Data id agesexemployededucation_levelannual_incomeweightheightsm

1. DataIDAgeSexEmployedEducation_Level***Annual_Income*W
eightHeightSmoker10145FemaleYes25100019060No10258Male
No22300015068No10331FemaleYes33500010065Yes10454Male
No11000012066No10530FemaleYes12800015070Yes10618Fem
aleNo2500012562Yes10739FemaleYes34600011061No10 837Ma
leYes13600025066Yes10944FemaleYes25100024068Yes11024
MaleNo21200028075No11142FemaleYes37800012063No11250
MaleYes13400018074No11320FemaleNo11500016063Yes11435
MaleYes32800015072No11561MaleYes22800017565No11659M
aleNo12400018064No11736FemaleYes25500021064No11835M
aleYes36200018069Yes11929MaleNo23200010070Yes12032Fe
maleNo1700011064No12126FemaleNo21700020565Yes12242Fe
maleYes36400020065No12352MaleNo2500016071No12449Mal
eNo11400016572No12521FemaleNo12000017567No12648Male
Yes37200016573Yes12740FemaleYes38500017069Ye s12853Fe
maleNo11500024573No12946MaleYes36400017568No13042Ma
leYes32700025070Yes
KeyVariableKeyAgeYearsEducation Level1Less than High
School2Graduated High School3Graduated CollegeAnnual
IncomeUS DollarsWeightPoundsHeightInches
Turn-in VersionLiterature <5 years old (excluding seminal
articles)Contains at least one meta-analysis or meta-
synthesisContains at least 16 primary sourcesWell-rounded to
represent each section of PICO
questionTitleAuthor/YearSamplePurpose(s)Study type/Data
Collection
TechniquesIntervention/VariablesFindingsCommentsYesMeta
analyisN/AAllograftCadaver skin allograft may improve
mortality rate for burns involving over 30% of total body
surface area: a propensity score analysis of data from four burn
centers.Choi, Y. H., Cho, Y. S., Lee, J. H., Choi, Y., Noh, S.
Y., Park, S., Sung, C., Lim, J. K., Kim, J., Shin, J. J., Yang, B.,
Jeong, J., Chun, H., & Kim, K. J. (2018). 1,282analyze the

2. effect of cadaveric skin allograft on mortality rates in patients
with burns involving > 30% of total body surface area
(TBSA)Meta analysisretrospectively analyzed the electronic
medical records of patients admitted to four hospitals in Korea
between June 1, 2008 and December 31, 2016. This tudy
included patients with burns affecting over 30% of TBSA. 698
patients underwent cadaver skin allograft (cadaver group), and
584 were treated with conventional treatment (noncadaver
group)Patients with major burns who underwent cadaver skin
allografting had a lower mortality rate than those who did not.
Cadaver skin allograft may improve the survival of patients
with major burns, especially in the early phase of
injury.compairison between cadaver and traditional allograft
treatmentsNoLiterature reviewN/AXenograft & AllograftPorcine
xenografts vs. (cryopreserved) allografts in the management of
partial thickness burns: Is there a clinical difference?Michel
H.E. Hermans, M.D. 17 Aug 2013N/ADetermine is there is a
statistically significant difference between porcine xenografts
and allograftsLiterature reviewAllografts are more effective but
supply may be severely restricted. Porcine skin may be more
available. A literature analysis was performed in an attempt to
investigate whether true
(statistically significant) differences exist on clinical
performance and on other determinants for use.allografts and
porcine xenograft seem to perform equally well clinically with
regard to healing related outcomes. In addition, the risk of
disease transfer, in real life, was shown to be minimal.
Consequently, clinical aspects being equal, other aspects such
as price and availability should be used to decide which
material to use for the management of partial thickness burns.no
statistically significant difference between porcine xenografts
and allograftsNoLiterature reviewN/AComplicatio nsThe use of
human deceased donor skin allograft in burn care Jorge Leon-
Villapalos, Mohamed Eldardiri, Peter Dziewulski, 26 June
2009N/AReview of current use of cadaver allograftsLiterature
reviewidentified value of a project that aims to provide a less

