Download to read offline
![¥h¶l†-Soho
2013 ^n{_hcn 17 Rmb¿
abcde
ar-u-h-ž]¶-Su-Œl-Œ Kl-b-ór-es-W-br« žXl-ˆo
]l-ˆr-ž„t Il-dG es-›uG aq-jr-e-~ Il-šo.-.-.-
I-¨-žŒl-›-Iy-žIl-›u-¨ ]l-ˆu-I-ju-žS ‹-j-b-Œr-r-S-br«
¥^l-¥ˆl:
Iuƒ-N„ žže|G
žN-Œr-ar-u-|l-Œ ]l-ˆr-ž„t f-_o-Z-hm-Iu-al-cpG
Xr-cr-Nu ]r-Sr-|u-~u Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo'
hvl-X-Ôp-al-Wo «-Ir-b-Xo. D-cu r-_-
‡--al-óG-¿-]-»-b Il-d-¥Œl-So ]q†-W-
al-buG s-Xr ]u-d†-Œ-WG. A-~l«, B-
š-euG ]u-Xr-b X-d-au-t aq-jr--S-|u-I-buG
¥e-WG.--
D-š ¥l-ˆ-Œr« ]-c-h¶-c-er-cu-Š-ža-
~u ¥Xl-~r-|u-~ I-a-dr-ž„t $m Iu-tr-
]¶-Sr-br«-r-~l-Wo Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-
UrEž„t $m-W-Ÿ-juG ]l-ˆu-Il-cuG ]l-
ˆuG ]r-t-~-žX-~o AG. P-b-N-æ„ hl- žže-|G er-P-b-d-k²r
kp-ž]¶-Su-Œu-~u. žI.--]r.--A.--hr. hu-
¥dl-N--bu-žS-buG ]r. ds-d-bu-žS-buG I-
er-bq† ¥c-e-˜-bu-žS-buG AG.--A-ho. hu-
_-d-k²r-bu-žS-bu-žal-ž| ]l-ˆu-I-ju-žS
Dl†-a ¥e-WG A-~u I-a« "-`r-‹l-b-
ž]¶-ˆr-cu-~u. # "-`r-‹l-b-žŒ ]r„-Xu-
S†-~l-Wo P-b-N-æ„ Pr. âs-tl-ar-ž-buG
žže-|G er-P-b-d-k²r-žb-buG hr-Xl-c-
žb-buG es-›uG I-ž›-Œu-~-Xo.-
$-~o Iu-ˆr-f-_o-Z-al-Wo r-t-žb. ðs-
f-_o-ZG ¥Iy-|l-¥ $-d½. ]-»-b ]l-ˆu-I-
jr« lG ¥Iy-|u-~-Xo ðs-f-_o-Z-al-Wo.
"-Xr-d-e-cu-žS ]-Iv-X-bu-au-›o-¿-I-a« ]-
AG.--P-b-N-æ„, žže-|G er-P-b-d-k²r, I-a-«, Pr. âs-tlG t-bu-~u. "-S-|r ]l-Su-~-Xr-u ]-I-cG Xu-
t-~u-]l-Su-~ cs-Xr-bl-Wo ]-»-b ]l-ˆu-I-ju-
žS ‹-¥Xp-I-X. žža-|r-d½l-Œ Il-d-Œr- br-|»r-ƒu. bq-Spq-_r-dq-žS-buG a-šuG D-
- fr-el--x„ Xu-S-Ÿr-b-e† Ku-cu-|-Ól-
ž„t žžf-dr-Iq-Sr-bl-Wo "-Xo. žXl-› ¥ˆ-žt ¥]-cl-Wo $-Xo es-kr-|u-~Xo.- - cl-br. #-tlG e-b-h·r« ¥b-fu-Zl-hr-
¥‹G-N-xo Xu-t-~u ]l-Su-¥œly ¥Iy-|u-~-Xo ]l-ˆu AG.-A-ho.¥Kl-]-Iu-al† a-d-bl-j hr-r-a-bu-žS ]r-Xl-el-b ž I-›o Z-kr-W h-a†-]¶r-Nu.-
