Medical Ethics Case Study Essay
Medical Ethics Essay
Essay on What is Medical Ethics?
Essay on Religion and Medical Ethics
Medical Ethical Principles
Patient-Physician Contract
Medical Ethicism
Medical Ethics
Essay on Organ Donation | Organ Donation Essay for Students and .... Argumentative essay on organ donation by Campos Tiffany - Issuu. Should Organ Donors be Paid for Donations - Free Essay Example .... Organ donation speech. Short Essay on Organ Donation. 2019-02-11. Organ Donation in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays .... Organ Donation Persuasive Essay (400 Words) - PHDessay.com. Definition essay organ donation - Nichole Ayers ENG- September 3, 2020 ....
Medical Ethics Case Study Essay
Medical Ethics Essay
Essay on What is Medical Ethics?
Essay on Religion and Medical Ethics
Medical Ethical Principles
Patient-Physician Contract
Medical Ethicism
Medical Ethics
Essay on Organ Donation | Organ Donation Essay for Students and .... Argumentative essay on organ donation by Campos Tiffany - Issuu. Should Organ Donors be Paid for Donations - Free Essay Example .... Organ donation speech. Short Essay on Organ Donation. 2019-02-11. Organ Donation in the US Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays .... Organ Donation Persuasive Essay (400 Words) - PHDessay.com. Definition essay organ donation - Nichole Ayers ENG- September 3, 2020 ....
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Death Panels are Real Under ObamaCare - and Here is Proof
1. Death Panels are Real Under ObamaCare - and Here is Proof
I am writing this because I think that this topic is urgently important and nobody truly understands
what is happening behind closed doors (and open doors) in academia, in conferences, seminars, etc.,
all to ensure that rationing is "accepted" in the public square. The word "Rationing" has been
somewhat marginalized, but one can very easily do a Google Scholar search for rationing and find it
all over various academic publications.  The idea is to find "code words" in order to make the
idea of rationing, ie, death panels more palatable for Americans.
Make no mistake, it IS going to happen under ObamaCare and is already happening now, in some
instances, but will get worse: much, much worse.  How do I know?  I read their words and I
take them at their word.
The way this will be justified will be by using "experts" in the field of bioethics, just like it was to
justify abortion - I know this because I have been familiarizing myself with academic journals.
 Therefore, people must know some basic principlesin bioethics in order to understand the
positions and know how to respond.
Justifying Death Panels: (Code Words / Phrases)
Rationing
Patient's rights
End of Life Care
Fairness
Resource Allocation
Care Effectiveness
Sustainability
Unnecessary Tests
Unsustainable Increases in health care costs
Healthcare is a 'right'
Priority Setting
Tough choices
Psychosocial influences
QARYs "quality adjusted remaining years"
2. Setting Limits
Resource Allocation
Some common arguments for rationing (most deal with cost): ÂÂ
"Healthcare is already being rationed" referring to people willing to wait for an organ transplants,
being turned down for insurance, etc.
"People do not need all of these tests." (See the Choosing Wisely Campaign below)
The last year of life is a costly burden that negatively impacts future generations.
Many people would rather die at home.1
It is not fair to use expensive interventions when people will die soon anyway.
The idea of rationing health care became a very popular topic within Bioethics circles after the
passage of the Affordable Care Act, aka, "ObamaCare". Many conferences and journal articles dealt
with the issue, particularly surrounding the issues of "fairness" and "end of life care." As this report
shows, not only do bioethicists advocate rationing, but some have learned to not use the word, and
they freely admit that they believe rationing to be inevitable.
Daniel Callahan
One of the scariest articles you will ever read is found here, by renowned bioethicist Daniel
Callahan, who founded the Hastings Center, the premiere bioethics think tank in the world. Callahan
was given a grant to study abortion in 1968 from the Ford Foundation and the Population Council,
and the article from April, 2012 linked above reminisces,
"Clearly, many of my fellow advocates sought euphemisms for the actual procedure, any phrase or
word that would avoid acknowledging that abortion is the outright killing of fetuses, often by
chopping them up, crushing their skulls, and otherwise destroying them. Better to talk about
"emptying the uterine content" or "terminating pregnancy." A recent and notable addition to the list
is to speak not of infanticide but of "post-birth abortion."
The cleansing of language is how abortion came to be accepted. We need to get ahead of these
arguments before rationing is accepted. How would people have felt, at the time of Roe v. Wade, if
they saw that statement above made by Callahan?
