DB2 z/OS & Java - What\'s New?

DB2 for z/OS and Java
What’s New?

Julian Stuhler
DB2Night Show
September 2011

Agenda

Introduction
Java Overview
Java & DB2: Benefits and Challenges
So, What’s New?
Conclusion & Summary

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DB2Night Show ©
© 2011 Triton Consulting Ltd

Your Presenter – Julian Stuhler
DB2 consultant with Triton Consulting, based in the
UK
25 years DB2 experience
• Database Administration
• Systems Programming
• Application Development
IBM Gold Consultant
IBM Information Champion
IDUG Best Speaker
Redbook – DB2 Java Stored Procedures, Learning
by Example
IDUG Past President
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Java Overview

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What is Java?

Java is a programming language
• Object oriented
• Derivative of C++ with simpler syntax and more
robust memory management
• Code is compiled to architecture neutral byte-code
• Secure –built-in controls for preventing malicious
code
• Portable – device and OS independent

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What is Java?
Java is a runtime environment
(aka platform) with 2 major
components
• A Java Virtual Machine (JVM), which
runs Java code and insulates it from myProg.java
underlying hardware / OS
Interprets portable Java byte code and Java API JVM
translates to underlying platform-
specific instructions
Can be supplied by the web browser, Hardware / Operating System
operating system or middleware (such
as Websphere Application Server)
• A Java API, which provides a collection
of ready-made Java software
components for common functions
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What is Java?

Java is a development environment
• JDK (Java Development Kit) provides the tools
necessary to develop and test a Java program

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Java In The Enterprise
IBM and other enterprise vendors have
emphatically endorsed Java
• Good fit with IBM’s “open” approach and On
Demand strategy
• Great counter to Microsoft’s .net
Many organisations have adopted Java as
the (or one of the) primary application
development technologies
• Good availability of skilled programming resource
• Portability
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Java In The Enterprise
Huge effort within IBM in recent years to
support Java as a primary application
development environment
• Hardware support (IFL, zAAP, zIIP, zEnterprise)
• Operating System support (USS, Java SDK for
z/OS)
• Software licensing (IFL)
• Middleware development (DB2, Websphere, etc)
• Application development tools (Websphere studio,
RAD, Eclipse)
• Consulting services 9

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Java & DB2: Benefits and Challenges

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Java & DB2: Benefits
Good fit to each technology’s strengths
• Java runs well on most “application server” hardware
platforms
• DB2 offers best-of-breed data serving capabilities
(resilience, scalability, integrity)
Availability of developer skills compared to
“legacy” languages
• May change in future – see next slides…
Portability
Mature DB2 driver architecture
Ongoing enhancements to DB2 to make it more
“Java friendly”

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Java & DB2: Benefits
Java programs can access DB2 data using the IBM
Data Server Driver for Java with…
• … one of the Java database • … one of two Java
APIs connection interface calls
JDBC DriverManager
SQLJ DataSource
pureQuery
• … one of the two driver
connection types
Type 2 (local)
Type 4 (remote)

DB2 stored procedures and User Defined Functions
can also be written in Java
pureQuery gives further options – see later
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Java & DB2: Challenges

JDBC = Dynamic SQL
• Performance
• Response time consistency
• Authorisation
• Monitoring & Accounting (same package for all)
• DBM1 Virtual storage (MAXKEEPD)
Developer skills
• Ironically, many educational establishments now
consider Java to be an enterprise language, so it
is becoming less fashionable to teach
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Impedance Mismatch
• Java is an Object Oriented language
• Relational databases such as DB2 deal with tables and
columns
• Mismatch requires mapping between the two

Customer

Customer
Telephone
Address
Number

Customer Java Object Customer DB2 Tables
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Cultural Silos
• Many Java developers don’t
know (or care) much about the
way the back-end database
operates – black box approach
• Many DBAs don’t understand
Java/OO development (e.g.
may come from a more
traditional COBOL
development background)

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Java Frameworks are designed to improve
developer productivity
• Provide standard functions/facilities
• Promote re-use
• Free the developer from directly coding lower-level
functions such as data access by adding (another)
abstraction layer
Data access frameworks (aka “persistence
frameworks”) deal with access to relational
databases
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Popular Java data access frameworks
• iBatis
• Hibernate
• JDO
• JPA
• TopLink
Many of these interoperate so multiple
frameworks can be used at once
• E.g. The Spring framework can use all of the
above data access frameworks
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Framework issues
• Developer will use framework’s own query
language, which will be used to generate SQL
• Potential performance issues
• Potential problem diagnosis issues

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Break

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So, What’s New?

