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1. PROPHET
• a person chosen to speaks for God or a Diety, or by divine
inspiration
• a person chosen to speak for God and to guide the people of
Israel;
• one of a band of ecstatic visionaries claiming divine
inspiration and, according to popular belief, possesing
magical powers;
• a person who practices divination; one of a class of persons
in the early church, next in order after the apostles,
recognized as inspired to utter special revelations and
predictions (1Cor 12:28);

2. • a person regarded as, or claiming to be, an
inspired teacher or leader;
• a person who foretells or predicts what is to
come- a weather prophet or prophet of
doom;
• a spokesperson of some doctrine, cause, or
movement.

3. ETYMOLOGY/ DERIVATION
• prophet (nabi in Hebrew, prophetes in Greek,
propheta in Latin) someone who predicts the future,
as is conveyed by the Bisayan word manalagna.
• His primary identity is that he is a chosen messenger
or spokesperson for God (in Greek pro-phemi, in
Bisayan manulunda), whose role is to speak God’s
words and perform miraculous and/ or symbolic
actions in order to convey God’s messages to the
people (Ex 7:2);

4. Therefore, the prophet is:
• He speaks for God Or God’s mouthpiece (Ex 7:2);
• He calls or announces (1Sam 9:9);
• He is a seer (Hebrew ro’eh) , one who sees what others
cannot (1Kg 8:8; 14:2);
• He is “man of God’’ (1Kg 13:1; 17:24);
• He speaks the word of the Lord ( Jer 1:2,4). He is a man
of the dabar (Hebrew for “word’’);
• He is anointed with the spirit of the Lord (1Kg 22:24; Is
61:1);
• He is able to predict the future (Deut 18:21-22).

5. OLD TESTAMENT
In the Od Testament the usage of the term prophet is
given latitude. Sometimes, you think of prophets as those
with written works, like Isaiah, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, etc. There
were also non-writing prophets, e.g. Nathan, Elijah, Elisha,
etc.

6. KNOWN PROPHETS OF THE OLD TESTAMENT
Pentateuch
• Adam: names animals/ entrusted with God’s word (Gen 2:19; cf.
Gen 2:16-17; 3:3)
• Noah: entrusted with the word of God’s judgement (Gen 7:4)
• Abraham (and Patriarchs): both patriarch and prophet (Gen
20:7)
• Aaron: both prophet and priest (Ex 7:1)
• Miriam: example of female “prophetess” (Ex 15:20)
• Moses: greatest of all prophets (Deut 34:10)
• Balaam: unrighteous “prophet” (Num 22-24; cf. Deut 23:5-6: “a
diviner”)
Historical
Books
• Samuel: first of the “classic prophets” (1 Sam 3:20)
• Nathan: prophet during reign of David (2Sam 7)
• Elijah: one of the greatest prophets
• Elisha: disciple of Elijah; “father” of prophetic school or family
(2Kg 9:1)
• Huldah: wife of the royal wardrobe keeper (2Kg 22:14)

7. Prophetic
Books
Major
• Isaiah
• Jeremiah
• Lamentations
• Ezekiel
• Daniel
Minor
• Hosea
• Amos
• Micah
• Joel
• Obadiah
• Jonah
• Nahum
• Habakkuk
• Zephaniah
• Haggai
• Zehariah
• Malachi

8. PROPHETIC SIGNS
Prophet: Sign:
Samuel • presents Saul tearing his robe- a sign that the kingdom is torn from
him (1 Sam 15:27-29).
Ahijah • tears the cloak into 12 pieces, gives Jeroboam 10- a sign
indicating the ten tribes (1Kg 11:29-40).
Elijah • calls down fire from heaven- a sign and proof that Yahweh is the
one true God (cf. 1Kg 18:20-46);
• casts mantle on Elisha- a sign that he is given prophetic power/
successor (cf. 1Kg 19:19-21).
Elisha • kills his oxen- a sign of his commitment to follow Elijah (cf. 1Kg
19:21);
• parts the Jordan with Elijah’s cloak- a sign of succession (cf. 2Kg
2:12-18);
• directs Joash to shoot arrows- a sign of the victory God promises
(cf. 2Kg 13:14-17).

9. Hosea • takes a wife- a sign of God’s relationship with Israel (cf.
Hos 1:2-3);
• gives his children symbolic names- a sign of God’s
coming judgement on Israel (cf. Hos 1:4-9);
• must marry a prostitute- sign of Israel’s identity to
God (cf. Hos 3:1-5).
Isaiah • gives his son a name with prophetic value (cf. Is 7:3;
Is 8:1-4); He foretells that a woman will bear a child
named “Immanuel’’- a sign of judgement of Abab (cf. Is
7:10-17).
• walks around naked for three years- a sign of
Assyria’s humiliation of Egypt and Ethiopia (cf. Is 20:1-
6).
Micah • goes around naked- a sign and embodiment of the

10. Jeremiah
• wears a waistcloth, buries it and digs it back up- a sign of Israel’s
corruption, sin and humiliation (cf. Jer 13:1-11).
• becomes celibate- a sign of God’s judgement and his separation from
wicked Israel (cf. Jer 16:1-4);
• prohibits mourning and feasting- a sign of the coming sorrow of
judgement (cf. Jer 16:5-9);
• refashions a spoiled vessel- a sign of God’s willngness to remake Israel
(cf. Jer 18:1-12).
• breaks a pot- a sign of the irrevocable divine decree of judgement (cf. Jer
19:1-13).
• takes a cup from the Lord and gives it to the nations to drink- a sign of
judgement (cf. Jer 25:15-29).
• makes and wears yokes- a sign of the Babylonians coming to conquer
Jerusalem (cf. Jer 27:1-28:17);
• buys a field - a sign indicating God’s promise of a future restoration (cf. Jer
32:1-15);
• rewrites a scroll after the king destroys it- a sign that God’s words
endure (cf. Jer 36:1-32);
• hides stone in the mortar used for Pharaoh’s palace- a sign indicating
that the Babylonian king will conquer Egypt (cf. Jer 43:8-13).

11. Ezekiel • Eats a sweet scroll- a sign of reception God’s words of
coming wrath (cf. Ezek 2:8-3:3);
• builds a model of Jerusalem under siege- a sign
indicating that judgement is coming upon the city (cf. Ezek
4:1-3, 7);
• claps his hands and stomps his foot- a sign of the
Lord’s anger with his people (cf. Ezek 6:11-14.
Zechariah • crowns and clothes Joshua before two witnesses- a
sign of God’s anointing of him (cf. Zec 3);
• makes two staffs to symbolize grace and union and
then breaks- a sign indicating both the broken covenant
between God and Israel as well as the division of Israel
and Judah (cf. Zec 11:4-17).