Regarding rationing, Callahan continues to explain that a euphemism is needed,
"It is not, however, easy to come up with a good euphemism for rationing, though "setting limits"
and "resource allocation" are the common code words. The argument, in short, is not whether
rationing will be necessary- that is taken for granted- but how prudently to talk about it in the public
square."
Callahan actually uses the term "code words"!
Independent Payment Advisory Board (IPAB)
3. When Sarah Palin expressed concern over Medicare paying for "optional" conversations about
advance directives, end of life care, and living wills, the mainstream media focused on the "death
panel" phrase, which has been effectively marginalized, yet hypocritically, rationing is still a huge
part of the narrative. "PolitiFact made "Death Panels" their "lie of the year".
Palin stood her ground and reaffirmed her concern on Facebook on 25-June-2012, with reference to
the Independent Payment Advisory Board (IPAB).
.
The LA Times clarifies that "The IPAB, as created by the Affordable Care Act, will create a 15-
member panel of health experts, appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate".
According to an essay in the New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) -See Wesley J. Smith's
criticism of the NEJM further in this article, "the panel will be charged with ensuring that Medicare
expenses stay within limits set by the healthcare reform law, and must also recommend to Congress
how to control healthcare costs."
Bioethicists will most likely be prominent on the IPAB board.
Politifact notes that The IPAB is not allowed to submit "any recommendation to ration health care, as
Section 3403 of the health care law states." However, according to the Committee on Ways and
Means,
"the Democrats chose not to define what they meant by "ration," and such a definition does not
appear anywhere in the Medicare statute.  So, rationing is in the eye of the IPAB beholder.
 IPAB would be free to cut reimbursement rates for procedures and services that IPAB deems
"unnecessary" to levels so low that no physician would provide the care."
Clearly, those chosen to be on this committee will be very important, and if ObamaCare continues,
they should be heavily vetted. IPAB must submit its first draft recommendations to the Health and
Human Services Secretary by September 1, 2013, but the members have not yet been chosen. Have
they been chosen yet? I cannot find anything on this, perhaps the IPAB is still pending based on all
of the legal concerns.
In a video, seen here, Obama's former Director of the Office of Management and Budget, Peter
Orszag said regarding the IPAB, "This institution could prove to be far more important to the future
of our fiscal health than, for example, the Congressional Budget Office. It has an enormous amount
of potential power."
Bioethics (a very brief history)
Bioethics as a respected field of study can trace its roots to Nazis, as the "Nazi atrocities in World
War II drew attention to the lack of international standards on research with human participants and
led to the formulation of the Nuremberg Code." The code states that "the voluntary consent of the
human participant is absolutely essential," and was followed by The Belmont Report. The three basic
ethical principles - arose from this report and is a key part of understanding bioethics.
autonomy/respect for persons,
beneficence (do good)
4. justice
nonmaleficence (do no harm) (added later by Tom Beauchamp and Jim Childress, but traced back to
the ancient Greek Hippocratic Oath)
To win the argument in bioethics, it is important to know the above four principles.
As time has gone by, unfortunately the lines have become fuzzy and many of the noble beginnings of
bioethics have morphed into a continual academic justification of death and the idea of
"personhood", particularly, who has the right to live, justification of abortion (even of "post-birth"
abortion), justification of physician-assisted suicide and euthanasia, even endorsing the death of
those who may be disabled or otherwise cannot fend for themselves. In other words, many of the
bioethicists have become similar to those they should abhor, the idea of "do no harm" has been
debated endlessly, as well as the idea of all of the above principles.
Just like the environmental movement, the idea of global standards for healthcare is more about
"fairness" and "justice" and the idea is not necessarily to make healthcare better, but to make it
available for all people, which would bring the standard down for some in the name of "social
justice", "distributive justice" or to resolve perceived "health or socioeconomic disparities".
Culture of Death
Bioethics has been long feared as promoting a "Culture of Death", as noted in the book by Wesley J.
Smith (Lawyer and prolific author), "Culture of Death: The Assault on Medical Ethics in America".
Smith is one of the good guys and he has stated, "bioethics has, generally, crystallized into an
orthodoxy, perhaps even an ideology."
Smith is particularly critical of Peter Singer, a prominent bioethicist at Princeton, who famously
believes in the idea of "consequentialism" (reminiscent of Alinsky, ie, the ends justify the means).
