The document provides background information on a public lecture given about research conducted on photographs taken in 1873 of Aboriginal people in Grafton, NSW by German photographer John William Lindt. Some key findings from the research project include:
1) Charlie Whitton is believed to be "King Charley of Ulmarra" depicted in one of Lindt's photographs based on evidence linking him to the McLachlan property where the photo was taken.
2) Arthur Devlin is identified as the figure lying down in one photo based on a matching prison photo from 1877.
3) Mary Ann Cowan is confirmed to be the young woman labeled "Mary Ann of Ulmarra" after a photo of her as an
Jim Fitzpatrick is an Irish artist known for his Celtic artwork depicting Irish mythology as well as album covers. He grew up in Dublin and was influenced by his grandfather's Victorian illustrations. Fitzpatrick had a talent for art from a young age and further developed it during childhood illnesses. He is best known for his iconic Che Guevara image from 1968, which he silkscreened and popularized. Fitzpatrick hopes his Celtia series of paintings adding to interest in Irish mythology. The series was influenced by his childhood and international artists. He celebrates Ireland's rich cultural heritage and the Celtic people's widespread influence.
Charles Dickens was one of the most famous and influential English authors of the 19th century. He wrote many acclaimed novels that explored social problems and criticized the shortcomings of Victorian society. One of his most famous and enduringly popular early works was Oliver Twist, published in 1837-1838. The story follows the mistreatment of the orphaned boy Oliver in a workhouse and on the streets of London where he falls in with a criminal gang led by the villainous Fagin, before ultimately being rescued by the benefactor Mr. Brownlow.
Seamus Heaney was an Irish poet who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1995. His poem "Punishment" was inspired by the archaeological discovery of a preserved bog body in Denmark from the Iron Age. In the poem, Heaney imagines the perspective of a young woman who was killed as punishment, possibly for sexual relations with British soldiers during the ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland in the 1960s, when Irish nationalists punished those seen as sympathizing with the British. The bog was used as a mass grave for outcasts and victims of ritual or judicial executions in Irish history and tradition.
Researching Old homesteads of Marlborough - History Camp 2015chanlothian
There were 124 paintings of local homesteads andlandscapes done by Ellen Carpenter at the turn of the last century. These paintings appear in the book 'Historical Reminiscences of the Early Times in Marlborough, MA by Ella Bigelow in 1910. Today the paintings are easy to find on display at the Marlborough Library, but what about the houses? Are they still standing? What became of them? In this session I discuss my multi=year project to find all of them and create a site history for each, with photos taken from the same angle and location as the original paintings. I also describe the resources used for researching old houses and sites and show the result, with 'Then and Now' images. Researched, written, and presented by Chandra Lothian, Trustee of the Marlborough Historical Society on March 28. 2015 at History Camp at the Harriet Tubman House in Boston MA.
Prepared and presented by Paul Brodeur and Alan Chamberlain for the Marlborough Historical Society on September 26, 2011, the 150 Anniversary of the Taking of the John Brown Bell from the Engine House at Harpers Ferry.
The fascinating account of the men and motives that led to the taking of the John Brown Bell from Harpers Ferry by a group of men from Co. I, 13th Mass Infantry during the Civil War. And the equally fascinating account of the completion of John Brown's task by these same soldiers.
Marlboro Drum and Bugle Corp April 2015chanlothian
Marlborough Historical Society Trustee Bob Kane's April 2015 presentation on the "American Legion Drum & Bugle Corps: Three-Time National Champions in the 1930s"
This document summarizes the key points made in a book about the original founders of the 13 British colonies being five black kings from Europe. It provides images and descriptions of skulls and portraits of historical Scottish and English kings like Robert the Bruce, King James VI of Scotland, and Charles I of Scotland that the author claims show their subjects were black. The document argues this evidence supports the idea that ancient Europeans, including the founders of the colonies, retained dark skin for longer than traditionally believed.
The document provides an overview of 19th century Irish migration to Middlesbrough, England. It discusses the population growth and industrial development of Middlesbrough in the 19th century, which led to large-scale immigration from Ireland, Wales, and other parts of Britain. It analyzes census data from 1851 and 1861 that shows Irish immigrants integrated into Middlesbrough society through mixed marriages and living arrangements rather than segregating. The document also identifies some persisting linguistic features in Middlesbrough English that may have origins in Irish English dialects.
Jim Fitzpatrick is an Irish artist known for his Celtic artwork depicting Irish mythology as well as album covers. He grew up in Dublin and was influenced by his grandfather's Victorian illustrations. Fitzpatrick had a talent for art from a young age and further developed it during childhood illnesses. He is best known for his iconic Che Guevara image from 1968, which he silkscreened and popularized. Fitzpatrick hopes his Celtia series of paintings adding to interest in Irish mythology. The series was influenced by his childhood and international artists. He celebrates Ireland's rich cultural heritage and the Celtic people's widespread influence.
Charles Dickens was one of the most famous and influential English authors of the 19th century. He wrote many acclaimed novels that explored social problems and criticized the shortcomings of Victorian society. One of his most famous and enduringly popular early works was Oliver Twist, published in 1837-1838. The story follows the mistreatment of the orphaned boy Oliver in a workhouse and on the streets of London where he falls in with a criminal gang led by the villainous Fagin, before ultimately being rescued by the benefactor Mr. Brownlow.
Seamus Heaney was an Irish poet who won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1995. His poem "Punishment" was inspired by the archaeological discovery of a preserved bog body in Denmark from the Iron Age. In the poem, Heaney imagines the perspective of a young woman who was killed as punishment, possibly for sexual relations with British soldiers during the ethno-nationalist conflict in Northern Ireland in the 1960s, when Irish nationalists punished those seen as sympathizing with the British. The bog was used as a mass grave for outcasts and victims of ritual or judicial executions in Irish history and tradition.