3. antigenic, more readily available and completely free from the
already remote risks of disease transmission allograft will
increase the value of this already extremely useful tool in burns
surgery.identified need for more comparative studies in regards
to burn treatmentgood explanation of procedure and limitations
of cadaver allograftsYesPatient study1/16AllograftLive Skin
Allograft in the Management of Severe Burns Shaban Saidi,
July 20165Live skin allografting is a useful skin substitute for
severely burnt patients in resource limited areasPatient
studyBetween August 2010 and August 2014, five patients
underwent live skin allografting without medical
immunosuppresion. All patients had deep severe burns of more
than 40% burn surface area. 3 skin donors were patients’
mothers while 2 were brothersThree patients had complete
healing not requiring skin autografting. One patient had hyper
acute rejection and another had normal rejection and underwent
secondary auto grafting. NoPatient study2/16AllograftBurn
wound dressing with human amniotic membrane B Bose 1979
(seminal)15Determine usefulness of amniotic membrane tissue
for treatment of burnsPatient studyPhysiological dressing with
human amniotic membrane was used on I5 burn patients over a
period of 30 months.In the earlier part of this series gross
infection in a case of leg burn precluded the use of the
membrane after 3 days and instead treatment was continued
with mafenide (Sulfamylon) cream. The results in the other I4
cases were uniformly satisfactory. The pain relief after
application of the membrane was impressive and in 2 cases
dramatic.
small study supporting use of amniotic membrane
allograftsYesPatient study3/16Xenograft Innovative treatment
using tilapia skin as a xenograft for partial thickness burns after
a gunpowder explosionEdmar Maciel Lima-Junior, Manoel
Odorico de Moraes Filho, Bruno Almeida Costa, Francisco
Vagnaldo Fechine, Maria Elisabete Amaral de Moraes,
Francisco Raimundo Silva-Junior, Maria Flaviane Araújo do
Nascimento Soares, Marina Becker Sales Rocha, Cybele Maria

4. Philopimin Leontsinis
20191Determine usefulness of talapia xenograft for burn
treatmentPatient studyTilapia skin has non-infectious
microbiota, high amounts of type I collagen, and similar
morphological structure to human skin, so it has been suggested
as a potential xenograft for the management of burn wounds.A
23-year-old male patient, with no comorbidities, arrived at our
burn treatment center after a thermal injury caused by contact
with flames from a gunpowder explosion. Superficial partial
thickness burns were present in his right upper limb and deep
partial thickness burns were present in his left upper limb.
Tilapia skin was applied to the lesions, leading to complete
reepithelialization within 12 and 17 days of treatment,
respectively. No dressing changes were needed and no side
effects were observed. xenograft with tilapia skin showed
success in one patientYesMeta AnalysisXenograft & AllograftIs
allograft skin, the gold-standard for burn skin substitute? A
systematic literature review and meta-analysis André O.
Paggiaroa, Renata Bastianellia, Viviane F. Carvalhoa, Cesar
Isaacb, Rolf Gemperlib 6 April 2019N/AThe objective of this
systematic review is to compare AS with other skin substitutes,
which have been used in the treatment of burns.Meta
analysisRandomized clinical trial (RCT) and nonrandomized
clinical trial (NRCT) studies comparing AS to any other skin
substitute in the treatment of burns were extracted from
PubMed/Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, and Web of Science. For
the risk of bias analysis, the Cochrane bias risk handbook was
used for RCT studies and ROBINS-1 was used for NRCT
studies.Outcomes such as healing, self-grafting, scar
appearance, and mortality were evaluated.Twelve RCT and six
NRCT were selected, with most of the methodologies presenting
a high risk of bias. Based on the outcomes of the studies, it was
not possible to detect any advantages for using AS, as opposed
to other skin substitutes. In the meta-analysis, only two
outcomes could be evaluated: healing and graft take percentage;
however, no significant