Singer also famously believes that animals have the same moral right to exist as people.
In a wonderful, short recent article, Wesley J. Smith sums it up. He states,
"The New England Journal of Medicine leads the technocratic pack . To illustrate from where the
publication is coming, it has supported rationing, helped push the assisted suicide movement,
respectfully published the Dutch infanticide checklist known as the Groningen Protocol, and pushed
hard against medical conscience rights in the name of 'patient rights.'"
Wesley J. Smith sums up the Bioethics Health Plan:
1. Centralize Insurance Coverage and Medical Decision Making;
2. Use "evidence based medicine" to determine whole categories of treatment or tests that should be
refused as wasteful;
3. Then, require dissenting doctors and patients to appeal to bureaucratic bioethics boards staffed
by technocratic true believers."
Quotes from Bioethicists in Favor of Rationing
In 2012 alone, there have been approximately 200 scholarly articles that address health care
5. rationing from a bioethical perspective (Just from a quick Google Scholar search) and about 100
more on "health priority setting" and over 500 on Euthanasia. There are no doubt many more that
could be found using the various "code words". Bioethicists have been justifying the rationing of
healthcare for years, just as they justify euthanasia, physician-assisted suicide, infanticide, organ
donation (before donor has even died), abortion, etc.
Some articles try to reframe the argument from "ethics of rationing" to "ethics of waste avoidance"
(Howard Brody, cited below) or some other concept that puts opponents on the defensive. It is
important to know the arguments and the basic principles of Bioethics. A book could be written on
just the quotes, but here is a sample:
Bioethicist/physician Howard Brody
"In the end, the ethics of rationing and of waste avoidance are complementary, not competing.
Perhaps at present, waste avoidance could save enough money to permit both universal coverage
and future cost control. As medical technology advances, especially with personalized genomic
medicine, we will almost certainly arrive at the day when we cannot afford all potentially beneficial
therapies for everyone. The ethical challenge of rationing care will have to be faced sooner or later,
particularly when we confront inequitable distribution of health care resources globally."
Link: http://www.nejm.org/doi/full/10.1056/NEJMp1203365?query=TOC&&
Bioethicist Peter Singer:
"Priority setting was called "rationing" 20 years ago, and "resource allocation" 10 years
agoâEUR"and will be called "sustainability" 10 years from now, as our language about this problem
becomes progressively sanitised."
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1118276/
and
"Rationing health care means getting value for the billions we are spending by setting limits on
which treatments should be paid for from the public purse. If we ration we won't be writing blank
checks to pharmaceutical companies for their patented drugs#, nor paying for whatever procedures
doctors choose to recommend. When public funds subsidize health care or provide it directly, it is
crazy not to try to get value for money."
Link:http://www.med.mcgill.ca/epidemiology/courses/EPIB654/Summer2010/Policy/nytimes%20ratio
ning%202009_07_19.pdf
Bioethicist Lawrence Schneiderman, MD
"Rationing Just Medical Care," The American Journal of Bioethics 11 [July 2011]:
"I present a rationing proposal, consistent with U.S. culture and traditions, that deals not with
"health care," the terminology used in the current debate, but with the more modest and limited
topic of medical care. Integral to this rationing proposal-which allows scope to individual choice and
at the same time recognizes the interdependence of the individual and society-is a definition of a
"decent minimum," the basic package of medical treatments everyone should have access to in a just
society."
6. Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21745072
and
"Americans may not be aware that this relentless pursuit of life at any cost and condition is not
universal. As anthropologist Sharon R. Kaufman points out, "The assumption of intervention in late
life is not as pervasive in many parts of Europe, where the limitations to health care are widely
acknowledged."
Link:
http://keithburgess-jackson.typepad.com/blog/2011/12/lawrence-j-schneiderman-on-rationing.html
Bioethicist Arthur Caplan:
VIDEO: On a CNN news report, "Who should get transplants?", Art Caplan can be seen here at 1:17
stating,
"I think the question that we have to face as a society is, given scarce resources, given that there not
enough hearts to go around, why aren't we trying to make sure they are going to younger people as
opposed to older people?"
and
"We can't give everything to everyone even now. We only did it in the past by excluding people.