Researching Old homesteads of Marlborough - History Camp 2015chanlothian
There were 124 paintings of local homesteads andlandscapes done by Ellen Carpenter at the turn of the last century. These paintings appear in the book 'Historical Reminiscences of the Early Times in Marlborough, MA by Ella Bigelow in 1910. Today the paintings are easy to find on display at the Marlborough Library, but what about the houses? Are they still standing? What became of them? In this session I discuss my multi=year project to find all of them and create a site history for each, with photos taken from the same angle and location as the original paintings. I also describe the resources used for researching old houses and sites and show the result, with 'Then and Now' images. Researched, written, and presented by Chandra Lothian, Trustee of the Marlborough Historical Society on March 28. 2015 at History Camp at the Harriet Tubman House in Boston MA.
Prepared and presented by Paul Brodeur and Alan Chamberlain for the Marlborough Historical Society on September 26, 2011, the 150 Anniversary of the Taking of the John Brown Bell from the Engine House at Harpers Ferry.
The fascinating account of the men and motives that led to the taking of the John Brown Bell from Harpers Ferry by a group of men from Co. I, 13th Mass Infantry during the Civil War. And the equally fascinating account of the completion of John Brown's task by these same soldiers.
Marlboro Drum and Bugle Corp April 2015chanlothian
Marlborough Historical Society Trustee Bob Kane's April 2015 presentation on the "American Legion Drum & Bugle Corps: Three-Time National Champions in the 1930s"
This document summarizes the key points made in a book about the original founders of the 13 British colonies being five black kings from Europe. It provides images and descriptions of skulls and portraits of historical Scottish and English kings like Robert the Bruce, King James VI of Scotland, and Charles I of Scotland that the author claims show their subjects were black. The document argues this evidence supports the idea that ancient Europeans, including the founders of the colonies, retained dark skin for longer than traditionally believed.
The document provides an overview of 19th century Irish migration to Middlesbrough, England. It discusses the population growth and industrial development of Middlesbrough in the 19th century, which led to large-scale immigration from Ireland, Wales, and other parts of Britain. It analyzes census data from 1851 and 1861 that shows Irish immigrants integrated into Middlesbrough society through mixed marriages and living arrangements rather than segregating. The document also identifies some persisting linguistic features in Middlesbrough English that may have origins in Irish English dialects.
The History of Artemas Ward Park -- The Marlborough Historical Societypebrodeur
The history of Ward Park, located in Marlborough, Massachusetts. Researched, written, and presented by Paul Brodeur, trustee of the Marlborough Historical Society, on March 22, 2011
This document provides an update on Larry Roeder's history project documenting the area of Conklin and Prosperity Baptist Church in Loudoun County, Virginia. It summarizes the early settlement of Conklin by both white and African American pioneers in the 18th century. It details Roeder's efforts to collect oral histories, photos, artifacts and records to preserve the history of prominent African American families like the Allens who lived in the area. The document outlines the boundaries of traditional Conklin and calls for help from community members to share their stories and knowledge to aid the project.
IRELAND - Part 5 : ANGLO-NORMAN in IRELANDabouzari_vaz
1) In the 12th century, an Irish king named Dermot Mac Murrough attacked another Irish king and took his wife. He was then driven out of Ireland by his enemies and sought help from the King of England, Henry II.
2) In 1169, Henry II sent men to Ireland to help Dermot. However, Henry's men stayed and began taking land for themselves, building cities and castles. Henry then declared himself King of England and Ireland.
3) For the next 400 years, English kings tried to rule Ireland from Dublin but faced resistance from Irish kings who did not want to be ruled by England. There was ongoing conflict between the English and Irish in Ireland.
Robert Louis Stevenson was a Scottish novelist known for adventure stories like Treasure Island and Kidnapped. He was born in 1850 in Edinburgh and struggled with poor health throughout his life. As a child, he was influenced by the stories of Scottish Covenanters told to him by his nurse. Though he studied law, Stevenson devoted himself to writing and traveled extensively in Scotland, France, California, and the South Pacific while continuing to produce works of fiction. He is best remembered for novels that celebrated adventure and brought Scottish history and landscapes to many readers. Stevenson died in 1894 at age 44 while living in Samoa.
As the combined colonial forces attempt to root out the Indian army of King Philip from central Massachusetts to the Connecticut River Valley, Marlborough becomes an important colonial army outpost on the frontier. It also becomes a target for attack, culminating in its destruction and abandonment in the spring of 1676.
This document summarizes a conference on the history of Chinese immigrants in Australia and North Queensland. It discusses how Chinese laborers were brought over to work on sugar plantations, mines and other industries. The keynote speaker discussed the experiences of Chinese workers in Cuba. It then details the experiences of Chinese immigrants in Queensland, including where they settled, the industries they worked in, and the racism they faced over time. Laws like the White Australia Policy severely restricted Chinese immigration and rights in Australia in the late 19th/early 20th century.
This document provides an overview of cultural diasporas from the Caribbean region and their dissemination of culture worldwide. It discusses two case studies: the annual Caribana Festival in Toronto, Canada, which began in 1967 as a celebration of Caribbean culture, and the Notting Hill Carnival in London, begun in 1966 by members of the West Indian community. The document also examines reasons for Caribbean migration, challenges faced abroad, and theories of transnationalism that describe how diaspora communities maintain connections to their homelands.
The document discusses Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, including her early life, role as monarch, travels, and influence on style and fashion. It provides biographical details on her upbringing, education, marriage, and children. While some argue over her actual power, the document examines her role as a visible symbol of the country that brings traditions and represents the monarchy at important events. It also explores how she modernized the monarchy and became an icon of style through her bright colors, hats, and engagement with the public on walks and visits. Opinions from experts note she dresses appropriately for her age and lifestyle, supports British designers, and influences ordinary women through her recognizable image.
