4. PPP in CEE in particularly needed due to:
• Great scale of negligence in the field of public services during real socialism,
• Strong and increasing public deficits and public budgets limitations,
• Increasing expectations of the societies regarding the infrastructure and public
services,
• Poor qualifications of public officials in regarding the infrastructural projects
management and operation,
• Politicisation of privatisation process as a part of political games – negative
connotations,
• The challenges, which public authorities in EU countries are facing, regarding the
consumption of EU funds.
6. Czech Republic
• In September 2011 Ministry of Regional Development concluded a concession
contract with 5 concessionaires who were commissioned with creating and
operating the so-called electronic marketplaces (EMP) – first PPP project on
the central level,
• On municipal level, a number of PPP projects in operation phase – water
management, football stadium, pool, bus-stops, city-lightning and three senior
houses. Demand for PPP on the municipal level is increasing: e.g. PPP
project of public transport in Pilsen are under preparation. Most of these projects
are based on availability fee,
• The only project under preparation on central level is 19 km long part of
highway D3
• Changes in the Public Procuement Act has been adopted by the Czech
Parliament in November 2011. New rules on the transparency of contracts
and subcontractors in the public tendering procedure entered into force 1st
April 2012.
Special thanks to Mr. Vladimír Sloup, Asociace PPP, Czech Republic
7. Hungary
There is no specific PPP legislation, PPP Projects are implemented through Public
Procurement Act, Municipal Act and Civic Code,
Public Finance Act determines if the value of the PPP project is exceeding 180 mln euro
there has to be an acceptance from the Parliament, below 180 mln euro – acceptance
form the Government is necessary,
Update of the Public Finance Act in 2010 regulated the issue of off-the-balance sheet
treatment of PPP projects,
On the state level, PPP projects are implemented mainly by:
• Ministry of Economy and Transport (M5, M6 highways),
• Ministry of Justice (2 prisons),
• National Sports Office (swimming pools, sport halls),
• Ministry of Education and Culture (students' hostels, Palace of Arts).
Majority of the projects are implemented as DBFO model,
Future PPP sectors:
• National railway network – high speed rail,
• National toll payment system,
• Education – secondary schools,
• Court buildings – reconstruction and operation,
• Healthcare – hospitals,
• Sport facilities – stadiums, watersport centre.
8. Bulgaria
• A draft of a PPP Act was developed in 2011. The draft was approved by the
Council of Ministers in September 2011 and is currently being considered by the
National Parliament. By the end of April 2012 the PPP Act will be adopted,
• The aim of the Act is to give clear definition and set clear rules for doing PPP,
• 2007-2010 there was on average only one infrastructure concession contract
signed per year – all of them for relatively small river ports,
• One concession contract was signed in 2011 - for port infrastructure on the
Black Sea - Concession for Port Bourgas East 2, contract period is 35 years,
starting from 01.01.2012, the value of the project is app.100 mln euro,
• The transport ministry, in cooperation with the ministry of finance, continues its
work on preparation of several more concessions in the area of airports, sea
and river ports as well as railway stations,
• Pleven is currently undertaking a water PPP with IFC acting as transaction
leader,
• The EIB alongside a banking consortium (Societe Generale Expressbank,
Elana Holding, Elana Investment, Balkan Advisors) has established a €56.4
million Urban Development Fund to invest in PPPs and infrastructure in 6
Bulgarian cities (Burgas, Pleven, Plovdiv, Ruse, Stara Zagora, Varna).