al-ó-a-d½ “-Z-b-euG Iq-Sr-bl-Wo. žže-|G žP.-hr. Ul-r-¥b-dr-ž„t Ps-er-X-I-Y Iu-ˆr-|l-d-Œo Ir-ˆr-b I-jr-]¶l-ˆ-
]l -ˆu-I-ju-žS ‹-j-bG X-ž~-bu-
›l-Iu-~u-›o Dl-¥cl e†-g-
euG. ]-d ]l-ˆu-I-juG lG
¥Iy-|u-~u-¥]l-du-ar-d½. ]l-ˆu-Iy-|o al-
ó-au-¨ Nl--du-I-juG A-^o.-AG. r-d-b-
Ÿ-juG A-d½l-au-›l-br-ˆuG $-~uG ]-»-b
Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Ur'žd ]l-ˆu-Iy
¥I-ˆo pq P--¥t-g„
hr-r-a-|l† A-~u
er-jr-|-ž]¶-Su-~ hG-er-[l-b-I-†
er-P-b-d-k²r-buG Pr. âs-tl-auG -˜u-žS
ž]l-bo-¥]¶l-b Il-d-Œr-ž„t al-[u-cpG Xr-
cr-Nu-žIl-›u-e-cl„ žI-d¶u-¨-e† Iq-Sr-
bl-žW-~o AG. P-b-N-æ„ Nq-›r-|l-ˆu-
~u.--
EIl-¥š Il-¥š s ]q-|l-a-c-Œr-do
Il «-q-šl-›o au„-]o auG-žž_-
br-žd D-cu hl-bl-¡G. g-
ýu-Jl--x il-jr« r-t-
ƒ h-Z-h·r« a-d-bl-jr-bl-b B-»u e-
b-h·u-Il-cr hG-Ks-X-|-¥N-cr -S-Œu-I-
]-t-bu-~ Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo' A-~ N-d-
Nr-ó-Œr-¥d-Xl-Wo $m a-[u-c Kl-G. er-
P-b-d-k²r-buG Pr. âs-tl-auG ¥N†-~l-Wo
#-d-]r-N-Xo.-
er-P-b-d-k²r-|o Ps-er-X-ža-~l«
hG-Ks-XG X-ž~. a-[u-c-al-b ]l-ˆr-ž„t
es-W-br« ]l-ˆo el-br-|l„ ]Tr-Nu
er-P-b-d-k²r. $-Xu I-›o "-•„ au-c-jr-
bl-Wo D-š-|-œr-es-W r†-ar-Nu «-Ir-
b-Xo. ]r-~s-So "-Xr-dl-br el-Z-G.
er-P-b-d-k²r-bu-žS D-š-|-œr es-W-Ào
Kl-b-óres-W-žb-~ ¥]-co «-Ir-b-Xo
#-Il-f-el-Wr-|l-d-žŒ ]-»-b ]l-ˆu-I-
¥jl-Sl-Wo pq P--¥t-g„-Il†-|u-¥]l- žNl-cr-ƒ "-`r--x--Ÿy, ]l-ˆuG aq-jr e-¥~l' A-~ t-^s-|o "-i-
˜-Zo A-»u-Xr-b ]l-ˆl-Wo Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-
bl-Wo. h-Z-hp† # Kl--KG-K-br« #
_l-dr-I-¥bl-žSl-]¶G h-°-cr-|u-~u. D-
]l-Sl„ a-t-~ ]-d½-er-¥]l-žd, $m-fv-
c„ "-e-ju-žS Ps-er-X-Œr-o Il-× «-
Iu-~-|u-Sr žže-Zp-l-Y-l-Wo. Kl-b-
óres-W-br« er-P-b-d-k²r I-¥N-cr
duG ‹r-bG. <-¨r« X-ˆl-Œ, I-¨-žŒl- hG-er-[l-b-I„ I-a« Ur'« žže-|G er-P-b-d-k²r-buG Pr. ~-c a-Wr-|q† s-› I-¥N-cr-|o aG-K-jG Ir-br-d½. ]-¥k, a-¥l-i-c-al-b f-_o-Z- -S-Œl„ Xu-S-Ÿr-br-ˆo 18 e†-gG