The document discusses Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, including her early life, role as monarch, travels, and influence on style and fashion. It provides biographical details on her upbringing, education, marriage, and children. While some argue over her actual power, the document examines her role as a visible symbol of the country that brings traditions and represents the monarchy at important events. It also explores how she modernized the monarchy and became a popular public figure through walkabouts and worldwide travels. The queen has become a style icon, and fashion designers draw inspiration from her colorful outfits and signature hats.
This document summarizes the immigration histories of Philip Baker and Harriett Ann Thompson Baker to the United States and Utah. Philip Baker departed from Liverpool, England in 1851 aboard the Ellen Maria and arrived in New Orleans, later traveling overland to Salt Lake City. Harriett Ann Thompson departed from Liverpool in 1853 aboard the Golconda with her family and arrived in New Orleans, then continued by steamboat and ox train to Salt Lake City. They married around 1860-1861 in Beaver, Utah and had 10 children.
This is part of a temporary display that is designed to support a Troop activity to earn Scouting Heritage merit badge.
There are still requirements to fullfill to succsesfully earn the merit badge. Two examples include playing a game that might have been played at Brown Sea Island. And to talk to two founding members of the troop.
The document summarizes several youth subcultures that emerged in the 1960s-1980s in the UK, including mods, punks, and skinheads. Mods in the 1960s were known for customized suits and scooters and listening to R&B music. Punks in the 1970s rebelled through provocative clothing like ripped jeans and safety pins, and music with swearing. Skinheads in the 1980s were often misperceived as violent, but were actually sharply dressed fans of ska music who were patriotic.
Jonathan Swift was born in Dublin in 1667 to Protestant parents. He was sent to England as a child after his father's death and later attended school in Ireland. As a clergyman in the Anglican church, Swift held positions in London and Ireland and befriended several prominent political figures. He is best known for his satirical works such as Gulliver's Travels and A Modest Proposal, which criticized politics and society in his time. Swift never married but had close relationships with Esther Johnson and Hester Vanhomrigh. He died in Dublin in 1745 while serving as the Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral.
The document summarizes anti-Irish sentiment in 19th century Britain through quotes from prominent British figures expressing derogatory and discriminatory views towards the Irish people. It led to the growth of the Irish revolutionary movement which began culturally but grew politically through organizations like the Gaelic League, Irish Volunteers, and the secret Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB). This culminated in the 1916 Easter Rising in Dublin where republicans declared an Irish Republic independent of Britain for 6 days before surrendering. Though a military failure, it sparked Irish independence and the eventual establishment of the Irish Free State and modern Republic of Ireland.
Lord Robert Baden Powell founded the scouting movement in 1907 when he brought 20 boys to Brownsea Island to test his ideas. He published a book on scouting in 1908 and held the first scout rally in 1909 at Crystal Palace in London. Baden Powell was proclaimed chief scout in 1920 and devoted the rest of his life to growing the scouting movement globally. Scouting began in the Philippines in 1939 under Josefa Llanes Escoda and continued operating through World War 2, with the first Philippine troop registering under the US located in Davao.
Robert Louis Balfour Stevenson was a Scottish novelist, poet, essayist, and travel writer. His most famous works are Treasure Island, Kidnapped, and Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde.
April Fools' Day is celebrated on April 1st with practical jokes and hoaxes. There are several theories about its origins, including that it began in France in 1564 after the calendar changed or that it stems from pagan spring festivals. Traditionally, pranks played before noon are allowed, and the victim is told "April Fool!" after being tricked. The tradition has spread globally and is also celebrated online and through media hoaxes, though sometimes real events are mistaken as jokes on this day.
El documento presenta la tabla de goleo individual de un torneo de fútbol 11. Ludwing del equipo Dep. Jbl anotó 2 goles para ubicarse en el tercer lugar, mientras que Ivan Hernández del equipo Troncar también hizo 2 goles para compartir el cuarto lugar.
Este documento presenta el horario de clases semanal de Patricia Pérez de la clase Primero B. Muestra las asignaturas y profesores de cada día y hora entre el 6 de febrero y el 6 de marzo, incluyendo Deontología del Derecho, Informática e Inglés.
The History of Artemas Ward Park -- The Marlborough Historical Societypebrodeur
The history of Ward Park, located in Marlborough, Massachusetts. Researched, written, and presented by Paul Brodeur, trustee of the Marlborough Historical Society, on March 22, 2011
This document provides an update on Larry Roeder's history project documenting the area of Conklin and Prosperity Baptist Church in Loudoun County, Virginia. It summarizes the early settlement of Conklin by both white and African American pioneers in the 18th century. It details Roeder's efforts to collect oral histories, photos, artifacts and records to preserve the history of prominent African American families like the Allens who lived in the area. The document outlines the boundaries of traditional Conklin and calls for help from community members to share their stories and knowledge to aid the project.
IRELAND - Part 5 : ANGLO-NORMAN in IRELANDabouzari_vaz
1) In the 12th century, an Irish king named Dermot Mac Murrough attacked another Irish king and took his wife. He was then driven out of Ireland by his enemies and sought help from the King of England, Henry II.
2) In 1169, Henry II sent men to Ireland to help Dermot. However, Henry's men stayed and began taking land for themselves, building cities and castles. Henry then declared himself King of England and Ireland.
3) For the next 400 years, English kings tried to rule Ireland from Dublin but faced resistance from Irish kings who did not want to be ruled by England. There was ongoing conflict between the English and Irish in Ireland.