5. differences were observed between the groups.Another study
that identified lack of quality research into compairsons
between burn treatmentsNoExploratory
study4/16AllograftHuman amniotic membrane: a versatile
wound dressingJOSEPH S. Gruss,* MB, B CH; DENNIS W.
JIRSCH, MD, M SC, PH D, FRCS[C], CMA Journal May 20,
1978 120Determine benefits of wound treatment with amniotic
membrane allograftsExploratory studyincluded in the study
were 120 patients in need of temporary biologic dressings.
Their wounds were mainly full-thickness defects of diverse
origin and certain partial-thickness defects. Accurate clinical
and photographic records were kept.Human amniotic membrane
was used successfully as a temporary biologic dressing for
various wounds in 120 patients. The membrane is easily
obtained, at little or no cost. It provides excellent wound
coverage and has distinct advantages compared with other
biologic dressings.
Tied together cadaver skin allograft, pigskin xenograft and
human amniotic membraneNoComparative
study5/16ComplicationsAllogeneic Versus Xenogeneic Immune
Reaction to Bioengineered Skin Grafts
Gulsun Erdag* and Jeffrey R. Morgan, Cell Transplantation, 14
April, 2004 N/AExplore immune reactions to allogeneic and
xenogeneic responses to CSS of human keratinocytes and
genetically engineered CSS expressing keratinocyte growth
factor Comparative study investigated the allogeneic and
xenogeneic responses to CSS of human keratinocytes and
genetically engineered CSS expressing keratinocyte growth
factor (KGF) that forms a hyperproliferative epidermis. CSS
(control and KGF modified) and neonatal human foreskins were
evaluated by immunohistochemistrystudy demonstrates that
human the human skin substitutes. In their model, rejection of
CSS, even when genetically engineered to make them neonatal
skin required 21 days, whereas our data and the
hyperproliferative, are less immunogenic than neonatal studies
of others have demonstrated that reconstituted skin and that this

6. results in prolonged survival in the SCID will reject neonatal
human skin by 9 days. Thus, allograft model and delayed
rejection in the xenograft our data demonstrate that even in
SCID mice that have model. RCellular study going into depth
with immune responsenoComparative
study6/16XenograftsApplication of acellular dermal xenografts
in full-thickness skin burns
Xiaodong Chen Xiangsheng Feng Julin Xie Shubin Ruan Yan
Lin Zepeng Lin Rui Shen Fenggang Zhang, 201330explore the
clinical value of the porcine acellular dermal xenograft (ADX)
in combination with autologous split-thickness skin and pure
autologous split-thickness skin grafting applied in deep full-
thickness burns and scar woundsComparative studyA total of 30
patients with deep burns were randomly divided into
experimental and control groups following escharectomy. The
patients were separately treated with porcine acellular dermal
xenograft (ADX) in combination with autologous split-thickness
skin and pure autologous split-thickness skin graft. The wound
healing was observed routinely and the scores were evaluated
using Vancouver scar scale at different times following
transplant surgery. The combination of the meshed ADX and the
split-thickness skin autograft applied in deep full-thickness
burns and scar wounds may induce tissue regeneration via
dermis aiming. This method also has superior shape and
functional recovery, and has an extensive clinical application
value.cografting of ADX and split-thickness skin autograft is an
ideal treatment method for the repair of deep full-thickness
burnsyesExperimental study7/16XenograftSkin grafts from
genetically modified α-1,3-galactosyltransferase knockout
miniature swine: A functional equivalent to allograftsD.A.
Leonard,a,b,c,*,1 C. Mallard,a,1 A. Albritton,a R. Torabi,a,b M.
Mastroianni,a,b D.H. Sachs,a J.M. Kurtz,a,d and C.L. Cetrulo,
Jra,b, 2017N/ACollect data to support stage 1 clinical trials of
GaIT-KOExperimental studyGalT-KO porcine skin grafts
warrant further investigation in a phase 1 clinical trial to
confirm safety, as this technology has the potential to offer an

7. attractive alternative or addition to allogeneic skin in the
management of severe burns.No statistically significant
difference was identified between GalT-KO and allogeneic skin
grafts in any of the assessed parameters, and graft take and
function was not adversely effected by the freeze–thaw process.
These data demonstrate that GalT-KO porcine grafts are
functionally comparable to allogeneic skin grafts for temporary
closure of full thickness wounds, and support their
consideration as an alternative to cadaver allogeneic skin in the
emergency management of large burns.Possible future type of
xenograft--maybe we can use this in a conclusion to tie in future
researchNoSurvey8/16Preferences for treatmentResults of a
survey on the use of different treatment options for partial and
full thickness burnsM.H.E. Hermans, 29 April 1998
(seminal)N/ASurvey to analyse different burn
treatmentsInternational surveyQuestions were asked on the
treatment preferred for partial thickness burns, mixed (partial
and full thickness) burns. and full thickness burns.
The preferential treatment for partial and mixed burns was to be
chosen from a list with treatment options survey showed that
burn care is not always driven by scientific prool and dated
practices, even when scientifically unsound, are still used.
There is clearly no real consistency in the way similar burns are
treated in different centers and countriesAnother study showing
lack of cohesive studies supporting best practices for burn
treatmentsyes Experimental study9/16
primary source burn injuries, wound dressing, xenografts,
wound healing Hemocompatibility of different burn wound
dressings. Denzinger, M., Held, M., Scheffler, H., Haag, H.,
Nussler, A. K., Wendel, H. P., Schlensak, C., Daigeler, A., &
Krajewski, S. (2019). Wound Repair & Regeneration, 27(5),
470–476.5to compare the hemocompatibility and
immunogenicity of burn wound dressings/ skin substitutes
becasue blood reaction toward wound dressings may cause a
reaction that will either cause an immune reaction or exacerbate
a pre-existing reponse already taking place which would effect

