4. KEY DEMOGRAPHICS:
- Rank # 1 in Top 20 Source Countries of Foreign Born (2000)
- 369, 186 (Legal Count)
- 12.9% of New York’s Foreign Born
- 50% of Dominicans in U.S. settled in NYC
- Largest source group for Latin America
Comparable Foreign Born Populations:
China (261,551)
Jamaica (178,922)
Guyana (130,647)
Mexico (122, 550)
Source: Lobo, Arun Peter, and Joseph J. Salvo. “Population Growth and Country of Origin of Immigrants.”
Thursday, April 29, 2010
5. Foreign Born Populations Compared to the Dominican Foreign Born Population
In NYC, 2000
400,000
300,000
200,000
100,000
0
DR CHINA JAMAICA GUYANA MEXICO
Source: “Newest New Yorkers 2000” NYC Population Division.
Thursday, April 29, 2010
7. How Dominicans Come to the United States
- 60% Visa approval rate
- Plane
- Overstay their visitor’s Visa
- Fraudulent papers
- Pass Puerto Rican Natives
- Family Sponsorship
source: “Truly a Global City” (Binder, Frederick and Reimers)
Thursday, April 29, 2010
8. MAIN REASONS FOR DOMINICAN
IMMIGRATION TO US:
Political unrest Family reunification Economic unrest
Thursday, April 29, 2010
9. Timeline of Reasons for Dominican Emigration
- 1950’s &60’s - Political unrest - Middle class flees
- 1980’s &90’s - Economic unrest - skilled and
unskilled workers come
- 2000 to Present: Mostly Family reunification
Source: Foner, Nancy. “New immigrants in New York.” (2001).
Thursday, April 29, 2010
10. History of Dominican Immigration:
- 1870: U.S. develops liking for DR (wants to Annex)
- Two countries develop a financial interdependency
- As a result: Opens doors for U.S. to interfere with
Dominican Politics
- Keeps dictators in power
-Changes in 1960’s with assassination of Dominican
dictator Rafael Trujillo - immigration begins
Thursday, April 29, 2010
11. History Continued:
- Political Unrest: U.S. develops new Visa program
- Large Influx:
- 1950’s (990 registered)
- 1960’s (9330 registered)
- Migration continues to increase during the 70’s
-1980‘s + 1990‘s - turmoil hits DR economy
- Salary differential by 1991 = 13x higher in NY
- Result: Immigration quadruples
Source: Foner, Nancy. “New immigrants in New York.” (2001).
Thursday, April 29, 2010
12. DEMOGRAPHIC CHANGES:
- Expanding Dominicans population outside NYC has
reduced numbers
- 1980 to 1990: Dominicans in NYC - 73.4% to 65.1%
- 1990 to 2000: fell to 53.2%
73.4 65.1 1980-1990
1990-2000
65.1 53.2
0 38 75 113 150
(Source: Batiz, Rivera. “Dominicans in the United States.” Columbia University. (2000).)
Thursday, April 29, 2010
13. DOMINICAN SETTLEMENT IN NYC IN 2000
Residential Settlement of Persons Born in the
Dominican Republic by ZIP Code
New York City, 2000
Born in the Dominican Republic=369,186
PERSONS
10,000 or more
5,000 to 9,999
3,000 to 4,999
1,000 to 2,999
Under 1,000
Source: “Newest New Yorkers 2000” NYC Population Division.
Population Division–New York City Department of City Planning
18
Thursday, April 29, 2010
14. Foreign Born Dominican Areas of Settlement in NYC
as of 2000
16% 1%
16% 34%
34%
MANHATTAN BRONX QUEENS
BROOKLYN STATEN ISLAND
Source: “Newest New Yorkers
2000” NYC Population Division.
Thursday, April 29, 2010
15. Top Dominican Foreign Born areas of
Residence by Borough
Manhattan: (UPPER)
- Washington Heights
- Hamilton Heights
- Inwood
Queens:
- Corona
Brooklyn:
- Sunset Park
- Williamsburg
- Bushwick
Washington Heights
Bronx:
- University Heights
- Highbridge
-Morris Heights
Source: “Newest New Yorkers 2000” NYC Population Division.
Thursday, April 29, 2010
16. Age and Gender Composition of Dominican
Immigrants, NYC -2000
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Source: US Census Bureau
Thursday, April 29, 2010
17. GENDER RATIOS FOR DOMINICAN
IMMIGRANTS IN NYC- 2000
- 81.7% of population between 18 and 64
- Sex Ratio: 80 Males per 100 females
Comparison to Native New Yorkers:
- Sex Ratio: 89 Males per 100 females
- Male vs. Female - 42.7% to 52.3%
- Largest age group - 25 to 44 - 26%
Source: “Newest New Yorkers 2000” NYC Population Division.
Source: US Census Bureau
Thursday, April 29, 2010
19. EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT FOR DOMINICAN IMMIGRANTS IN NYC
AS OF 2000
- Lowest attainment in U.S.