Robert Louis Stevenson was a Scottish novelist known for adventure stories like Treasure Island and Kidnapped. He was born in 1850 in Edinburgh and struggled with poor health throughout his life. As a child, he was influenced by the stories of Scottish Covenanters told to him by his nurse. Though he studied law, Stevenson devoted himself to writing and traveled extensively in Scotland, France, California, and the South Pacific while continuing to produce works of fiction. He is best remembered for novels that celebrated adventure and brought Scottish history and landscapes to many readers. Stevenson died in 1894 at age 44 while living in Samoa.
As the combined colonial forces attempt to root out the Indian army of King Philip from central Massachusetts to the Connecticut River Valley, Marlborough becomes an important colonial army outpost on the frontier. It also becomes a target for attack, culminating in its destruction and abandonment in the spring of 1676.
This document summarizes a conference on the history of Chinese immigrants in Australia and North Queensland. It discusses how Chinese laborers were brought over to work on sugar plantations, mines and other industries. The keynote speaker discussed the experiences of Chinese workers in Cuba. It then details the experiences of Chinese immigrants in Queensland, including where they settled, the industries they worked in, and the racism they faced over time. Laws like the White Australia Policy severely restricted Chinese immigration and rights in Australia in the late 19th/early 20th century.
This document provides an overview of cultural diasporas from the Caribbean region and their dissemination of culture worldwide. It discusses two case studies: the annual Caribana Festival in Toronto, Canada, which began in 1967 as a celebration of Caribbean culture, and the Notting Hill Carnival in London, begun in 1966 by members of the West Indian community. The document also examines reasons for Caribbean migration, challenges faced abroad, and theories of transnationalism that describe how diaspora communities maintain connections to their homelands.
The document discusses Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, including her early life, role as monarch, travels, and influence on style and fashion. It provides biographical details on her upbringing, education, marriage, and children. While some argue over her actual power, the document examines her role as a visible symbol of the country that brings traditions and represents the monarchy at important events. It also explores how she modernized the monarchy and became an icon of style through her bright colors, hats, and engagement with the public on walks and visits. Opinions from experts note she dresses appropriately for her age and lifestyle, supports British designers, and influences ordinary women through her recognizable image.
The document discusses Queen Elizabeth II of the United Kingdom, including her early life, role as monarch, travels, and influence on style and fashion. It provides biographical details on her upbringing, education, marriage, and children. While some argue over her actual power, the document examines her role as a visible symbol of the country that brings traditions and represents the monarchy at important events. It also explores how she modernized the monarchy and became a popular public figure through walkabouts and worldwide travels. The queen has become a style icon, and fashion designers draw inspiration from her colorful outfits and signature hats.
This document summarizes the immigration histories of Philip Baker and Harriett Ann Thompson Baker to the United States and Utah. Philip Baker departed from Liverpool, England in 1851 aboard the Ellen Maria and arrived in New Orleans, later traveling overland to Salt Lake City. Harriett Ann Thompson departed from Liverpool in 1853 aboard the Golconda with her family and arrived in New Orleans, then continued by steamboat and ox train to Salt Lake City. They married around 1860-1861 in Beaver, Utah and had 10 children.
This is part of a temporary display that is designed to support a Troop activity to earn Scouting Heritage merit badge.
There are still requirements to fullfill to succsesfully earn the merit badge. Two examples include playing a game that might have been played at Brown Sea Island. And to talk to two founding members of the troop.
The document summarizes several youth subcultures that emerged in the 1960s-1980s in the UK, including mods, punks, and skinheads. Mods in the 1960s were known for customized suits and scooters and listening to R&B music. Punks in the 1970s rebelled through provocative clothing like ripped jeans and safety pins, and music with swearing. Skinheads in the 1980s were often misperceived as violent, but were actually sharply dressed fans of ska music who were patriotic.
Jonathan Swift was born in Dublin in 1667 to Protestant parents. He was sent to England as a child after his father's death and later attended school in Ireland. As a clergyman in the Anglican church, Swift held positions in London and Ireland and befriended several prominent political figures. He is best known for his satirical works such as Gulliver's Travels and A Modest Proposal, which criticized politics and society in his time. Swift never married but had close relationships with Esther Johnson and Hester Vanhomrigh. He died in Dublin in 1745 while serving as the Dean of St. Patrick's Cathedral.
The document summarizes anti-Irish sentiment in 19th century Britain through quotes from prominent British figures expressing derogatory and discriminatory views towards the Irish people. It led to the growth of the Irish revolutionary movement which began culturally but grew politically through organizations like the Gaelic League, Irish Volunteers, and the secret Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB). This culminated in the 1916 Easter Rising in Dublin where republicans declared an Irish Republic independent of Britain for 6 days before surrendering. Though a military failure, it sparked Irish independence and the eventual establishment of the Irish Free State and modern Republic of Ireland.
Lord Robert Baden Powell founded the scouting movement in 1907 when he brought 20 boys to Brownsea Island to test his ideas. He published a book on scouting in 1908 and held the first scout rally in 1909 at Crystal Palace in London. Baden Powell was proclaimed chief scout in 1920 and devoted the rest of his life to growing the scouting movement globally. Scouting began in the Philippines in 1939 under Josefa Llanes Escoda and continued operating through World War 2, with the first Philippine troop registering under the US located in Davao.
Robert Louis Balfour Stevenson was a Scottish novelist, poet, essayist, and travel writer. His most famous works are Treasure Island, Kidnapped, and Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde.
April Fools' Day is celebrated on April 1st with practical jokes and hoaxes. There are several theories about its origins, including that it began in France in 1564 after the calendar changed or that it stems from pagan spring festivals. Traditionally, pranks played before noon are allowed, and the victim is told "April Fool!" after being tricked. The tradition has spread globally and is also celebrated online and through media hoaxes, though sometimes real events are mistaken as jokes on this day.
El documento presenta la tabla de goleo individual de un torneo de fútbol 11. Ludwing del equipo Dep. Jbl anotó 2 goles para ubicarse en el tercer lugar, mientras que Ivan Hernández del equipo Troncar también hizo 2 goles para compartir el cuarto lugar.