Special thanks to Mr. Galin Zhelev and the Ministry of Finance of Bulgaria, Real Sector Finance Directorate (PPP unit)
9. Romania
•Till the end of 2010 – did not have any legal act dedicated directly to PPP,
•PPP Act had been resolved by the Parliament in September 2010 and came into
force in October 2010, however the European Commission was not satisfied with
the framework as it did not mesh with European procurement laws and
encouraged Romania to redraft it – necessary changes were introduced in October
2011,
•Central Unit for Coordination of the PPP was established in 2011,
•Regardless the legislation, the National Strategy for PPP (in regarding PPP project
pipeline, good practices, risk structures, mechanisms of payment, ect.) has been
implemented by the Government, (the Strategy was prepared in cooperation with
European PPP Expertise Centre JASPERS initiative),
•EBRD has adopted a new 3-year strategy for Romania with a key objective being
the greater use of PPP and privatisations in the country. Key sector interest: water,
waste, roads, rail, district heating,
•Implemented PPPs: road infrastructure, waste management, airport modernization,
construction of Metroline 7 in Bucharest,
•PPP opportunities in the following sectors: healthcare, prisons, energy,
environment, transport, road infrastructure (Bucharest Bypass South Section &
Comarnic-Brasov Motorway)
Special thanks to Mr.s. Antonina Petrescu, PPP Coordinator, Louis Berger - PPP Unit. Regional Office for Central and Eastern Europe
10. Slovak Republic
• Slovakia’s centre-left opposition SMER stormed to an unprecedented (the best result for any party
since the independence in 1993) victory in parliamentary elections in March 2012 and will rule alone,
• The new goverment seems to be enthusiastic in terms of PPP and restart some of the PPP
projects scrapped by the outgoing government,
• One project is about to be finished on the central level – Highway R1,
• On the municipal level: 2 water management projects in operational stage (Trencin and Banska
Bystrica),
• Plans for projects: construction of broad-gauge rail from Kosice to Bratislava. (probably it will be
part of new governments program), road projects (many plans in the national level, but it depends
on new government).
Republic of Slovenia
•Public-private partnerships are regulated by PPP Act adopted in 2006,
•PPP has been used mainly at the local level (municipalities) in e.g. social housing,
kindergartens, waste management, sports infrastructure, cultural buildings, parking garages,
public lightning and photovoltaic,
•step-by-step PPP good practice has been developed,
•On the central level there have been no significant PPP projects,
•PPP projects pipeline should be developed,
•Due to a small size of PPP projects on local level and absence of central PPP projects,
Slovenia has not been an interesting case for foreign investors so far.
Special thanks to Mr. Michal Považan, Slovak PPP Association, Slovak Republic and Mrs. Petra Ferk, Institute for PPP, Slovenia
11. Moldova
•In 2008 the Law on public-private Partnership has been adopted,
•PPP projects pipeline prepared by the goverment and PPP Unit is about to be
introduced in the first half of 2012,
•The National Council of PPP (deputy prime-minister, ministers, NGO’s,
investment banks) first meeting is about to be organized in the first half of 2012,
•The city of Chisinau has approved a €11.7 million loan from the EBRD to fund
various PPP projects for the modernisation of the city's street infrastructure
(roads, parkings, pavements, street lighting). The tender for the project is expected to
begin after May 2012 with works planned for the second half of 2012,
•Implemented PPP projects: 2 on central level (healthcare, ICT) and 12 on local
level (healthcare, waste management, culture),
•PPP projects in preparation: 33 on central level (carparks, social infrastructure,
airport, sport infrastructure, ICT, road infrastructure) and 57 on local level
(healthcare, waste management, road infrastructure).
Special thanks to Mr. Ion Potlog, Head of the PPP Unit, Public Property Agency, Ministry of Economy of Republic of Moldova
12. Lithuania
Concession Law adopted in 1996, PPP Law in 2009, PPP Unit established in 2010,
In 2010 there was a program introduced by the Government to boost PPP in priority sectors:
transport, education, social housing, public order and safety,
5 PPP Pilot Projects have been initiated in 2010 – social housing, education (secondary
school), transport (bypass), safety (prison) and public order (police station). Pilot PPPs are
slow in process, but they creates concrete background with minimum risk;
More than 40 PPP projects so far (mainly service concessions),
4 prison projects are under discussion to be procured as 25 year DBFOT contracts:
• Vilnius €34 million (£28m $45m) holding 1,620 inmates
• Klaipeda €21 million (£17,5m $28m) holding 800 inmates
• Panevežys €17 million (£14m $22,5m) holding 400 inmates
• Šiauliai €35 million (£29m $46,5m) holding 1,180 inmates
Each prison will be procured separately in the late 2012.