Every nation on earth has to ration, they all do. We will too. We're going to have to make some hard
choices at the end of life and the demand curves indicate that that's just a necessity."
http://web1.millercenter.org/debates/transcript/deb_2010_0324_life.pdf
and
"Health reform is in the ethics. It will only occur if those who favor it can win the fight to recognize a
right to health care."2
and
"If health care is recognized as a right, then the details of how to achieve affordable health
insurance reform will follow. If it is not, then efforts to move reform forward will simply die under
the weight of nitpicking, fear-mongering, sloganeering, and the invocation of details as obstructions
to change." and "Those who oppose reform should have to answer why they believe health care is
not a right rather then using a false concern about the details to bog reform down."
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2752097/
Daniel Callahan, PhD, Director of International Programs at The Hastings Center, wrote in his June
1994 article, "Setting Limits: A Response," that appeared in The Gerontologist:
"We could not possibly guarantee indefinitely to the growing number and proportion of the elderly
all of the potentially limitless fruits of medical progress at public expense without seriously
distorting sensible social priorities..."
http://euthanasia.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=000205
7. Leonard Fleck, PhD, Professor of Philosophy at Michigan State University, wrote in his May-June
2006 article "The Costs of Caring: Who Pays? Who Profits? Who Panders?" that appeared in The
Hastings Center Report:
"...We need to reject the view that we have a moral obligation to spend any amount of money to save
all lives and life-years that medical technology permits. The result of adopting this view would be a
gross distortion in our society's health care priorities that would not be just, compassionate, or
prudent..."
http://euthanasia.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=000205
Henry Aaron, PhD, Senior Fellow at The Brookings Institution, wrote in his Jan. 30, 2006 article
titled "A Healthcare Prescription That's Hard to Swallow; Rationing May Be the Only Way to Ensure
That Access for All Remains Affordable," published in Los Angeles Times Commentary:
"The truth is that sensible rationing may be the only way to make sure that fair access to healthcare
for all remains affordable. The U.S. can no longer afford to offer every available service no matter
how high the cost or how small the benefit to the patient".
http://euthanasia.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=000205
The Euthanasia link: http://euthanasia.procon.org/view.answers.php?questionID=000205 has some
good arguments against rationing. A good summary of beliefs of certain bioethicists can be found
here, as well (starting on Page 12).
Eliminating Wasteful Tests (Choosing Wisely Campaign) (aka "unnecessary tests")
Additionally, articles have been repeatedly noting that doctors often give too many tests in the effort
to avoid malpractice suits. Instead of looking at medical malpractice reform, doctors have been
involved in a campaign to encourage patients to ask if tests are really necessary.
Rationing (aka, eliminating "wasteful" tests) is advocated in the Choosing Wisely campaign led by
the American Board of Internal Medicine Foundation.
Some quotes:
"Some doctors may be used to prescribing these seemingly "routine tests," but the "Choosing
Wisely" initiative from the American Board of Internal Medicine Foundation says these procedures
are often unnecessary and besides driving up the country's skyrocketing health care costs, can put
patients at risk."
The New York Times reported,
"Some experts estimate that up to one-third of the $2 trillion of annual health care costs in the
United States each year is spent on unnecessary hospitalizations and tests, unproven treatments,
ineffective new drugs and medical devices, and futile care at the end of life."
Conferences / Major Players in Bioethics Advocating Rationing
At the 20TH ANNUAL MEDICAL ETHICS UPDATE 2011: Ethical Issues in Health Care Reform,
keynote speaker Mary Ann Baily, PhD, Fellow, Hastings Center, gave a presentation called, "The
8. Ethics, Economics and Politics of Rationing: Death Panels, Mammogram Guidelines and
Chemotherapy" on April 15, 2011.
Some of her main points:
Why is rationing necessary? Limits on beneficial care are needed because:
Resources are scarce.
Exempting health care from limits would require too much sacrifice in benefits from other uses of
the resources.
Types of non-price rationing:
Limits on care provided to members of private insurance risk pools.
Limits on care provided at public expense out of a sense of collective moral obligation.
How can we counter attempts to use the fear of rationing to undermine health system reform?
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Health care rationing is not done TO people, it is done FOR people.
NO: Provide all beneficial care without regard to cost (pure patient advocacy model)
YES: Advocate for individual patient's fair share, adjusted to patient's circumstances and Advocate
for a societal process to establish a fair rationing system and cooperate with it.
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If Americans want an affordable health care system, then they have to learn to accept the moral
legitimacy of taking cost into account in managing it.