›-Iy-žIl-›o ]l-Sr-r-t-Àu-~, hG-Ks-X- -d½ hG-Ks-XG âs-tl-auG ¥N†-~u ]l-Sr-b-Xo. EB-u-
¥›l-Ss "-œr-jr-N-G' A-~ ]l-ˆo a-d-
]l-Sr-|-»r-ƒ-¥]¶ly # ]l-el-S-|l-cr-
|o h-Z-h·r«-r-~o "-`r--x--Œr-ž„t
euG “-Z-b-Œr« hG-Ks-X-euG ]-I-c-al- ]r-~r-Su-~u.-
b-Ô-Ÿ-ju-žS a-[p-z-X-br« ]q-|u-~ Xr-cr-N-tr-b-ž]¶-Sl-žX ¥]l-Ir-d½ br žIl-Su-Œu.- h¦qy-X-dG au-X« I-¥dl-ö-e-Ÿ-
]l-ˆu-Iy D-cu Il-Xr-duG "-d-žbl-dr-Iy bl-j hr-r-a-br-žd l-S„-]l-ˆr-ž„t - I-c-¥Ll-gG. ž]l-Xu-¥e-Zr-br-žd "-e- cl-K-Ÿy Nr-t-I-Sr-No <-b-cu-¥œly jr« ]-ž£-Su-Œo fl-ðs-b hG-Ks-X-
ì-go-Sr-|l-žX Il-h-šo Iq--I-jr« D-Su- A-~-Xr-žl-cu e-X-cG-KG Xs†-Œ N-æ-¥f-J-c„ B-Ÿ- ju-žS #-Zp I-¥N-cr-bl-br-cu-~u "-Xo. "-Xr-dq-žS er-P-b-d-k²r ¥dl-I-žŒ Œr« h-˜l--Ÿy el-cr-|q-ˆr. r-c-e-
Ÿu-~u. $-er-žS-bl-Wo I-a-dr-ž„t, AG.-- <-Zl-i-c-W-al-bl-Wo ›r-bq-cr-ž„t c-N--br« hr-Xl-c-bl- ž-°r-Sr-¥]¶l-žS ¥e-Zr-br« I-b-tr-b Il-Wu-~u. EKl-b-ór-es-WEžb-~ D-š-|- [r "-el†-Uu-I-juG d-`r-Nu, $m N-cr-ó
P-b-N-æ-ž„t Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo' D-cu Xr- Wo ]l-Sr-b-Xo. hr-Xl-c-žb-ž|l-›o ]l- ž]‚-Iu-ˆr-|o h-Z-h·r-ž„t ¥‹l-öl- œr-es-W-br« er-c-¥dl-Sr-|u-¥œly <- _r-cu-Z-[l-cr-|o.-
cu-Œl-buG N-cr-ó-al-buG al-tu-~-Xo.- A-Su-|u-~-Xo ˆu ]l-Sr-N-Xr-u-¥f-g-al-Wo P-b-N-æ„ i--Œr« a-G-r-t-ƒu. #-hvl-Z-I- Xr-cu-~ l-Z-{--Œr-dq-žS "-ey Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-UrE« ]l-Sl-u-¨
N-d-Nr-ó-Kl--Ÿ-¥jl-So "-hl-[l-c- "-Xl-cl-žW-~u ]-t-bl-žX I-a-dr-ž cu-žS "-u-¥al-Z-l-c-eG "-ey ¥I-ˆ-tr- ¥dl-I-žŒ "-tr-bu-~u "-e-h-cG ¥^l‚ h-¥x-f-al-br er-P-
¥Iy-]¶r-N-Xo. ]l-Sr-b-Xo hr-Xl-c-bl-žW- ƒu; Il-c-WG I-›-tr-bl„ "-ey-|o
~u-¥]l-duG I-a-dr-u a--h·r-dl-br-d½. Il-×-br-d½l-br-cu-~u.-
"-ó-buG ep-Xp-h´-al-b D-cu žžf-dr-br- c-›-c ]-Xr-šl-›r-r-]¶u-tG A-t-Wl-
dl-Wo hr-Xl-c EB-u-¥›l-Sr' ]l-Sr-b-Xo.