The Capital, Vilnius is preparing tender documents to procure a €25 million upgrade,
operation and maintenance for its street lighting through a PPP. 19-year DBFOM contract is to
cover 691km of city streets. Project is supposed to be launched at the end of Q3 2012,
Vilnius – Utena 61,8 km road reconstruction to launch IVQ 2012, DBFO, 35 mln EUR, 25 years,
Expansion of 34,5 km of 1st Trans-European Corridor E65 to launch in I Q 2015,
DBFO, 100 mln EUR 25 years,
15 potential PFI-type projects for social infrastructure - scheduled for min 15 - max 25 years.
Special thanks to Mr. Tadas Jagminas, Invest Lithuania
13. Estonia
There is no specific PPP Law, all PPP are done according to Public Procurment,
Lack of clear PPP policy framework/strategy or PPP Project Pipeline,
No centralized PPP development - public authority has autonomy to decide on PPP,
PPP sectors of interest: education (project in Tallinn – 18 schools renovated), municipal
administrative buildings, social housing.
PPP project on the central level – headquaters for: State Tax Authority and Statistical
Bureau,
There have been discussion mainly from the private sector discussing opportunities
associated with PPP in other sectors, but public authorities are rather passive in this issue
Latvia
There was PPP Action Plan 2006-2009, created in 2005,
PPP Law came into force in 2009,
Latvia is currently emerging from the deepest recession,
There have been few PPP projects but public authorities are prudent,
Concessions are allowed but for other types of PPP there should be accept from Ministry
of Finance,
There have been more than 60 PPP agreements in force (80% concessions),
Main PPP sectors: transport, education, healthcare, water/waste, justice/courts,
Special thanks to Mr. Lauri Henno, U.S. Real Estate Management, Estonia
14. Ukraine
• PPP Law was adopted in 2010 and the by-laws on its implementation – in 2011, but till present
there were no project started using these procedures; In March 2012 the draft law on
incorporation of changes to the PPP law was registered in the Ukrainian Parliament,
• Opportunity to initiate PPP projects by the private sector,
• PPP sectors: transport, social housing, water management, solid waste, sports & leisure,
• Most active regions: Kyiv region, Donetsk region, Zaporizhzhia, Mykolayiv,
• Competition between operators/investors is relatively low,
• Among the positive moments that witness about speeding up of PPP in Ukraine is announcement of
competition for consultant selection for implementation of metro construction in form of PPP.
Belarus
• There is a clear message from the President and the Government to establish and develop
effective PPP mechanism in the country,
• Belarusian PPP Law had been drafted and it has been assessed by UNECE Experts of the UN
Economic Commission for Europe, action plan will be prepared on a basis of preliminary
report,
• Necessary conditions for implementing PPP projects in Belarus are being considered, including the
establishment of a center of PPP expertise and training of qualified experts,
• Current needs in the economic and social sectors are enormous – PPP could be applied,
• PPP Pilot Project is also considered to be introduced.
Special thanks to Mrs. Irina Zapatrina, Chairman of the Board at Ukrainian PPP Center and Mr. Dzmitry Berazouski, Executive Director of the Coordinating Unit for the
European Union's Tacis Programme in the Republic of Belarus
15. Croatia
• Croatia hopes to gain full EU membership in 2013,
• PPP projects implemented in road infrastructure, education, sports and utility,
• Only one signed PPP project in last 4 years – Zagreb airport (200 mln euro),
• Sector of interest: energy, healthcare, ports, energy efficiency in public buildings,
justice,
Kosovo
•Infrastructure gap for approximately 3 billion euro (in the next 3-5 years),
•Main sectors in which private sector could participate: transport, energy, ICT,
•PPP Law is investor-friendly in accordance with intenrational PPP best practice,
•PPP Inter-ministerial Steering Committee and Centralized PPP Unit
-Partnerships Kosovo have been created,
Special thanks to Mr. Saša Marenjak, Prof.dr.sc. at PPP Centar, Croatia and Mrs. Nora Bakali Legal Advisor, Public Private Partnership Unit, kosovo
16. Serbia
• In 2011 there was a new Law on PPP and Concessions introduced, (e.g new
law distinguishes between institutional and contractual PPP),
• The Government seeks to attract €4 billion of investments into local
infrastructure through PPP over the next decade.