8. wound healing process and the immune system's reaction
Experimental studyIndependent variable: wound dressing/ skin
substitutes Depedent varibale: human whole blood"there was
no difference in hemoglobin concentrations after incibation,"
porcine collogen fibers may inititate a coagulation cascade,
sample C (contains porcine dermis), showed high increases in
TAT-III concentrations this showing that coagulation was
activated while being incubated for 30 min. thus supporting the
lower INR values of sample when compared to the control, and
higher beta-thromboglobulin concentrations compared to control
and baseline(a marker for platelet acitivation), none of the
dressings presented with high or low Hb (hemolysis) compared
to control, SC5b-9 complement activation indicator had close
readings to level with control but higher than baseline values,
cytolkine (IL-1B & IFN-y) immune response marker did not of
extremely high or low lelvels compared to control experiment
conclusion- xenografts (sample C &D) had a hemostyptic effect,
sample D caused the compliment system acitvation, none of the
wound dressings/ skin replacemnts caused hemolysis of the
blood nor cytokine release (IL-1B or IFN-y).yesRandomized
control study10/16 primary source partial-thickness scald
burn injuries, porcine xenograft, wound healing timeSuperiority
of silver-foam over procine xenograft dressings for treatment of
scalds in children: A prospective randomised controlled trial
Karlsson, M., Elmasry, M., Steinvall, I., Sjöberg, F., Olofsson,
P., & Thorfinn, J. (2019). Burns (03054179), 45(6), 1401–
1409.58to evaulate wound healing time with secondary
evaulation of pain, need for operation, wound infection,
duration of hospital stay, amount of dressing chnages and length
of time to change dressingsRandomized control
studyinterventions: procine xenografts vs. silver-foam dressings
for the treatment of partila thickness scald burns Independent
variables: porcine zenografts, silver-foam dressing dependent
variables: burn woundmedian time for 97% helaing: porcine 15
(9-29) days, Silver-foam 9 (7-23) days; median time for
complete healing: porcine xenograft 20.5 (11-42) days, silver-

9. foam 15 (9-29) days; pain, infection risk, duration of stay, and
number of operations were similar; dressing change number and
length of time to complete was lower with silver-foam requested
full text of study through interlibrary loan yes Case
Study11/16pediatric burn wond, allograft, wound healing
timeHuman Skin Allograft: Is it a Viable Option in Management
of Burn Patients? Gupta, S., Mohapatra, D. P., Chittoria, R. K.,
Subbarayan, E., Reddy, S. K., Chavan, V., Aggarwal, A., &
Reddy, L. C. (2019).Journal of Cutaneous & Aesthetic Surgery,
12(2), 132–135.1determines if cadaver allografts have a
significant place in the treatment of burn wounds Case studyon
2nd day of post injury, exicision and biological (fresh skin
allograft) coverage of the deep second-degree wound (10%
TBA) with the donor being the patient's father. allograft was
removed (peeled off) on the 14th post-op day signs of graft
rejection began to occur on the 10th post-op day. upon removal
on the 14th post-op day the wound underneath was completley
healed. besides the graft rejection no other complications
(hypovolemia, dyselectolytemia, or infections) occured yes
Retrospective study12/16third degree brun wounds peds &
adult patients, allografts, zenografts, healing time Comparison
of Outcomes between Allograft vs Xenograft use in Burn
InjuriesMegan E. Pencek, BS, Franca S. Kraenzlin, MHS, Derek
E. Bell, MD. (2016)
University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
North American Society of Plastic Surgeons.77determine the
statistical outcome differences exist between allografts and
xenografts Restrospective study 52 patients had allograft wound
coverage, 25 patients had xenograft wound converage= 122
allografted and 65 xenografted sites variables: patient
demographics, burn etiology and location, graft measurements,
procedure time, percent graft take, time to complete re-
epithelialization, complications following grafting, and
cost.average total operating time/cm2 area- xenograft (10.1
seconds/cm2 grafted) vs allograft (13.0 seconds/cm2 grafted),
total procedure time- xenograft (4.6 seconds/cm2 grafted) vs

