This chapter introduces operating system concepts. It describes the basic components of a computer system including hardware, operating systems, application programs, and users. It explains that operating systems manage resources, run programs, and provide a convenient interface for users. The chapter outlines operating system functions like process management, memory management, and storage management. It provides an overview of operating system structures, operations in user and kernel mode, and interrupt handling. The document also introduces concepts like multiprocessing, virtual memory, and input/output structures.
UNIT II PROCESS MANAGEMENT
Processes-Process Concept, Process Scheduling, Operations on Processes, Interprocess Communication; Threads- Overview, Multicore Programming, Multithreading Models; Windows 7 - Thread and SMP Management. Process Synchronization - Critical Section Problem, Mutex Locks, Semophores, Monitors; CPU Scheduling and Deadlocks.
Definition of Computer
Classification of Computer
Applications of Computer
Block Diagram and Working of Computer System
Different Peripheral Devices
Main Storage and Auxiliary Storage Devices
Computer Hardware and Software
UNIT I OPERATING SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Computer System Overview-Basic Elements, Instruction Execution, Interrupts, Memory Hierarchy, Cache Memory, Direct Memory Access, Multiprocessor and Multicore Organization. Operating system overview-objectives and functions, Evolution of Operating System.- Computer System Organization Operating System Structure and Operations- System Calls, System Programs, OS Generation and System Boot.
Unit I (8 Hrs)
Introduction to System Software , Overview of all system software’s: Operating system
I/O manager, Assembler, Compiler, Linker ,Loader.
Introductory Concepts: Operating system functions and characteristics, historical evolution
of operating systems, Real time systems, Distributed systems.
Unit II (8 Hrs)
Operating Systems: Methodologies for implementation of O/S service system calls,
system programs, Interrupt mechanisms.
Process - Concept of process and threads, Process states, Process management, Context
switching
Interaction between processes and OS Multithreading Process Control, Job schedulers,
Job Scheduling, scheduling criteria, scheduling algorithms
Unit III (8 Hrs)
Concurrency Control : Concurrency and Race Conditions, Mutual exclusion requirements
Software and hardware solutions, Semaphores, Monitors, Classical IPC problems and
solutions.
Deadlock : Characterization, Detection, Recovery, Avoidance and Prevention.
Unit IV (8 Hrs)
Memory management: Contiguous and non-contiguous, Swapping, Paging, Segmentation
and demand Paging, Virtual Memory, Management of Virtual memory: allocation, fetch and
replacement
Unit V (8 Hrs)
File Management: Concept, Access methods, Directory Structure, Protection, File System
implementation, Directory Implementation, Allocation methods, Free Space management,
efficiency and performance
IO systems: disk structure, disk scheduling, disk management.
Unit VI (8 Hrs)
Case Study of Linux: Structure of LINUX, design principles, kernel, process management and
scheduling, file systems installing requirement, basic architecture of UNIX/Linux system, Kernel,
Shell Commands for files and directories cd, cp, mv, rm, mkdir, more, less, creating and viewing
files, using cat, file comparisons, View files, disk related commands, checking disk free spaces,
Essential linux commands.
Understanding shells, Processes in linux – process fundamentals, connecting processes with pipes,
Redirecting input output, manual help, Background processing, managing multiple processes,
changing process priority, scheduling of processes at command, batch commands, kill, ps, who,
sleep, Printing commands, grep, fgrep, find, sort, cal, banner, touch, file, file related commands – ws,sat, cut, grep, dd, etc. Mathematical commands – bc, expr, factor, units. Vi, joe, vim editor
For Complete Learning: http://www.thelearnet.com/
What is an Operating System?
Mainframe Systems
Desktop Systems
Multiprocessor Systems
Distributed Systems
Clustered System
Real -Time Systems
Handheld Systems
Computing Environments
UNIT II PROCESS MANAGEMENT
Processes-Process Concept, Process Scheduling, Operations on Processes, Interprocess Communication; Threads- Overview, Multicore Programming, Multithreading Models; Windows 7 - Thread and SMP Management. Process Synchronization - Critical Section Problem, Mutex Locks, Semophores, Monitors; CPU Scheduling and Deadlocks.
Definition of Computer
Classification of Computer
Applications of Computer
Block Diagram and Working of Computer System
Different Peripheral Devices
Main Storage and Auxiliary Storage Devices
Computer Hardware and Software
UNIT I OPERATING SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Computer System Overview-Basic Elements, Instruction Execution, Interrupts, Memory Hierarchy, Cache Memory, Direct Memory Access, Multiprocessor and Multicore Organization. Operating system overview-objectives and functions, Evolution of Operating System.- Computer System Organization Operating System Structure and Operations- System Calls, System Programs, OS Generation and System Boot.