Este documento presenta el horario de clases semanal de Patricia Pérez de la clase Primero B. Muestra las asignaturas y profesores de cada día y hora entre el 6 de febrero y el 6 de marzo, incluyendo Deontología del Derecho, Informática e Inglés.
This document is an invitation to attend the Equip 2008 conference hosted by Real Church in Tulsa, Oklahoma. The conference theme is "God of this City" and aims to inspire and equip attendees to proclaim that God reigns over their cities. Various group sessions will be offered on topics like the apostolic, prophetic, evangelism, teaching, music, and youth ministry. The conference seeks to empower attendees to bring change to their families, communities, and cities through proclaiming the gospel of Jesus Christ.
El documento habla sobre el pensamiento divergente, el cual se caracteriza por ser original y flexible, utilizando estrategias no convencionales para resolver problemas de manera creativa. El pensamiento divergente genera múltiples soluciones a los problemas, incluyendo algunas que parecen sin sentido, pero con el objetivo de encontrar la mejor solución.
This document describes a study that used tri-axial accelerometers to monitor and classify cow activities. Researchers attached accelerometers to the necks of cows to record acceleration data. They then analyzed the data to classify behaviors as lying, standing or feeding. The accelerometer data was calibrated and processed using a decision tree algorithm. Various thresholds were tested to optimize behavior classification. The results showed accelerometers can accurately recognize different cow behavior patterns, which could help identify health issues.
Este poema describe la llegada de la primavera y las flores a la montaña. Habla de cómo las flores se abren y alcanzan su belleza máxima solo en primavera. El poema pide a los príncipes que las flores sean adornos y riquezas para ellos.
El documento resume el capítulo 13 de Romanos. Pablo enseña que (1) los creyentes deben respetar y obedecer a las autoridades civiles como representantes de Dios, a menos que sus mandatos vayan en contra de la Palabra de Dios; (2) deben amar y tratar con justicia a sus conciudadanos; y (3) deben vivir como personas unidas con Jesús, permaneciendo alertas ante la inminente salvación y vistiéndose con las "armas de la luz" de la verdad de Dios.
El documento define y explica los conceptos de tecnología y técnica. Explica que la tecnología se refiere al estudio de equipos e instrumentos, mientras que la técnica se refiere a cómo cumplen una función. También discute la historia del concepto de tecnología y cómo ha evolucionado para incluir dimensiones científicas, organizativas, sociales y culturales en la actualidad. Finalmente, analiza cómo la tecnología de la información se ha convertido en un sector económico clave y cómo su uso indiscriminado puede
Hoe kunnen steden en gemeenten best hun handelaars ondersteunen bij de veranderende (digitale) consument?
Wat is het nut van gemeentelijke e-commerce platformen?
Mechanisms in Modern Engineering Design, Volume 2 Lever Mechanisms (Part 2)675f3
Mechanisms in Modern Engineering Design, Volume 2 Lever Mechanisms (Part 2)
by Ivan I. Artobolevsky
Volume 2(2) of a 5-volume set.
Volumes 1 - 5 coming soon.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help boost feelings of calmness and well-being.
The document provides a 30 question quiz with some questions having multiple parts worth 0.5 points each. Some sample questions are about identifying the capital considered by the Adyghe people, the material Kenya burned in 1989 to protest the ivory trade, and the actress who revealed she was paid $25 to have her leg photographed for a famous poster instead of another actress as commonly believed. The questions cover topics in history, geography, current events, arts, and general knowledge.
Annika Korsgaard presented on research into identifying Aboriginal people photographed by J.W. Lindt in the Clarence Valley area in the late 1800s. The presentation discussed names of Aboriginal people found in historical documents and photos. It explored potential identifications and family connections of individuals photographed such as King Charley, King Harry, Snowy, and Mary Ann of Ulmarra. The goal of the research is to create a digital archive that continues investigating identities and connecting family histories of the Aboriginal subjects.
This document provides summaries for 15 books on various topics related to history, family, and culture. The books cover subjects like the demographic history of families in New Zealand from 1840 to 2005, the notorious Dorset Street in London's history, Christmas traditions in colonial New Zealand, biographies of important figures, and memoirs describing life in places and time periods ranging from Victorian London to small towns in New Zealand. The document presents brief descriptions and details for each book to give a high-level overview of its content and subject matter.
The document discusses different styles of news story leads beyond the traditional inverted pyramid structure. It provides examples of anecdotal leads, narrative leads, scene-setter leads, significant detail leads, single-instance leads, word-play leads, and scene wrap or "gallery" leads. It also discusses writing the "nut graph" which justifies the story and provides context for the lead. The document aims to show journalists that there are multiple ways to engage readers in a news story beyond just presenting the facts in a top-down manner.
TROVE - a window to our community heritage - Hilary Berthon of Trove, NLA. Presented at the 2017 Community Heritage Grants Preservation and Collection Management Training Workshops
The document discusses several unsolved mysteries from around the world, including:
- Kryptos, an encrypted sculpture on the grounds of the CIA that remains partially unsolved.
- The Tamam Shud case, where an unidentified man was found dead on an Australian beach in 1948 holding a scrap of paper with the words "Tamam Shud."
- The Bermuda Triangle, where a number of ships and planes have disappeared under mysterious circumstances in the western part of the North Atlantic.
- Giant stone balls and statues left by ancient cultures in Costa Rica and Easter Island whose origins remain unclear.