Macedonia
•Special Law on PPP and Concessions adopted in 2007,
•Few positive experiences with PPP in the past (e.g. airports under
concession),
•Several PPP projects in Skopje: amusement park, administrative facility and car
park, waste facility.
17. Albania
• EBRD alongside the city of Tirana in Albania is preparing a feasibility study on procuring a new
public transport terminal on a DBFOT basis,
• The terminal will be situated on an 85,000m2 plot provided by the city and will consist of: bus
terminals, tram/train station, parking and retail,
• The contract will have a 20-year plus concession and will be opened as an international tender.
The EBRD will look to help finance the project with the winning bidder.
Bosnia and Herzegovina
• PPP Law adopted in 2009, the cooperation model between public and private sector is a
relatively new model, where market is still in the early stages,
• PPP sectors of interest: power facilities, recycling facilities, water and waste management,
education, healthcare,transport.
Montenegro
• PPP is regulated by Law on participation of private sector in the procurement of public services and the
Law on Concessions in 2009,
• Sectors of interest: tourism, energy, roads.
• Local municipalities interested in PPP: Podgorica, Budva,
19. First PPP Act
Public-Private Partnership Act
June 2005
No PPP projects implemented!
Reasons for failure: bad political climate, lack of knowledge about PPP, strict regulations?
New PPP regulations – came into force in February 2009
The Public-Private Partnership Act
19 December 2008
Concession for construction works and services Act
;
9 January 2009
20. Number of PPPs and Concessions announcements in Poland 2009, 2010, 2011
+ 47 %
+47%
PPPs
– 31 %
• The number of announcements, on a basis of PPP Act and concession for works and services Act,
is 41 in 2009, 61 in 2010 and 42 in 2011 – summing up 144 announcements.
• The number of actual projects in 2009, 2010 and 2011 was 33, 51 i 36 – summing up 120
projects.
21. PPP announcements 2009 – 2011
+ 47 %
Municipal Elections at the end of 2010 could be the reason…
22. Number of announcements, number of projects and contract signed
PPP in Poland 2009 – 2011
number of announcements
number of actual projects
number of contracts signed
• 24 projects were commerially closed (agreement signed) during 2009-2011:
18 out of 24 was also financially closed,
Signed contracts accounts for app. 15-20% of the initial number of
announcements.
• Approximately 50% of the announcements were cancelled – often due to lack of
oficially submitted bids by the private partners.
23. PPP announcements in sectors (2009-2011)
The most popular sectors:
Sports & Leisure (34%)
Communal infrastructure (15%)
Transport & Carparks (18%)
Education (5%)
24. PPP announcements in sectors (2009-2011)
Source: on a basis of Investment Suppor reports on polish PPP market in 2009, 2010 and 2011
26. Value of PPP projects (in sectors) in Poland 2009 – 2011
• The value of the polish PPP market for the last 3 years, taking into consideration
announced projects, is estimated* to 5 bln PLN (app. 1,2 bln EUR),
• Strong variation of PPP projects does not allow the use the term of average value -
e.g. in Sports & Leisure projects 0,6 mln PLN - 375 mln PLN,
• The highest vaule of PPP projects have been is the sectors: Sports & Leisure, waste
management, water management and carparks,
• In comparison to the european** PPP projects – polish PPPs are relatively small. It is
mainly due to a fact that majority of PPP projects have been implemented by
municipalities, which are resposible locally for activities in particular regions and as a
consequence those projects are not that big,
• One of the reasons of the PPP projects low value is the lack of the central government
involvement in the implementation of PPPs. There are several central goverment
projects that could and should be implemented using PPP: courts and prisons, road
infrastructure (highways), rail infrastructure (High Speed Rail), air infrastructure (Airport
and MRTT) and many many others…
* The vaule of the planned PPP projects in the next 2 years in Poland is estimated to 15 bln PLN (3,7 bln EUR)
** the average value of PPP project commercially and financially closed is 163 mln EUR in 2010 and 213 mln EUR in 2011
27. PPP announcements in regions (2009-2011)
• PPP leaders in voievodships are: małopolskie (Cracov), wielkopolskie (Poznan), dolnośląskie
(Wroclaw), mazowieckie (Warsaw) pomorskie (Gdansk, Sopot, Gdynia) i śląskie (Katowice).