E$-Xl-Wo hr-Xl-c-bu-žS f-cr-bl-b f-_o-
Iu-jG ]l-dl-cr-e-ˆ-žŒ ža-Kl Ur-Pr-š«
îu-Ur-¥bl. "-er-žS D-cu N-d-Nr-ó-Kl-
er-P-b-d-k²r-bu-žS #-Zp N-d-Nr-ó-Kl-G
ZG'¿-hr-Xl-c-bu-žS `†-Œl-euG h-i-bl- -Œr-ž„t žt-¥|l-Ur-Mo -S-|u-I-bl- ¥I-ˆo ¥^l-Wr« er-jr-No "-`r--xr-N-e†
ór-I-u-al-b ¥Ul. h-Ps-go hl-kp-ž]¶- Wo. ž-°r-Sr-]¶o <-¨r-ždl-Xu-|r # bu-
Su-Œu-~u.-- e-Xr ]l-Sr-Œu-S-Ÿr. hG-er-[l-b-I-uG B-žt. ¥b-fu-Zl-ho, Pr. ¥e-Wu-¥Kl-]l«,
žP.--hr. Ul-r-¥b-dr-ž„t-buG ¥tl- hG-Ks-X-hG-er-[l-b-I-u-ža-d½lG "-cr- ar„-ar-r, Ç-go-W-N-æ„ Xu-S-Ÿr
hr-bu-žS-buG Ps-er-X-Zu-c--Œr-ž„t I-Y Ir«. #-Zp â-a-Œr«-Œ-ž~ A-d½lG
]-t-bu-~ Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo' 1930¿-žd f-
_o-Z-¥dl-I-al-Wo ]l-ˆr« es-ž›-Su-|u-~-
EDl-ž|'. "-c a-Wr-|q-tr-u-¨r« ]l-ˆr-
ž„t žt-¥|l-Ur-Mo ]q†-Œr-bl-br. "- r-c-e-[r ¥]-†
Xo. D-cu ¥^l-Io I½l-hr-|« žžf-dr-bl- `r--x--Ÿ-jl« h†-e-cuG "-e-žj
t^s-|o "-i˜Zo N-æ-¥fJc„ BŸ›rbq† hrXlc Wo Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-UrEž„t hG-Ks-X-Œr- ž]l-Xr-ƒu. Il-×-br-d½l-Œ # Kl-br-
o Xl„ ]r„-Xu-S†-~-žX-~o AG. P-b-N- I hG-Ks-X-al-Iu-~ "-I-|-ül« A- er-P-b-d-k²r-bu-žS #-Zp N-d-Nr-ó- b-d-k²r-žb ¥X-Sr-žb-Œu-I-bl-br-cu-
æ„ ]-t-bu-~u.-- d½lG I-›-tr-ƒu.- Kl-G ¥I-ˆo ¥^l-Wr« er-jr-No "-`r-- ~u. ¥^l-Wr-ž„t a-tu-X-d-À« AG. P-
W-al-b "-`r-r-¥e-f-au-¨ P--X-bl-Wo Dl†-a-br« r«-|u-~u-ž›-~o Dl†- EEžh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Ur« Ir-ˆr-b ]l-ˆo A- žže|G er-P-b-d-k²r-žb-~ Kl-br- xr-N-e† B-žt. Kl--K-‡†-e„ ¥b-fu- b-N-æ„. D-cu Nl--dr« er-P-b-d-k²r-
a-d-bl-jr-Iy. hr-r-a-bu-žS Xu-S-|G au- Œl« al-óG a-Xr A-ó fu-go-I-al-br-ˆu- ž„t Ps-er-X-Œr-žd B-š-euG e-dr-b "- I-bu-žS hG-Ks-X ¥dl-I-¥Œ-|u-¨ I-S- Zl-ho, Pr. ¥e-Wu-¥Kl-]l«, ar„-ar-r, bu-žS ]l-ˆo ¥Iy-|l„ $-S-bl-b-Xr-ž-
