Principles ofMedical Imaging’, Kirk Shung, Michael B Smith, Benjamin M W Tsui, Academic Press, 2012. Reference Books: 1. ‘Fundamentals of Medical Imaging’, Zhong Hicho and Manbir Singh, John Wiley, 1993. 2. ‘Nuclear Medicine Introductory Text’, Peter Josefell & Edwards Sydney, William Blackwell Scientific Publishers, London.
- 82. VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITYBELAGAVI PhD Coursework Courses-2020 (ELECTRONICS & COMMUNICATION) As per the regulation 2020 Group no. 6 Subject Code 20EVE334 Exam Duration 03 Hours Exam Marks 100 Subject Title Long Term Reliability of VLSI Systems Module-1 Electromigration Reliability Why Electromigration Reliability?, Why system-level EM Reliability Management? Physics- based EM Modeling, Electromigration Fundamentals, Stress based EM Modeling and stress diffusion equations, Modeling for transient EM effects and Initial stress conditions, post voiding stress and void volume evolution, compact physics based EM model for a single wire, other relevant EM models and analysis methods. (Text Book:1 – 1.1, 1.2, 2.1 up to 2.6, 2.9). Module-2 Fast EM Stress Evolution Analysis Introduction, The LTI ordinary differential equations for EM stress evolution, The presented Krylov fast EM stress analysis, Numerical results and discussions (Text. Book:1 – 3.1 up to 3.4). Module-3 EM Assessment for Power Grid Networks New power grid reliability analysis method, cross-layout temperature and thermal stress characterization, impact of across-layout temperature and thermal stress on EM. (Text.Book:1 – 7.1, 7.2, 7.4, 7.5). Module-4 Transistor Aging Effects and Reliability: Introduction, Transistor reliability in advanced technology nodes, Transistor Aging, BTI- Bias Temperature Instability, HCI – Hot Carrier Injection, Coupling models for BTI and HCI degradations, RTN – Random Telegraph Noise, TDDB – Time Dependent Dielectric Breakdown. (Text Book: 1 – 13.1, 13.2). Module-5 Aging Effects in Sequential Elements: Introduction, Background: flip flop timing analysis, process variation model, voltage droop model, Robustness analysis, reliability-aware flip-flop design (Text Book: 1 – 16.1 up to 16.4). Textbook ‘Long-Term Reliability of Nanometer VLSI Systems’, Sheldon X. D. Tan, Mehdi Baradaran Tahoori, Taeyoung Kim, Saman Kiamehr, Zeyu Sun, Shengcheng Wang, Springer International Publishing, 1st Edition, 2019, ISBN: 978-3-030-26171-9 Reference Books 1. ‘Reliability Wearout Mechanisms in Advanced CMOS Technologies’, Alvin Wayne Strong,
- 83. Rolf-Peter Vollertsen, TimothyD. Sullivan, Ernest Y. Wu, Giuseppe La Rosa, Jordi Sune, Wiley, Copyright © the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc., 2009 Print ISBN: 9780471731726 2. ‘Hot-carrier Reliability of MOS VLSI Circuits’, Yusuf Leblebici, S M Kang, Springer Science & Business Media, 1st Edition, 1993 3. ‘Fundamentals of Electromigration-Aware Integrated Circuit Design’, Matthias Thiele, Jens Lienig, Springer International Publishing, 2018