This document discusses skills needed for landscape maintenance technicians, how to estimate landscape maintenance costs, and advantages and disadvantages of using computer spreadsheets for a landscape business. It identifies key skills like plant identification, irrigation system maintenance, and safe equipment operation. It describes using an estimate sheet to calculate job, overhead, and contingency costs, and adding a 20% profit to determine total project cost. Computer spreadsheets can save time on calculations, provide a professional appearance, and allow cost comparisons, but training and software/equipment costs are disadvantages.
This document provides an overview of study skills and soil science topics. It discusses active learning approaches like seeking new strategies and sharing ideas. It also covers mind mapping basics such as using a visual hierarchy with color and images to make connections. Key plant nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are explained in terms of their effects on growth in normal quantities and deficiency. Relative humidity and how it is impacted by air temperature is defined. The law of limiting factors is introduced and applied to explain variations in photosynthesis and respiration rates.
This document outlines the introduction to a 6-week course on garden design. It discusses conducting a site appraisal and identifying user requirements for the initial design stages. Learners will keep design notebooks, collect images, and complete weekly practical tasks. The document explains that the initial focus is on the functional use of space before choosing plants. It also outlines identifying existing site features, limitations, and learning objectives related to site inventory components, user requirements, and limitations to the design process.
Introduction to garden planning and design session 4vikkis
This document discusses garden design techniques including using design grids and theme drawings to plan layouts. It describes how to draw concept designs and theme drawings on tracing paper over scale plans to divide spaces and locate uses. Two techniques for visualizing vertical elements are described. Hard landscaping materials are discussed in relation to style, budget, maintenance and design principles. Specific materials like stone, gravel and pavers are examined along with how their properties suit different garden styles and the importance of budgeting for installation and long-term costs.
The document provides an introduction to the role of quantity surveyors in construction projects. It discusses that quantity surveyors are responsible for financial aspects of construction and provide various services throughout a project, including preparing initial budgets and cost estimates, tender documents, valuations of work, and final accounts. It also describes the different stages of a project where quantity surveyors are involved, such as pre-tender, tender, and post-tender stages, and the tasks performed during each stage.
This document discusses various methods of construction cost estimation, including preliminary estimates, plinth area method, cubical contents method, unit base method, abstract estimates, detailed estimates, bottom up method, and square foot estimates. It also discusses factors that influence specification, rate analysis, and final estimates. Preliminary estimates provide early project costs but have low accuracy of 20-30%. Detailed estimates use quantities, rates, and specifications to determine costs more accurately. The bottom up method aggregates task estimates to determine total project costs.
This document provides approximate estimates for flyovers constructed at four different locations. It summarizes the key details of each flyover project such as location, client, contractor, scope of work, cost, duration, progress, resources used, and per meter cost. The average cost per meter of the flyovers according to the estimates given is Rs. 5,37,635.
This document discusses skills needed for landscape maintenance technicians, how to estimate landscape maintenance costs, and advantages and disadvantages of using computer spreadsheets for a landscape business. It identifies key skills like plant identification, irrigation system maintenance, and safe equipment operation. It describes using an estimate sheet to calculate job, overhead, and contingency costs, and adding a 20% profit to determine total project cost. Computer spreadsheets can save time on calculations, provide a professional appearance, and allow cost comparisons, but training and software/equipment costs are disadvantages.
This document provides an overview of study skills and soil science topics. It discusses active learning approaches like seeking new strategies and sharing ideas. It also covers mind mapping basics such as using a visual hierarchy with color and images to make connections. Key plant nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are explained in terms of their effects on growth in normal quantities and deficiency. Relative humidity and how it is impacted by air temperature is defined. The law of limiting factors is introduced and applied to explain variations in photosynthesis and respiration rates.
This document outlines the introduction to a 6-week course on garden design. It discusses conducting a site appraisal and identifying user requirements for the initial design stages. Learners will keep design notebooks, collect images, and complete weekly practical tasks. The document explains that the initial focus is on the functional use of space before choosing plants. It also outlines identifying existing site features, limitations, and learning objectives related to site inventory components, user requirements, and limitations to the design process.
Introduction to garden planning and design session 4vikkis
This document discusses garden design techniques including using design grids and theme drawings to plan layouts. It describes how to draw concept designs and theme drawings on tracing paper over scale plans to divide spaces and locate uses. Two techniques for visualizing vertical elements are described. Hard landscaping materials are discussed in relation to style, budget, maintenance and design principles. Specific materials like stone, gravel and pavers are examined along with how their properties suit different garden styles and the importance of budgeting for installation and long-term costs.