28. Planned PPP projects 2012
There have been more than 130 projects identified that are at the initial stage of
development – in which PPP/concession has been considered.
Some of the projects are about to be launched in 2012.
Source: www.pppbaza.pl.
29. Results of announcements 2009-2010, Centrum PPP Survey
In general with advisors without advisors
• 24% of the all announcements in which external advisors were involved, ended up with signing a
contract, 31% was cancelled,
• In announcements where external advisors were not involved – only 10% were signed contracts
and more than 60% were cancelled,
Including external advisors in PPP projects is even more important than in traditional procurement due to a fact that:
PPP project are far more complicated than the traditional procurement,
There is a need to secure public interest in PPP projects,
PPP projects are long-term investments.
30. Common mistakes in preparing PPP projects in Poland:
Lack of proper analysis (economic-financial, legal, technical),
Improper way of selecting private partner (concession vs PPP –
payment mechanism),
Unrealistic expectations of public authority regarding private partner,
Lack of market testing before the announcement,
Improper criteria for selecting best bid,
Lack of flexibility during the negotiations,
Lack of knowledge in regarding PPP, Public Procurement and other
Law.
32. PPP in various sectors across the Europe
Sector Social Education Water
Town halls Airports Defence Health care ICT Ports Prisons Rail Roads Sport & Leisure
Country housing Schools management
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
France
Greece
Spain
Netherlands
Ireland
North Ireland
Lithuania
Latvia
Malta
Germany
Poland
Portugal
Russia
Romania
Slovak Republic
Slovenia
Scotland
Switzerland
Hungary
United Kingdom
Italy
Executed,done Under preparation
33. Conclusions
• CEE PPP market has been still at the initial stage of development although
there has been several PPP experiences across the region,
• Financial crisis affected PPP market,
• There are few big projects on the horizon in the CEE region:
? A1 Highway and High-Speed Rail, Poland,
? D3, Czech Republic,
? D4, Slovak Republic,
? Bucharest Bypass and Comarnic – Brasov Motorway, Romania,
? Milot-Morine, Albania,
• Costruction companies have become infrastructure operators,
• Key International infrastructure operators move to CEE region.
34. Thank you
for your attention
Bartosz Mysiorski Centrum PPP is an independent unit and its aim is to significantly
accelerate private investments in meeting these public needs, for which
Bartosz Mysiorski, Chief Specialist in PPP the state lacks financing. More investment in public infrastructure,
together with simultaneous improvement in the quality of its positive
impact on the economic growth will improve the quality of everyday life.
E-mail: bartosz.mysiorski@centrum-ppp.pl
Centrum PPP was founded in 2008 by more than 40 public and private
Mobile: +48 519 138 517 entities including banks, law firms, consulting companies, firms,
regional development agencies, foundations, associations, chambers
and business agencies.
The Centrum is given government support from Ministry of Finance,
Ministry of Economy, Ministry of Infrastructure, as well as the local
authorities.
www.centrum-ppp.pl
www.pppbaza.pl
www.tep-ppp.eu