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pureQuery - Proposition
JDBC has performance
challenges Java Application
SQLJ is not well understood by
traditional Java developers, and
not well supported by tooling

Named Queries
Query Language
Other solutions (Hibernate,
Spring, iBatis, etc) are more OR Mapping Layer
popular with Java developers but
reduce flexibility and make SQL
problem diagnosis and tuning Persistence Layer
difficult
A solution is required that
combines the flexibility of
Hibernate/iBatis with the DB2
efficiency of SQLJ
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pureQuery – Components
pureQuery is part of the Optim brand, and consists of
the following elements
• A set of APIs for efficient access to relational data
• Eclipse-based tooling for Java and SQL development,
delivered in Optim Development Studio – chargeable option,
separate components targeted at z/OS and LUW
• pureQuery runtime – chargeable option, separate
components targeted at z/OS and LUW

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pureQuery - APIs
Intended to boost productivity and use best practices for
RDBMS access
Aimed at new applications – API calls embedded directly in Java
code
• An alternative API to JDBC and SQLJ, although the same low-level
access functions are used
Uses SQL directly in API calls – no alternative query language
Choice of static SQL or dynamic SQL variants
Supports several API styles to fit well into all of the popular Java
programming models/frameworks
• Inline style (familiar JDBC and SQLJ approach)
• Method style (similar to JDBC 4 ease of use enhancements)
• Named query style (similar to iBatis / Hibernate)
Supported by Optim Development Studio

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pureQuery – Development Tools
Optim Development Studio (ODS)
• Previously known as IBM Data Studio
Developer
• Eclipse based
• Supports DB2, IDS and Oracle
development
• Integrates with other IBM tools (RAD,
InfoSphere Data Architect, etc.)
• Generate pureQuery access code direct
from database objects
• SQL assist
• Front-end for pureQuery monitoring and
runtime components
• Dynamic SQL substitution to replace
poor SQL
• Approx $850 per seat

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pureQuery – Runtime
Allows dynamic SQL (e.g JDBC calls) to be intercepted
and replaced with static SQL at runtime
• Process known as “client optimisation”
Major Features
• Allows dynamic SQL to be executed statically, with associated
performance/security advantages
• No code changes needed
• Works for both Java and .Net applications
• Can handle parameter markers in SQL
• Targeted against DB2, Informix and Oracle back-end
databases
Internal IBM testing shows up to 40% CPU savings for T2
applications, and 15-25% for T4 – your mileage may vary!

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pureQuery – Runtime

Source: IBM White Paper, IBM Optim pureQuery Runtime for z/OS Performance
Running IRWW workload
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DB2 9 for z/OS
GA in early 2007
Many new features of interest from a
Java/Websphere perspective
• Native XML support for Java applications
• Optimistic locking
• Network trusted contexts
• BIGINT, VARBINARY and BINARY data types

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DB2 10 for z/OS
New release of DB2 for z/OS went GA in
October 2010
Many more new features of interest from a
Java / Websphere perspective
• High performance DBATs
• Limited Block Fetch support for Type 2
connections
• XML enhancements
• TIMESTAMP precision can now match Java (6
digits of fractional seconds)
• New security/audit capabilities can allow custom
code to be removed, improving performance
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DB2 10 for z/OS
More DB2 10 features
• WLM_SET_CLIENT_INFO stored procedure (also
available for V9 via APAR)
• Dynamic statement cache enhancement to be
more tolerant of differing literal values
Change JCC Driver to include the
“enableliteralReplacement=‘YES’” keyword
Specified in the data source or connection property
• Possibility for significant MAXKEEPD increase
due to DBM1 VSCR
• Future DB2 10 APAR expected to deliver Plan
Stability support for dynamic SQL
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DB2 10 – High Performance DBATs
DB2 10 honours use of RELEASE(DEALLOCATE)
for distributed applications
• Ignored for DB2 9 and earlier versions
• Can provide significant CPU savings (some beta customers
saw 10-20%)
• Higher EDM pool usage and potential concurrency issues
with DDL and BIND
Needs JCC packages to be rebound with
RELEASE(DEALLOCATE) KEEPDYNAMIC(NO)
• Consider using different collection for high performance
DBATs, as you probably won’t be able to afford to run all
connections that way
• Remember, focus is now on REAL not VIRTUAL storage
monitoring!
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Triton Consulting
The Royal
25 Bank Plain
Norwich NR2 4SF
United Kingdom

email:julian.stuhler@triton.co.uk
http://www.triton.co.uk
Tel: +44 (0) 870 2411550
Fax: +44 (0) 870 2411549
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