(Video) National Discussion and Series Debates - Miller Center, University of Virginia
Debate Statement: "The United States must ration costly end-of-life care"
Video can be found here: (A good heated discussion starts around 26:54, awesome rebuttal around
36:00, Great statement from Marie Hilliard at 52:24)
Transcript can be found here
Highlights of the Debate:
For Rationing:
At the time, Arthur Caplan was the Emmanuel and Robert Hart Director of the Center for Bioethics
and the Sydney D. Caplan Professor of Bioethics at the University of Pennsylvania.
Ira Byock is Director of Palliative Medicine at Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center and Professor at
9. Dartmouth Medical School. He is a past president (1997) of the American Academy of Hospice and
Palliative Medicine.
Against Rationing:
Ken Connor is Chairman of The Center for a Just Society, and a board certified civil trial attorney
affiliated with the law firm of Marks Balette & Giessel, P.C., which represents victims of nursing
home abuse and neglect. Connor is the author of Sinful Silence: When Christians Neglect Their Civic
Duty (2004).
Marie Hilliard is Director of Bioethics and Public Policy at the National Catholic Bioethics Center.
Some Quotes from Art Caplan (For Rationing):
"I don't believe they want that technological blitzkrieg in their final days, many do not, and one form
of rationing is to ask people to forgo. But we can't continue the way we are. We rob our young to
treat our dying".
"Not Congress, I mean what's Congress good for? Maybe the victims of rationing, I don't know, we
should try rationing them first. But short of that, we need to come up with a transparent open
discussion, out, no star chambers, no hidden committees, where people say this is what the decent
minimum is."
Some Quotes from Ken Conner (Against Rationing):
"Now let's not kid ourselves, folks, about what rationing at the end of life means from a government
standpoint. It's an embrace of a philosophy that was advocated by Governor Richard Lamm, who
said that the elderly have a duty to die and got out of -- out of the way."
"Government simply can't be trusted to make life and death decisions for the infirm. It's already
shown itself to embrace a utilitarian disposable man ethic. The folks who brought us the disposable
man mentality of Roe versus Wade and the Tuskegee experiments won't hesitate to apply the
yardstick of inconvenience to those whose quality of life is diminished or who costs more to maintain
than they produced."
"What we're suggesting very simply is that there is nothing that equips government bureaucrats to
make quality of life decisions about people who are dying."
"... end-of-life decision-making ought to be made by the physician at the bedside, by the family of the
patient and by the patient themselves."
Some Quotes from Ira Byock (For Rationing):
"Both as a father and as a citizen, I would readily accept some rational limits on treatment for my
own far advanced condition, heart disease, lung cancer, liver disease in order for my daughters and
their children to have access to health care that they need."
"Both as individuals and collectively as a society, we must understand that some treatments are,
when they are intended to save or prolong life, make no sense at some point."
The bias is clear, as a white paper shows in the statement, "Deep-seated aversion to economic,
10. governmental, or any other outside influence favoring decisions to withdraw life-sustaining
treatment help to explain how the health care debate of the last year and half was overtaken at one
point by the accusation that the federal government would establish death panels for the
elderly...conservative politicians claimed that the elderly would be encouraged to refuse life-saving
care in order to contain costs." (Interesting, because that is exactly what this debate was
rationalizing - the "pro-ration" side won, no surprise).
Note that in the article itself, it attempts to shoot down all anti-rationing arguments, the arguments
they use are all associated with costs, none for the value of human life.
The Healthcare "as a right" Argument
In order to make people accept ObamaCare, bioethicists will use a very simple concept that will be
pounded into American people,  prominent bioethicist Art Caplan states that people must come
to believe that "Healthcare is a human right".
I believe there is a simple way to win this argument.
Pro-Rationing Advocate: Healthcare is a right
Anti-Rationing Advocate: Does the government have to pay for it?
Pro-Rationing Advocate: Yes, it is our moral duty.
Anti-Rationing Advocate: Is food a right? Is housing a right? Is clothing a right? Is a job a right? Is
education a right? Does the government have to pay for those things?
The "Rationing" Argument
In order to make people accept rationing, bioethicists use the simple argument, "resources are
finite" and healthcare costs are only getting higher.
I believe there is a simple way to win this argument.
Pro-Rationing Advocate: Resources are scarce. Rationing is inevitable and it is already happening.
Healthcare costs are only getting more expensive. Resources need to be allocated so everyone
benefits.