Several other mysteries are mentioned more briefly, such as the Green Children of Woolpit,
Cindy crook essay australian indigenous artCindy Crook
The document discusses how three Indigenous artists, Boneta-Marie Mabo, Karla Dickens, and others, address political issues of gender, race, colonization and their impacts on Aboriginal women in their artwork. Mabo explores derogatory labels and lack of agency experienced by Aboriginal women through sculptures and portraits. Dickens addresses similar themes through collages incorporating found objects and references like "black velvet" and explores her identity as a gay Aboriginal woman. Both artists reclaim representations of Aboriginal women's bodies and identities.
The Brookfield District Museum exists to preserve local history. For its annual placement project, a student researched the Congram family and created a display for the museum. The display included a family tree, stories about the family's occupations as butchers and farmers, and members who served in World Wars. The student learned about identifying issues when organizing information for the traditional museum and embracing modern presentation methods. The Congram display was well-received by the community at the annual Brookfield Show Day event.
This document analyzes the myth that St. Columba first landed in Scotland at Keil Point on the Kintyre Peninsula in 563 AD. It investigates the archaeological evidence that has been used to support this claim, but finds no documentary or archaeological evidence that conclusively proves it. The myth likely originated in the Victorian era as a way to assert cultural identity and justify political systems. While myths can reveal beliefs and priorities, accepted history should be challenged through multiple sources of evidence like archaeology. Analyzing the archaeological remains at Keil Point fails to find evidence confirming St. Columba's landing there.
This slideshow provides glimpses into the research and many stories that went into the writing of Mary Helen Stefaniak's novel, The Cailiffs of Baghdad, Georgia. Although most of the novel takes place in 1938-39, the stories behind the story go all the way back to 9th-century Baghdad.
This document provides a history of the origins and global spread of Scouting. It begins with a biography of Robert Baden-Powell, the founder of Scouting. It describes how he developed his ideas about youth development through his military experiences and by holding the first Scout camp on Brownsea Island in 1907. The movement quickly spread, first through Baden-Powell's book Scouting for Boys and then through organizations like the Boy Scouts of America, founded in 1910. The document traces how Scouting was introduced and took hold in various regions like the Philippines in the early 1900s as the movement globalized under Baden-Powell's leadership.
Christmas was not declared a federal holiday in the United States until June 26, 1870. During the Middle Ages, Christmas celebrations were rowdy and raucous. The contemporary Santa Claus figure was born in the United States in the 19th century, influenced by artists, writers and evolving American culture. Santa Claus was first depicted as wearing a red suit and living at the North Pole in 1863. Rudolph the red-nosed reindeer was created in 1939 as part of an advertising campaign. The use of Christmas trees began in Germany and has since spread globally with the help of Christmas lights. Christmas traditions vary widely around the world and within different regions of the United States.
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1. PUBLIC LECTURE (For the session ‘Yarn Up’ at the Plunge Arts Festival, Maclean NSW)
16 April 2015
Written and presented by Annika Korsgaard, Lead Researcher
If citing this, please reference as:
Korsgaard, A. 2015. Breimba – looking for you. Lindt Research Project. Public Lecture, 16 and 17 April,
2015, Grafton and Maclean, New South Wales. Unpublished lecture notes.
SLIDE 1
Many thanks to Peter Wood from Arts Northern Rivers for inviting me to speak today. It’s
lovely to be here.
SLIDE 2
I’ll start today with a brief history of the Lindt photos, and the previous research that’s been
done, and then I’ll discuss our finds from the current research project.
In 1873 German photographer John William Lindt took a series of Aboriginal portraits in his
studio in Prince St, Grafton. The photos were taken in a studio rather than outdoors because
photographic technology was very limited at the time and the lighting needed to be
regulated. Also, long exposure times meant that the people in the photos had to stand very
still for several minutes while Lindt took each portrait, which partially accounts for their very
composed, sombre expressions.
The portraits were perceived by national and international audiences of the time to be
accurate representations of how the Aboriginal people of the Clarence Valley lived,
2. however, the photographs were actually unique artistic interpretations of how Aboriginals
of the region might be living, when away from the townships. Lindt went to great efforts to
include authentic Aboriginal gunyahs, tools, weapons, clothing and adornments in the
photographs, SLIDE 3 however, he did not make sure that they were being used in a
culturally appropriate manner, such as depicting women wearing what we believe was a
male-only head dress.
By the 1870s the people in these photographs were living far more westernised lives than
are depicted in the majority of these photos. They were wearing western clothing around
town and drifted between Aboriginal camps that were situated on the fringe of Grafton, and
camps located on European properties. While some hunting was still practiced, the men
worked as farm labourers and stockmen, and the women worked as house maids and
nannies. With land alienation traditional foods were no longer as easily accessible, and
western foods of damper, rice and sugar had become basic food staples. Aboriginal men
were not going about Grafton in kangaroo skins, and nor were the women walking through
topless. These images, whilst very beautiful are, in my opinion, highly romanticised and
idealised.
SLIDE 4
The Colonial Office purchased a number of these photo albums and gifted them to major
museum collections around the world, including Oxford and Cambridge Universities. The
photographs were also displayed at exhibitions worldwide and Lindt acquired international
acclaim for them. Throughout Lindt’s career the people in the photos remained largely
anonymous to anyone outside of the Grafton area. Two newspaper articles dating to 1873
and 1874 gave the first names for some of the people in the photos, but they did not
elaborate who they were or how they related to one another, either tribally or as family
groups. Over the following 130 years nothing new came to light about the identity of the
people in the photos.
SLIDE 5 – IMAGES of people in the newspaper
SLIDE 6
3. As a slight digression here, two other photos drew our attention based on names being
attributed to them by a woman from the Bawden family who was friendly with the
Aboriginals and had written names on the backs of two of the photos. As you can see she
has given the name ‘Louis’ to the man who the newspaper named ‘Snowy’. Perhaps ‘Snowy’
was a local nickname, because there is no record for an Aboriginal named Snowy in NSW at
the time. Apparently these Aboriginals camped on the Bawden property “Trefusis”.