The document provides an introduction to the role of quantity surveyors in construction projects. It discusses that quantity surveyors are responsible for financial aspects of construction and provide various services throughout a project, including preparing initial budgets and cost estimates, tender documents, valuations of work, and final accounts. It also describes the different stages of a project where quantity surveyors are involved, such as pre-tender, tender, and post-tender stages, and the tasks performed during each stage.
This document discusses various methods of construction cost estimation, including preliminary estimates, plinth area method, cubical contents method, unit base method, abstract estimates, detailed estimates, bottom up method, and square foot estimates. It also discusses factors that influence specification, rate analysis, and final estimates. Preliminary estimates provide early project costs but have low accuracy of 20-30%. Detailed estimates use quantities, rates, and specifications to determine costs more accurately. The bottom up method aggregates task estimates to determine total project costs.
This document provides approximate estimates for flyovers constructed at four different locations. It summarizes the key details of each flyover project such as location, client, contractor, scope of work, cost, duration, progress, resources used, and per meter cost. The average cost per meter of the flyovers according to the estimates given is Rs. 5,37,635.
This document outlines common landscape hazards and safety solutions from OSHA. It identifies hazards from ergonomics, motor vehicles, slips/trips/falls, soil preparation, irrigation, hardscape construction, planting, lawn maintenance, tree care and equipment operation. Specific hazards mentioned include cuts, amputations, hearing loss, heat/cold stress, lifting injuries, being struck by objects, eye injuries and electrocution. The document provides solutions like training, personal protective equipment, lifting safely, housekeeping and following standard operating procedures. It emphasizes the importance of guarding equipment, replacing damaged guards, contacting utilities before digging and wearing appropriate eye and face protection.
Landscape maintenance includes watering, fertilizing, mulching, pest control, mowing, edging, winterization and pruning plants. Watering should be done frequently when plants are first planted to prevent wilting, then less as plants are established. Fertilizer should be mixed in at planting and added to established plants as needed. Mulch should be replenished as it decays. Pest control prevents damage from insects, diseases and weeds. Pruning improves plant health, appearance and controls size/shape, with timing depending on plant type. A variety of tools are used for different pruning tasks.
Regular landscape maintenance includes soil testing and amendments, weed control through both chemical and manual methods, pest control, pruning, and irrigation. Proper irrigation is important for plant health and involves choosing a method like drip irrigation that reduces water usage. Pests are best controlled through preventative methods like choosing pest-resistant plants and removing diseased material. Pruning techniques depend on plant type and goals but aim to improve plant form, health, and productivity through practices like thinning branches or shearing hedges.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help regulate emotions and stress levels.
This song expresses the singer's enduring love and commitment to their partner. It states that without their partner, the singer's days would feel empty and nights long. The singer sees forever clearly with their partner and their love feels stronger than any love before. Nothing, not even changes in the world or their life, will change how much the singer loves their partner. Their love will lead the way and the singer will always be there to support their partner.
This document outlines common landscape hazards and safety solutions from OSHA. It identifies hazards from ergonomics, motor vehicles, slips/trips/falls, soil preparation, irrigation, hardscape construction, planting, lawn maintenance, tree care and equipment operation. Specific hazards mentioned include cuts, amputations, hearing loss, heat/cold stress, lifting injuries, being struck by objects, eye injuries and electrocution. The document provides solutions like training, personal protective equipment, lifting safely, housekeeping and following standard operating procedures. It emphasizes the importance of guarding equipment, replacing damaged guards, contacting utilities before digging and wearing appropriate eye and face protection.
Landscape maintenance includes watering, fertilizing, mulching, pest control, mowing, edging, winterization and pruning plants. Watering should be done frequently when plants are first planted to prevent wilting, then less as plants are established. Fertilizer should be mixed in at planting and added to established plants as needed. Mulch should be replenished as it decays. Pest control prevents damage from insects, diseases and weeds. Pruning improves plant health, appearance and controls size/shape, with timing depending on plant type. A variety of tools are used for different pruning tasks.
Regular landscape maintenance includes soil testing and amendments, weed control through both chemical and manual methods, pest control, pruning, and irrigation. Proper irrigation is important for plant health and involves choosing a method like drip irrigation that reduces water usage. Pests are best controlled through preventative methods like choosing pest-resistant plants and removing diseased material. Pruning techniques depend on plant type and goals but aim to improve plant form, health, and productivity through practices like thinning branches or shearing hedges.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help regulate emotions and stress levels.
This song expresses the singer's enduring love and commitment to their partner. It states that without their partner, the singer's days would feel empty and nights long. The singer sees forever clearly with their partner and their love feels stronger than any love before. Nothing, not even changes in the world or their life, will change how much the singer loves their partner. Their love will lead the way and the singer will always be there to support their partner.