Anti-Rationing Advocate: That is why we have to deal with medicare fraud and government waste,
which costs taxpayers billions of dollars every year. Only until we can be sure that all waste is
addressed, can we ethically start to ration healthcare.  People's healthcare should not be
compromised until all other cutting-cost avenues are explored.
Bioethics and their Meddling
I believe this is going to get bigger as time goes on, we should anticipate and get ahead of these
arguments.
Based on the research, it seems to me that from the perspective of the bioethicist,
ObamaCare is necessary to ensure healthcare for all,
11. Healthcare coverage is a "right,"
In order to achieve healthcare for all, some level of rationing must take place,
Resources are scarce,
The rationing will most likely come from:
Reducing perceived excessive testing,
rationing "end of life" care.
Some anti-rationing or patient advocacy positions:
The pro-rationing cost argument: I believe the "resources are scarce" argument needs to be backed
up by bioethicists, particularly in light of waste in the government and medicare fraud. (bioethical
principle: Justice)
People are individuals, not one "body" is the same, all people have different needs.  (Bioethical
Principles: Autonomy / Respect for Persons)
Decisions should be made by a physician who is most equipped to understand the needs of the
individual patient (Bioethical Principles: Autonomy / Respect for Persons)
Rationing is morally wrong, as there is potential to do harm to the patient without proper medical
treatment (bioethical principle: nonmaleficence)
Rationing could potentially take away a treatment that would do good for the patient (bioethical
principle: beneficence)
Rationing may only be used for average people, wealthy people will still have access to better
treatment (bioethical principle: Justice) *Can use other countries as an example, such as New
Zealand.
Individuals in all stages of life and health should benefit from the same right to exist (i.e.,
personhood) and should therefore, have the same access to treatment (bioethical principle: Justice)
ObamaCare may provide better access to healthcare, but since rationing would surely come with
ObamaCare, it is not the answer, ethically.
To win the argument, it is urgently important to propose solutions to ensure that the current gaps in
America's healthcare system get filled. What are the biggest problems?
Medical Malpractice,
Attorney fees, trial lawyers,
no competition for health insurance companies across state lines,
government waste,
12. Medicare/medicade fraud.
THESE are the issues that need to be addressed, so that healthcare costs do not escalate.
 ObamaCare does not deal with these issues.
I submit that if one believes that decisions about health care should be made by the patient, the
doctor and the families, they should ask the following question about rationing, if one is allowing one
to die early, isn't rationing at the end of life really just another way of saying Euthanasia? What is
the difference?
Bonus:
Some Arguments FOR ObamaCare*:
"Affordable Choices for uninsured."
"Insurance companies repeatedly deny healthcare for families."
Not having ObamaCare will "decrease choice and give insurers more power."
*This was sponsored by progressive group "Families USA", which trains journalists how to report on
Healthcare policy the "progressive way"
An excellent reframing of the conversation by Frank Luntz can be found here
Some highlights:
Call for the "protection of the personalized doctor-patient relationship."
Recommend the phrase "government takeover" rather than "government run" or "government
controlled"
"In countries with government run healthcare, politicians make YOUR healthcare decisions.
 THEY decide if you'll get the procedure you need, or if you are disqualified because the
treatment is too expensive or because you are too old."
13. Advocate "A balanced, common sense approach that provides assistance to those who truly need it
and keeps healthcare patient-centered rather than government-centered for everyone."
What Americans are looking for in healthcare that your "solution" will provide is, in a word,: "more
access to more treatments and more doctors...with less interference from insurance companies and
Washington politicians and special interests."
1
I found an seemingly innocent article that spoke of this, "Several factors determined how the
patients and their caregivers rated their quality of life at the end. Among the most important: not
dying in the intensive care unit or hospital; not having to endure aggressive, life-prolonging
treatments at the end, such as feeding tubes or chemotherapy..." by Holly Prigerson.  I was
immediately suspicious and sure enough, I found her quoted here, saying what she REALLY means,
"We refer to the end-of-life discussion as the multimillion-dollar conversation because it is associated
with shifting costs away from expensive . . . care like being on a ventilator in an ICU, to less costly
comfort care."
2
Former Obama appointed Administrator of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, Donald
Berwick said, while addressing (and lauding) The British National Health Service, "You could have
been spending 17% of your GDP to make health care unaffordable as a human right instead of
spending 9% and guaranteeing it as a human right." Recently, Berwick said ObamaCare "tries to
make health care a human right in America."
Please watch the below video and go to http://americandoctors4truth.org/
These folks are actually telling the truth.
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