SLIDE 7
In the late 1990s artist, Ken Orchard, did some research on the photos and identified King
Charlie of the McLachlan property at Ulmarra and King Harry of Small property at Swan
Creek through other photographs of them wearing their breastplates. He also discovered a
photo in the State Library of NSW of a young woman with the name “Mary Ann of Ulmarra”
written in pencil on the back. It was not known who wrote the inscription or when, so it was
very difficult to prove definitely if that was her name.
In 2004, Sydney philanthropists, Sam and Janet Cullen, read that a near-complete album of
Lindt’s Australian Aboriginals series was up for auction in London. They were distressed at
the idea of these significant photos being sold to a private overseas collector, never to see
the light of day, so they purchased the collection of 36 photographs and generously gifted
them back to the people of the Clarence Valley, via the Grafton Regional Gallery. This kind
deed sparked a renewed interest in the Lindt photographs, and the Cullens and the people
of the Clarence Valley wanted to find out more about the individuals who appeared in the
images.
SLIDE 8
In 2010, the Grafton Regional Gallery engaged local historian, Nola Mackey, to research the
photographs in an effort to find out more about the people. Nola’s research generated very
important information that was to become the foundation from which the phase of the
research was based. Whilst Nola’s research did not specifically identify any new identities, it
did create several very promising leads that required further investigation, in particular
identifying descendants of a Mary Ann Cowan, who was suggested as a possible candidate
for Mary Ann of Ulmarra. Mary Ann Cowan’s descendants believed that their ancestor,
Harold Arthur Cowan, bore a resemblance to the young woman in the Lindt photo. Nola and
4. Ken’s research also matched some of the Lindt photos to the descriptions in the newspaper
articles, but no further information about these people, of whom we only had first names
and some places of origin, was known.
SLIDE 9
In 2013, Jennifer Feller from the ABC tv show, Australian Story, produced an episode called
“Light of Day” about the search for the identities of the Aboriginal people in the Lindt
photos. This renewed the public’s interest and people contacted the ABC from across
Australia offering suggestions about who some of the people might be. In 2013 the Lindt
Research Group was founded, made up of local Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal community
members with a shared interest in finding the identities of the men and women in the Lindt
photos. The project has been administered by Jude McBean, Director of the Grafton
Regional Gallery, and historian, Dr Eliza Kent, from the University of New England headed up
the research team, consisting of myself as the lead researcher, and Roberta Skinner, the
research assistant. This new phase of research was entitled Breimba – looking for you: Lindt
Research Project. Breimba was the Aboriginal name for the Clarence River, and this was
deemed a fitting title for an investigation about the Aboriginal people who lived on or near
the Clarence River. This phase of the research commenced in October last year and will
have its official closing ceremony at the Grafton Regional Gallery on May 26 this year.
SLIDE 11
The main aims of this phase of the research have been
• To continue the search for the identities of the Aboriginals in the Lindt photographs
that were gifted to the Grafton Regional Gallery
• To find out as much about their lives, and the lives of their ancestors and
descendants, as possible in the 6 month research period
• To create a digital archive of all the research materials collected, so that they are
easily accessible to anyone who wants to pursue the search for the people in the
Lindt photos, and also for Aboriginal family and local history research. These
materials will be available in the Grafton library in a few weeks.
5. So, this leads me to sharing with you the exciting research discoveries Roberta and I have
made over the past six months.
SLIDE 11
A Gumbaynggirr man, Charlie Whitton, is a very strong contender for the title of ‘King
Charley of Ulmarra’.
The persuasive evidence is as follows:
• Colin McLachlan remembers his grandfather, Duncan McLachlan, talking about King
Charley and Nancy, who lived on the property in the 1870s when his grandfather ran
it. Charley would warn trespassers off the property, saying it belonged to him and
Duncan.
• Nancy Whitton’s death certificate shows she was 10 years older than her husband
Charlie, which would account for a visible age difference in the photo, and the
possibility that the newspaper mistook her for Charlie’s mother instead of wife.
• The young woman could be Lucy Larrigo (nee Whitton), Charley’s sister. Lucy was
born around 1850, making her about 23 at the time of the Lindt photo, which
appears to be the right age for the young woman.
• Colin McLachlan remembers an older woman, Maggie, living on the family property
at Ulmarra in the 1930s. This may have been Maggie Whitton, Charlie and Nancy’s
daughter. Maggie was born ca. 1868, making her in her 70 years of age in 1938, so
she fits Colin’s description of an ‘older’ woman.
If this is the Whitton family, and the Maggie Colin speaks of was Charlie’s daughter, then that
would show an excellent example of semi-continued occupation of the site by a single family
group. This also reaffirms that the McLachlan property was a safe-haven for Aboriginals,
even during the depression.
SLIDE 12
I came across a newspaper article that had not previously been found regarding the Lindt
photos. This 1883 article names ‘Larrigo’ as one of the men in the collection, and says he is
6. one of the last surviving people who posed for Lindt. We had found many references in
news articles to Larrigo, and I suspected he was likely to be one of the men because he was
well known around Grafton, however this article is the proof that he was in the photos.
Unfortunately we cannot tell you which man he is, and we are hoping that future research
might reveal this. Larrigo or his son married Lucy Whitton, daughter of Charlie Whitton and
Nancy, and their daughter Jessie worked as a Nanny on the Bawden property. This ties
Larrigo back to key people and places in this current investigation.
