1. Creation of democratic citizenry <br /> As a nation we cannot fail to remember that the most significant self starting movement that laid the basis of our struggle for national independence was a massive unleash of democratic energy. That energy was not easily harnessed by any stretch of imagination. In spite of its exposure to a narrow class leadership or its eventual inability to move itself into a dialogue of freedom and justice, a desire for democratic self-empowerment was what created a struggle within a struggle. The self-evolution and revolution of oppressed people from once oppressed people. Democracy, in that instance, was not about mysterious imaginary formulas for creating law, or simple-minded debates on constitutional technicalities. It was something more desperate, something with a greater sense of urgency. Democracy, in that fundamental moment of our history, was a will to live without oppression, fear, and humiliation. It was that desire, emerging from the depth of the everyday existence mirrored in the stories and literature of W.E.B. Dubois and John Dewey. Democracy defined itself in opposition to the brutal power, and a peculiar stalemate of defeat at times. But it also contained an expectation of becoming free, and an optimistic view for a better future. <br /> <br /> <br /> Dubois describes to me the content for life in the subtle smile and a tall walk with a half apologetic tone. Translating a peoples purpose as together, resistance with optimism, with magnificent display of a race of humans converging, faced accepting unbearable tragedy with defiant assertion of human possibilities, explosive anger with eager anticipation. An anticipation I can easily mentally draw a bridge upon through being first empathetic and also sympathetic at the though that sacrifices for democracy were made by those in my image and likeness and still are today. However, that spirit which seemed so inextinguishable at that point, didn’t lead to a much more authentic life. The emancipation experience has been dotted with broken promises, dashed hopes, and defeated disenchantments. Equal for all, but some more equal than others. <br /> John Dewey spoke of an eclipse of the public that captured the united Stated in a candid moment of never imagining a place, even in the wildest of fantasies, consisting of such a large and racially diversified population. <br /> “ The stream of immigrants which has poured in is so large and heterogeneous that under conditions which formerly obtained it would have disrupted any semblance of unity as surely as the migratory invasion of alien hordes once upset the social equilibrium of the European continent.”<br />Truly at the convergence of these two points is a fragile and beautiful acceleration in momentum in history. Individualism could have easily pacified the need for separate hierarchies of power, created at a minimum satisfaction of the conquest of the idea of creating a freedom for oneself. However this would have been detrimental to the creation of a necessary democracy only prolonging the anguish of those made dependant upon the current system. <br /> That democratic alternative, if history is any guide, never comes from privileged cliques of do-gooders as when segregation was encouraged for the privileged to maintain their ability to demand and receive. It will not emerge from a domesticated civil society that is incapable of imagining a qualitatively clear world of freedom, equality, and childhood as the south denied themselves from the views of the north before the turn of the century and throughout the 1800’s. It will not come from different brands of ‘reformists’ or political leaders, the judge, the scholar, the new party lead by the traditional figure of power, which are really the same. They are too un-willing to break away from their old ways and change their familiar ideas with the arrival of new fears, or new opportunities for that matter. The thought of allowing and tolerating opportunity for the oppressed, releasing them from submission and allowing others to contribute and having to recognize those contribution.<br /> A democratic political belief that is able to carry out difficult conversations and practices to multiple layers of society seems to have been the only real way out of the crisis that the United States had found itself in. A truly democratic citizenry, an alternative civil society was the chance for a meaningful collective life. Not only is there the difficulty of restructuring society to be inclusive of the oppressed, but it is not possible without placing the laborers, disenfranchised, lower class, women, religious, and any ethnic groups, people who are traditionally marginalized in the main political structure, at the centre of a new political arrangement. In this particular instance it is the emancipated African American who hoards these least desirable positions in society.<br /> A meaningful representative democracy is not where their self-righteous does represent the passive people, but where people can represent themselves.<br /> Such a real democratic citizenry, is politically responsible to oppose the impedance in the nature of success of a people, such as the opportunity to have success recognized in school Dubois references to so much in his literature. A viable democratic citizenry needs to be the conscience of the nation by opposing deprivation of some of the even most basic needs of a whole people for mindless reasons. An open-minded democratic citizenry needs to demand the agreement be made into a contract, accomplished by the blood of the slave and the soldier. Which was a destructive venture with enormous human and psychological costs that has been nearly impossible to spiral out of. A historically aware democratic citizenry needs to be able to draw a parallel between the absurdities of the arrests and persecution of the countless innocent men of color with other horrifying historical episodes, and the residual ignorance that has continued to infiltrate our system of politics. A true democratic citizenry, always, needs to assert that the only alternative to democracy is more, not less democracy.<br /> A democratic citizenry also needs to have the historical awareness to acknowledge where the threats to democracy come from within our own selfish and mediocre acts as a nation. <br />I think of what needs to be and simultaneously attempt to wrap my mind around the ideas that Dewey presents about the summit where our ideas and actions change our results. When men have an idea of how society functions to produce results, the convergence of ideas is immediate, and a strive to secure the desirable consequence. The undesirable result is avoided. The laws of our social life reflect a phenomenon that is just as the physical. If certain results are the criterion then specific means must be met to employ the desired results. The key to success is to carefully find the point where conception of the results is clearly in accordance with the technique for reaching the goal, together with the idea of avoiding of the techniques that causes a society to prefer some cost rather than others. <br /> Actualizing a democracy from the depths of the society is no task without it s moments of despair and hopelessness. At times it may seem as if the veil is more like an iron curtain that cannot be removed from the separations between races and in society. However we draw upon our historical overturns, and the refusal to accept marginalism as a way of life for inspiration and evidence that the change is continuously gaining momentum.<br />Kevin Roberson<br />Works cited<br />1. Dewey, John. The Public and Its Problems. New York: H. Holt and Company, 1927.<br />2. Du Bois, W. E. B., Henry Louis Gates, and Terri Hume Oliver. The Souls of Black Folk: Authoritative Text, Contexts, Criticism. Norton critical edition. New York: W.W. Norton, 1999.<br />3.Esherick, Joseph, Hasan Kayalı, and Eric Van Young. Empire to Nation: Historical Perspectives on the Making of the Modern World. World social change. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield, 2006.<br />