Unit I (8 Hrs)
Introduction to System Software , Overview of all system software’s: Operating system
I/O manager, Assembler, Compiler, Linker ,Loader.
Introductory Concepts: Operating system functions and characteristics, historical evolution
of operating systems, Real time systems, Distributed systems.
Unit II (8 Hrs)
Operating Systems: Methodologies for implementation of O/S service system calls,
system programs, Interrupt mechanisms.
Process - Concept of process and threads, Process states, Process management, Context
switching
Interaction between processes and OS Multithreading Process Control, Job schedulers,
Job Scheduling, scheduling criteria, scheduling algorithms
Unit III (8 Hrs)
Concurrency Control : Concurrency and Race Conditions, Mutual exclusion requirements
Software and hardware solutions, Semaphores, Monitors, Classical IPC problems and
solutions.
Deadlock : Characterization, Detection, Recovery, Avoidance and Prevention.
Unit IV (8 Hrs)
Memory management: Contiguous and non-contiguous, Swapping, Paging, Segmentation
and demand Paging, Virtual Memory, Management of Virtual memory: allocation, fetch and
replacement
Unit V (8 Hrs)
File Management: Concept, Access methods, Directory Structure, Protection, File System
implementation, Directory Implementation, Allocation methods, Free Space management,
efficiency and performance
IO systems: disk structure, disk scheduling, disk management.
Unit VI (8 Hrs)
Case Study of Linux: Structure of LINUX, design principles, kernel, process management and
scheduling, file systems installing requirement, basic architecture of UNIX/Linux system, Kernel,
Shell Commands for files and directories cd, cp, mv, rm, mkdir, more, less, creating and viewing
files, using cat, file comparisons, View files, disk related commands, checking disk free spaces,
Essential linux commands.
Understanding shells, Processes in linux – process fundamentals, connecting processes with pipes,
Redirecting input output, manual help, Background processing, managing multiple processes,
changing process priority, scheduling of processes at command, batch commands, kill, ps, who,
sleep, Printing commands, grep, fgrep, find, sort, cal, banner, touch, file, file related commands – ws,sat, cut, grep, dd, etc. Mathematical commands – bc, expr, factor, units. Vi, joe, vim editor
For Complete Learning: http://www.thelearnet.com/
What is an Operating System?
Mainframe Systems
Desktop Systems
Multiprocessor Systems
Distributed Systems
Clustered System
Real -Time Systems
Handheld Systems
Computing Environments
A wiki (/ˈwɪki/ (listen) WIK-ee) is an online hypertext publication collaboratively edited and managed by its own audience, using a web browser. A typical wiki contains multiple pages for the subjects or scope of the project, and could be either open to the public or limited to use within an organization for maintaining its internal knowledge base.
Wikis are enabled by wiki software, otherwise known as wiki engines. A wiki engine, being a form of a content management system, differs from other web-based systems such as blog software, in that the content is created without any defined owner or leader, and wikis have little inherent structure, allowing structure to emerge according to the needs of the users.[1] Wiki engines usually allow content to be written using a simplified markup language and sometimes edited with the help of a rich-text editor.[2] There are dozens of different wiki engines in use, both standalone and part of other software, such as bug tracking systems. Some wiki engines are open-source, whereas others are proprietary. Some permit control over different functions (levels of access); for example, editing rights may permit changing, adding, or removing material. Others may permit access without enforcing access control. Other rules may be imposed to organize content.
The online encyclopedia project, Wikipedia, is the most popular wiki-based website, and is one of the most widely viewed sites in the world, having been ranked in the top twenty since 2007.[3] Wikipedia is not a single wiki but rather a collection of hundreds of wikis, with each one pertaining to a specific language. In addition to Wikipedia, there are hundreds of thousands of other wikis in use, both public and private, including wikis functioning as knowledge management resources, note-taking tools, community websites, and intranets. The English-language Wikipedia has the largest collection of articles: as of February 2020, it has over 6 million articles. Ward Cunningham, the developer of the first wiki software, WikiWikiWeb, originally described wiki as "the simplest online database that could possibly work."[4] "Wiki" (pronounced [wiki][note 1]) is a Hawaiian word meaning "quick."[5][6][7]
Building a Raspberry Pi Robot with Dot NET 8, Blazor and SignalR - Slides Onl...Peter Gallagher
In this session delivered at Leeds IoT, I talk about how you can control a 3D printed Robot Arm with a Raspberry Pi, .NET 8, Blazor and SignalR.
I also show how you can use a Unity app on an Meta Quest 3 to control the arm VR too.
You can find the GitHub repo and workshop instructions here;
https://bit.ly/dotnetrobotgithub
MATHEMATICS BRIDGE COURSE (TEN DAYS PLANNER) (FOR CLASS XI STUDENTS GOING TO ...PinkySharma900491
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