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Ciklusi
Do sada smo pisali:
• linijske programe – svaka naredba se
izvršavala jedanput
• razgranate programe - svaka naredba se
izvršavala jedanput ili nijedanput
Često je neophodno da se određeni broj
naredbi ponovi više puta
• niz naredbi koji se mogu izvršavati više
puta naziva TELO CIKLUSA
• uslov koji određuje da li će se naredbe tela
ciklusa izvršavati nazivamo IZLAZNI
KRITERIJUM CIKLUSA
Radićemo: for ciklus
while ciklus
repeat ciklus
for- ciklus
• ako je poznat broj ponavljanja ciklusa, tada se
kreira brojački ciklus
for – ciklus izgleda ovako:
for P:=PV to KV do N
P – upravljačka promenljiva (može biti tipa
integer, boolean, char, a ne može biti tipa real)
PV – početna vrednost upravljačke promenljive
KV – krajna vrednost upravljačke promenljive
N – naredba
P=PV
P<=KV
netačno
N
P=P+1
tačno
while - ciklus
• While ciklus je ciklus sa preduslovom, moguće je
da se naredbe tela ciklusa ne izvrše nijedanput
• ogućava organizovanje cilkusa kada se unapred
ne zna koliko puta će se ponoviti naredbe tela
ciklusa
while L do N;
L-logički izraz
N prosta ili složena (blok) naredba oblika:
begin N1; N2;....Nm end;
Naredba REPEAT (naredba 
ponavljanja)
• Kod naredbe REPEAT uslov za izlazak iz 
ciklusa se nalazi na kraju, pa se zato ova 
naredba naziva i naredba ciklusa sa 
postuslovom.
• Opšti oblik naredbe REPEAT je:
REPEAT naredba UNTIL uslov;
• Važno je naglasiti da 
se naredbe ponavljaju 
dok god je uslov 
netačan (kod naredbe 
WHILE naredbe su se 
ponavljale dok god je 
uslov tačan)
• Umesto jedne naredbe 
možemo imati više 
naredbi u telu ciklusa, ali 
kod ove naredbe nije 
neophodno koristiti novi 
blok i rezervisane reči 
begin i end jer ulogu 
zagrada preuzimaju 
rezervisane reči REPEAT 
i UNTIL
• Važno je naglasiti da
se naredbe ponavljaju
dok god je uslov
netačan (kod naredbe
WHILE naredbe su se
ponavljale dok god je
uslov tačan)
• Umesto jedne naredbe
možemo imati više
naredbi u telu ciklusa, ali
kod ove naredbe nije
neophodno koristiti novi
blok i rezervisane reči
begin i end jer ulogu
zagrada preuzimaju
rezervisane reči REPEAT
i UNTIL

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Ciklusi