SLIDE 13
Roberta found a photo in a book about Nymboida of a King Harry Neville. The photo was
taken ca. 1900 and isn’t overly clear, but there is a resemblance to King Harry of Swan
Creek. There is also a photo in the State Library of Victoria which depicts a man wearing an
illegible breastplate. This photo was taken in the 1890s and looks like Harry Neville. Harry
Neville married Lizzie MacDonald, who was thirty years younger than him, at Nymboida in a
Christian ceremony in 1909. Harry’s and Lizzie’s marriage certificates state they were both
born in Nymboida. Harry Neville had at least one son, Eric Neville, whom Harry petitioned to
have educated in Nymboida. Harry died in 1915, age 90, making him approximately 48 in
1873/4. This makes Harry Neville the right age to be King Harry of Swan Creek.
SLIDE 14
Arthur Devlin is believed to be the figure lying down in the Lindt photo. I found a prison
photo of Arthur Devlin dating to 1877, 3 years after the Lindt photo was taken. Eliza Kent
and I are 90%+ sure they are the same person, based on an examination of the facial
features. There are numerous news articles about Arthur Devlin. He was imprisoned for
attempted rape twice, once at Ulmarra, and once at Swan Creek. This puts him in the right
area for where we believe many of the people in the photos were living. He was noted as a
known menace by locals in Ulmarra, suggesting that he lived there, or close by. Arthur died
from tuberculosis in Darlinghurst Gaol in 1883, age 29. He does not appear to have been
married, have children, or have any known family or descendants. There was a white man
called James Devlin who was the manager of the Small property at Swan Creek, so it is a
possibility that Arthur lived or worked on the small property, and may have taken his boss’s
name, as was commonly done.
7. SLIDE 15
I have also found a copy of two Lindt photos paired together that were created for the
German market and had the inscription "Australisches Brautpaar aus der Gegend von
Almarra" which translates to "Australian newlyweds from around Almarra”. On the reverse
in pencil it says in German "Bushman and his bride from the area of Almarra" Although it
doesn’t name the couple, they are very familiar to us! There is the possibility that Lindt took
creative license and called them newlyweds for the German market to make them more
romantic, however I believe that they were married because of the inclusion of the specific
detail of them coming from Ulmarra, which would mean nothing to people in Europe. The
Germans were quite meticulous record keepers, so it stands to reason that they are
married, either in the Aboriginal or European tradition. This, however, cannot be confirmed
at this stage.
Further to the earlier discussion on the photo of the young woman labelled ‘Mary Ann’, up
until very recently there were several line of inquiry I was pursuing, including an Aboriginal
lady, Maryanne Tindale, who was committed to an insane asylum. However, two days ago I
received an email from a woman in Sydney, Jo-Anne Clarke, who is the great granddaughter
of Mary Ann Cowan. She and I had been corresponding about the Williams / Cowan families,
and exchanging information. To my great surprise and delight I opened one of her emails to
find this SLIDE 16 wonderful photo of Mary Ann Cowan as an older lady. Until two days ago
all the evidence pointed towards Mary Ann Cowan being the young lady in the photo, but
we had no concrete proof. Now, as the project nears its end, Mary Ann has revealed her
true identity.
When researching the Cowan and Williams families we had built up an extensive family tree.
Now that we know Mary Ann of Ulmarra was definitely Mary Ann Cowan we can begin to
understand a bit more about the young woman in the photograph.
SLIDE 17
Mary Ann Cowan may have indeed had a traditional Aboriginal wedding to the man in the
previous photo. We know that at the time of the Lindt photos she was a mother to a one
year old son, Herbert. The title of the photo suggests that she lived on the McLachlan
8. property in Ulmarra at that point. We know nothing further of her life until she married a
non-Aboriginal, Leonard Williams, in 1877, and together they had another four children and
many grandchildren.
Mary Ann Cowan lived her entire life from 1877 through to her death in 1935, age 86, at 51
Fitzroy Street, Grafton, where Shopping World now sits.
SLIDE 18
When you compare Mary Ann’s photos to that of other relatives on the Cowan side of the
family, you can see some strong resemblances.
As a researcher I can’t explain the excitement and delight I feel at finishing this project in
such an extraordinary way. It feels like this phase of the project has come full circle. Mary
Ann of Ulmarra was always a tantalising mystery for many people. She had become the
poster girl for the Lindt photographs, and had intrigued researchers and the public alike.
SLIDE 19
There are still many questions and conundrums that, for the time being, cannot be resolved.
There is the persistent issue with the identity of Louis / Snowy / Jacky. In a comparison of all
these men they look to me like the same person. We know that Lindt took the photos over a
period of between 3 months to a year so the hair and beard lengths are not an issue. I asked
a facial recognition software expert if there was a program that could definitively tell us if
this is the same person, or related, but he said the programs do not work that way, so it’s up
to us humans to decide.
The scar on the cheek of the men in the first three images suggests the same person, along
with the distinctive eyes, eyebrows and facial shapes. The last two share a striking
resemblance, as do the third and fourth images. Jacky was in the same photo as Arthur
Devlin, and Arthur was correctly labelled in the newspaper, so does that mean that Jacky’s
name is also correct? I think so but I cannot be 100% sure.
SLIDE 20
9. One thing I keep coming back to is the similarity in appearance between Mary Ann Cowan
and this young man. I cannot prove it, but I do believe there is a chance that this young man
may be related to her, and he may even be Mary Ann’s brother Jack Cowan.
The Lindt photos are a starting point from which other conversations can be had about
topics such as how colonialism dramatically altered the lives of the local Aboriginal people,
through land alienation, massacres, and the dissolution of tribal law, to name a few, and all
the social and cultural problems that arose from these events. These struggles and social
problems can be detected in the lives of some of the people in the Lindt photos, as
discovered through this research. Therefore these photos are no longer simply static,
romanticised images of "the noble savage". By knowing something of the history of the
people in the photographs the photos themselves become a narrative of the hardships,
struggles and confusion that the Aboriginal people of the mid-late 1800s, and beyond, had
to endure.
Thank you.
SLIDE 21 - ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS