The document discusses espionage activities carried out by diplomatic agents and how they are handled. It provides examples of Chinese diplomats expelled from the US in 2019 for suspected espionage after entering a military base without permission. While diplomatic representatives can submit reports on conditions in the receiving country per the Vienna Convention, collecting sensitive information illegally or using local residents as confidential information sources cannot be justified. The document also discusses how persona non grata status is a common response under the Vienna Convention when diplomatic problems occur, but it can negatively impact diplomatic relations and potentially increase tensions between countries.