- 43.8% graduate from high school
- 10. 6% have completed college
COMPARISON: Native born New Yorkers: 78.4% + 21.7% college grads
- 2nd Generation Dominicans do better (Measured by college graduation rate)
- 1980 - 31.7%
-1990 - 42. 8%
-2000 - 55.1%
- Despite this:
- Largest school enrollment rates of all Hispanic groups in NYC
- 111,553 Dominicans in public school system
Source: Batiz, Rivera. “Dominicans in the United States.” Columbia University. (2000).
Source: “Newest New Yorkers 2000” NYC Population Division.
Thursday, April 29, 2010
20. LANGUAGE SPOKEN AT
HOME + ENGLISH ABILITY
% Not English Proficient Dominicans in NYC (2000)
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0-12/23(/$
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Source: “Newest New Yorkers 2000” NYC Population Division.
Thursday, April 29, 2010
21. INCOME DISTRIBUTION AMONG DOMINICAN
IMMIGRANTS AND NATIVE BORN NEW YORKERS
2000:
Native Born Dominican
Average Workers Per House
1 1.1
Mean Earning for Females
16+ $45,960 $21,342
Mean Household Income $39,900 $25,300
Mean Earning for Males 16+ $60,754 $25,764
-High unemployment: 8.9%
Source: “Newest New Yorkers 2000” NYC Population Division. (2001)
Source: Foner, Nancy. “New immigrants in New York.” (2001) + Batiz, Rivera. “Dominicans in the United States.” Columbia University. (2000).
Thursday, April 29, 2010
22. OCCUPATION DISTRIBUTION OF
DOMINICAN IMMIGRANTS IN NYC 2000
- Workers concentrated in: manufacturing and wholesale/retail
- Dominant in NYC Bodegas (delis)
The Dominican Labor Force:
- Mostly young + unskilled
- 17.3% of Dominicans in U.S. have managerial, professional and technical
occupations in comparison to 45.4% of the Native Population
- As a result: earnings are substantially lower
source: “Truly a Global City” (Binder, Frederick and Reimers,1995)
Source: Foner, Nancy. “New immigrants in New York.” (2001) + Batiz, Rivera. “Dominicans in the United States.” Columbia University. (2000).
Thursday, April 29, 2010
23. POVERTY STATUS OF DOMINICAN IMMIGRANTS IN
NYC
- Highest immigrant poverty rate: 30.9%
- Native Born rate is only 21.5%
Native Born
22 Dominican Foreign Born
31
High Poverty rate strongly correlated to Female Headed Households
- In 2000 - 50% of female headed households were living in
poverty
Source: Foner, Nancy. “New immigrants in New York.” (2001) + Batiz, Rivera. “Dominicans in the United States.” Columbia University. (2000).
Thursday, April 29, 2010
24. RACIAL DIVERSITY OF DOMINICANS IMMIGRANTS
IN NYC 2000
1990 Census revealed:
- Dominicans view themselves as either mixed race (50%) or black (25%)
- Many believe white Dominicans have an economic advantage in gaining employment
In comparison Native New Yorkers are:
- 51% white
- 26.9% black
- 5% are Asian
Source: Foner, Nancy. “New immigrants in New York.” (2001).
Thursday, April 29, 2010
25. FAMILY STRUCTURE
- Average household size = 4
- Native New Yorker: 3.33
- Female is often head of home
Source: Foner, Nancy. “New immigrants in New York.” (2001)+ U.S. Census Bureau
Thursday, April 29, 2010
26. HOMEOWNERSHIP OF NATIVE NEW YORKERS AND
DOMINICAN IMMIGRANTS IN NYC COMPARED:
2000
- 8.5% of Dominican Households are owned
- 31.6% of Native New Yorkers own homes
- 38% of homes are overcrowded
- Renter-occupied housing units - 181, 345
- Majority RENT!!!
Source: US Census Bureau +“Newest New Yorkers 2000” NYC Population Division.
Thursday, April 29, 2010
27. Native New Yorkers Dominicans
Owner Occupied 28.3 8.5
Overcrowding 25.4 38
0 18 35 53 70
Source: US Census Bureau +“Newest New Yorkers 2000” NYC Population Division.
Thursday, April 29, 2010
28. CITIZENSHIP STATUS OF
DOMINICANS IN NYC
Citizenship
70
63.6 53
35
36.4
18
0
Citizen Not U.S. Citizen
Source: US Census Bureau
Thursday, April 29, 2010
29. ROLE OF STATISTICS:
Statistics reveal:
Basic demographic characteristics:
1. where the immigrants have predominantly settled
2. Population size
3. Educational attainment
Statistics cannot reveal:
- hardship in obtaining a job + the work environment
- discrimination.
- Ease of integration
Another large problem:
- Dominicans classified themselves as either black or white ethnicity while the rest classified
themselves as Dominican.
Thursday, April 29, 2010