10. allograft (65.5 seconds/cm2 grafted), average time to complete
re-epithelialization- xenograft (45.2 +/- 17.9 days) vs allografts
(44.1+/-14.0 days) compliation findings: hyptertrophi scarring-
xenograft (20.0%) vs allograft (27.9%), hypersensitivity-
xenograft (12.3%) vs allograft (7.4%), decreased range of
motion- xenograft (12.3%) vs allograft (10.7%), dyschromia
(altered skin prigmentation)- xenograft (7.79%) vs allograft
(23.8%)provides statistical datayes
TextbookN/AN/AReading,understanding, and applying nursing
research Fain, J. A. (2021). (6th ed.). N/Aresearch
methodology TextbookN/AN/Asources explains the research
methodology we utilized to find, collect, and appraise our
sources pp. 75-76 yes (2019)Case Series13/16Xenograft - fish
skinAcellular Fish Skin Grafts for Management of Split
Thickness Donor Sites and Partial Thickness Burns: A Case
Series. Alam, Khurshid; Jeffery, Steven L A, 201910to show the
effectiveness of using fish skin in acute burnsCase seriesTen
patients all over the age of 18 having split-thickness skin
grafting for burn injury were treated with the fish skin
xenografts. All donor sites were harvested at a depth of
8/1,000th of an inch. variables: age range from 18-80Time to
90% epithelialization was reached with an average of 8.5 days
(range 7–13). Time to 100% epithelialization had an average of
11.5 days (range 10–16)study that shows healing time with fish
skin graftsno (2015) Case Study14/16AllograftThree Pediatric
Cases Study with Over 80% TBSA Burn Injury - Surgical
Treatment by Using Skin Allografts: A Viable Option for
Alternative Cover. Cristina A. Avram, Dan M. Enescu, Dan
Ionita, 20153using skin allografts as a viable option for burn
coverageCase studythree patient cases with 85- 95% TBSA
third-degree flame burn, who received complex surgical
treatment with both allografts and autograftsTemporary
alternative cover in massive burn injury, use as biological
dressing, promotes healing of partial burnstudy that shows how
allografts prevent infection and further tissues lossno
(2016)Comparative study15/16Skin graftEffects of early versus

11. delayed excision and grafting on the return of the burned hand
function.Salehi, Seyed Hamid; Sedghi, Maryam; Fatemi,
Mohammad Javad; Niazi, Mitra, 201660to determine the the
impacts of early excision and grafting on hosptial stay time
Comparative studysixty patients were placed into early excision
(No. =30) and delayed excision group (No. =30)early excision
and grafting with proper physical therapy and rehabilitation
management provides a higher functional outcomestudy that
shows if early excision and grafting can decrease hospital stay
time and lead to a faster, higher functional outcomeyes
(2017)Comparative study16/16Xenograft (fish skin) Allograft
(human amnion/chorion
membrane)Regenerative and Antibacterial Properties of
Acellular Fish Skin Grafts and Human Amnion/Chorion
Membrane: Implications for Tissue Preservation in Combat
Casualty Care.Magnusson, Skuli; Baldursson, Baldur Tumi;
Kjartansson, Hilmar; Rolfsson, Ottar; Sigurjonsson, Gudmundur
Fertram, 2017N/Ato assess properties of acellular fish skin and
human amnion/chorion membranes relevant for severe
injuriesComparative studygrafts: acellular fish skin compared to
dehydrated human amnion/chorion membraneThe unique
biomechanical properties of the acellular fish skin graft make it
ideal to be used as a conformal cover for severe trauma and
burn woundsstudy that shows fish skin is more effective as it is
a bacterial barrier and supports cell growthyes (2020)Double
blind randomized study17/16Xenograft (fish skin) Allograft
(human amnion/chorion
membrane)Fish skin grafts compared to human amnion/c horion
membrane allografts: A double‐ blind, prospective, randomized
clinical trial of acute wound healing. Kirsner, Robert S.;
Margolis, David J.; Baldursson, Baldur T.; Petursdottir, Kristin;
Davidsson, Olafur B.; Weir, Dot; Lantis, John C., 2020170To
compare fish skin xenografts to human amnion/chorion
membrane allograftsRandomized control studygrafts: acellular
fish skin compared to human amnion/chorion membranewounds
treated with fish skin grafts heal faster than wounds treated with

12. human amnion/chorion membranestudy that shows fish skin
grafts decrease wound healing time compared to human
amnion/chorion membrane allograftsyes (2021)Comparative
study18/16Xenograft (fish skin) Allograft (fetal bovine
dermis)Accelerated Wound Closure of Deep Partial Thickness
Burns with Acellular Fish Skin GraftStone, Randolph, 20216To
show that fish skin graft integrated faster without increased
contraction,
resulting in quicker wound closure without skin graft
application
which suggests fish skin graft improved burn wound healing
over fetal bovine dermis.Comparative studygrafts: acellular fish
skin compared to fetal bovine dermis findings support the use of
fish skin graft for achieving enhanced wound closure as
evidenced by quicker integration and reepithelization without
increased contraction.studys show that the use of fish skin
emhanced wound closure vs. allograft yesMeta
analysis19/16Allograft Skin substitutes for extensive burn
coverage in Togo: A retrospective study. Edem, K. K. T., Séna,
A. K., Batarabadja, B., Dzidzo, A. K. J., Yanick, D. Y., &
Joseph, D. E. D. (2021). 44 children with severe 25-78 TBSA .
two children went through skin substitution by dermal templates
and te other two went through skin allograts Retrospective
studyThe availability of dermal templates compelled the choice
between the two skin substitutes. campaign for the use of skin
substitutes especially for children, who are more involved and
more brittle to burn injury, would be beneficial. campaign or
the use of skin substitutes especially for children, who are more
involved and more brittle to burn injury, would be
beneficialYesMeta analysis20/16Allograft vs
autograftComparison of autograft and allograft tendons in
posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: A meta-analysis.
Tian, P., Hu, W. Q., Li, Z. J., Sun, X. L., & Ma, X. L. (2017).
N/AComparison of autograft and allograft tendons in posterior
cruciate ligament reconstructionMeta analysisA total of 167
studies were identified where 153 reports were excluded

13. because of duplication and irrelevancy and the remaining 14
studies underwent a comprehensive full-text evaluation. The
autograft gave better results than the allograft in the posterior
stability of the knee the present meta-analysis shows that the
clinical outcomes were similar between arthroscopic allograft
and autograft tendons for PCL reconstruction. YesMeta
analysis21/16Allograft The impact of skin allograft on inpatient
outcomes in the treatment of major burns 20–50% total body
surface area—A propensity score matched analysis using the
nationwide inpatient sample. Sheckter, C. C., Li, A., Pridgen,
B., Trickey, A. W., Karanas, Y., & Curtin, C. (2019).
3,557Assessing the efficacy of allograft in the treatment of
major burns between 20-50Meta analysisDischarge data from
the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS), Healthcare Cost and
Utilization Project (HCUP), Agency for Healthcare Research
and Quality assessed 3557 major burn patients (>second degree
depth and 20-50% TBSA) undergoing operative treatment.
Outcomes were evaluated with propensity score matching. After
matching, 771 allografted patients were paired with 1774
controls. Allograft use in major burns 20–50% TBSA was
associated with a significant increase in inpatient mortality.
YesPilot study22/16AllograftCan skin allograft occasionally act
as a permanent coverage in deep burns? A pilot study. World
journal of plastic surgeryRezaei, E., Beiraghi-Toosi, A.,
Ahmadabadi, A., Tavousi, S. H., Tabrizi, A. A., Fotuhi, K., ...
& Moghadam, S. A. (2017). 38skin allograft was assesd in 38
patients in this case case study between mrch 2009 to march
2014. patients with long skin allograft survival in whom the
gender of donor and recipient of allograft was the same were
excluded. Seven cases with skin allograft longevity and
opposite gender in donor and recipient were finally enrolled.
Pilot studyskin allograft was assessed in 38 patients between
2009 and 2014. Seven cases with skin allograft longevity and
opposite gender in donor and recipient were finally enrolled.
In eight months of follow up, no clinical evidence of graft
rejection was noted. Long term persistence of skin allograft in

14. patients is worthy of more attentionYesMeta
analysis23/16Xenografts vs AllograftPorcine xenografts vs.
(cryopreserved) allografts in the management of partial
thickness burns: Is there a clinical difference?Michel H.E.
Hermans, M.D (2017). N/AThe study aims to investigate
whether true (statistically significant) differences exist on
clinical performance and on other determinants for use.Meta
analysisDatabases of PubMed, Medline, Google, and the search
engine of the Endnote X5 programme (Thompson Reuters,
Carlsbad, CA, USA) were searched, focusing primarily on
partial thickness burns, porcine skin, porcine derived matrix,
preservation methods.No evidence was found showing that
xenograft, their derivatives, or allografts perform better
clinically in the management of partial thickness burns. All
these materials provide rapid reepithelialisation, pain relief,
protection of the
wound and, generally, good long-term results.
yesExperimental study24/16fish skin graft“Improved Skin
Regeneration with Acellular Fish Skin Grafts.” Engineered
RegenerationFiakos, Gabriella, 202051The journal shows the
studies of skin regeneration used on diabetic foot
ulcers.Experimental studyData given was purely fish skin graft
results as the focus of the collectionThree patients were found
to have 100% wound area reduction in six weeks. In patients
with chronic wounds (>3 months), slower healing rates were
observed at 41.1% and 41.2%. An overall trend of earlier and
faster healing times was observed for all subjects. Complete
healing was observed in 46% of patients at 5 months for
transmetatarsal amputations and 72% for digital amputations. In
addition to a general reduction of wound area, no pain,
irritation, or odor was perceived as intolerable by the
patientsIt's important to note the general healing and skin
regeneration that fish skin grafts promote and how they are the
better alternative to the allograft we compare to in our PICO
question"I pledge to support the Honor System of Old Dominion
University. I will refrain from any form of academic dishonesty

15. or deception, such as cheating or plagiarism. I am aware that as
a member of the academic community, it is my responsibility to
turn in all suspected violators of the Honor Code. I will report
to a hearing if summoned." Group names: Genny Mullins,
Bianca Wohleking, Kemisola Adeyemi, Robin Laribee, and
Brooke Macadam
Date: 18 Feb 2021
Create a Detailed Outline- Using the PICO and literature review
table, create a detailed outline for this topic: “Allografts
Compared to Xenografts in Reducing Wound Healing Time in
Burn Patients”
You must use from literature review table, see excel attached.
Your outline must include the following:
Detailed Paper Outline:
Possible Points
Points Given
Comments
Headings for Introduction, Body, and Conclusion including
topic-appropriate titles, first level headings, and second level
headings per APA format
Thesis statement clearly stated in Introduction outline
Contains headings for P, I, C, and O

16. Contains at least 2 topic statements for EACH section (P,I,C,O)
Contains at least 2-3 bullets with supportive arguments for
EACH topic statement
Complete the following outline template
Allografts Compared to Xenografts in Reducing Wound Healing
Time in Burn Patients
Intro….thesis statement
Primary problem
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Interventions
Allographs
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Comparison

17. Xenographs
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Outcome
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Conclusion
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PICO Worksheet
PICO
Main Focus Area
List several search terms for each part (synonyms, alternate
spellings, abbreviations, etc.)
P (patient/population/problem)
What is the primary problem?
Burn Victims
Patients suffering from burns, Large burn injuries, deep burns,
second degree (partial-thickness) burns & third or fourth degree

18. (full- thickness) burns, severe burns, swelling skin, blistering
skin, charred skin
I (intervention)
What main intervention are you considering?
Allograft
Cadaver grafts, temporary allograft, allotransplantation,
homograft
C (comparison)
What is a possible alternate intervention?
Xenograft
fish skin bandage, fish skin technology, Omega3 fish-skin graft,
decellularized fish skin, acellular piscine, acellular dermal
matrix,
temporary fish xenograft
Fish xenograft heterograft, xenotransplantation, heterologous
transplant
O (outcome)
What are you trying to accomplish?
Reduce risk of complication
eliminate, avert, block
Graft vs. host, graft rejection, graft vs. host disease (GVHD),
post-transplant graft rejection
Type of Question (circle one):
Therapy Etiology/Harm Prevention
Diagnosis Prognosis Other
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Clinical Question:

19. PICO QUESTION: Allografts Compared to Xenografts in
Reducing Wound Healing Time in Burn Patients