X« ]r-~-Wr-]¶l-ˆo -au-ž|l-]¶-au-›o. hv- ›o -˜u-žS ]l-ˆr-ž„t ¥dl-IG A-~u Xr- e-h-c-al-br-cu-~u. Xu-t-~u-]l-Sl-u-¨ "- ~u-e-c-er-o hl-kpG-e-ir-N-Xo auG- Ç-go-W-N-æ„ Xu-S-Ÿr r-c-e-[r ¥]-†.- Œu-S†-~l-Wo P-b-N-æ„ X-ž„t ]l-ˆu-
G “-Z-b-Kl--Ÿ-jl-br a-d-bl-jr A- cr-N-tr-bl„.-- e-h-cG''¿ hr-Xl-c ]l-ˆr-¥l-Su-¨ I-S-]¶l- žž_ g‚-au-Jl--x il-jr-žd h-“-Z- žže-|-Œr--Su-Œo <-Z-b-l-]u-cG ]l-Sl„ "-e-žc Xr-c-žƒ-Su-Œ-Xo.-
~uG N-d-Nr-ó-Kl--Ÿ-žj D-]¶G žIl-›u- I-a-dr-ž„t Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo' ]-d-r- So ¥c-J-ž]¶-Su-Œu-~u.-- b†. N-d-Nr-ó ]r-~-Wr-Kl--cG-K-¥Œ- hv-¥Z-fr-r-bl-Wo er-P-b-d-k²r. <-gl-r- Il-×br-dlÁbu-žS ]-cr-[r-Iy a-tr-I-
- ½- -
-S-~r-ˆu-›o. Dl†-a-Iy lG ¥f-J-cr-Nu- d-ÀuG D-cu e-»r-al-tr-¥]¶l-I-dl-Wo. D-~l-a- Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-UrEžd ]l-ˆu-Iy ¥I-ˆo |u-¨ er-P-b-d-k²r-bu-žS ‹-¥e-f-Œr- d-b-Œr« er. au-c-js-[-c-ž„t-buG ]r.- S-~o $-šdr, hvr-šh†-d„-Uo, er-er-[ Ky-
- o-
že-|u-~-Xu-¥]l-duG $m Kl--Ÿ-jr-dl- Xo "-Xo ]r-~-Wr-]¶l-ˆu-Iy Xu-S-ŸuG-au- $-~-žŒ pq P--¥t-g„ hr-r-a-|l† o hl-kr-I-jl-b-Xo a-d-bl-j N-d-Nr-ó-¿ žI. er-a-d-bu-žS-buG B-I a-I-jl-br P-- ^o cl-Pp-Ÿy A-~r-er-SŸjr-duG er-Pb-
- - -
Wo. A-~l«, hG-Ks-X-b-Ô-hG-er-[l-- œu-¨ hr-r-a-bu-žS `q-X-Il-d-¥Œ-|u- A-~u er-jr-|-ž]¶-Su-~ hG-er-[l-b-I-žc- hG-Ks-X-cG-K-žŒ ‹-au-J† <y-ž]¶-žS- G. "-•--˜-al-cuG "-•-ž„t Nr-š a- d-kr² Kl-bór-es-W¿ hG-Ks-X|¥Ncr-
- - - - -
Ÿy I-¥œl-jG žžI-b-S-|r-b-¥Xl-žS ¨ D-cu a-S-|-bl-ó-bl-Wo. a-d-bl-j hr- d½lG X-ž~ žNl-cr-ƒ "-`r--x--Ÿy bu-¨-e-cuG.- hG-Ks-X-É, Kl-b-óres- ¥l-Ó-Wr-"-˜-buG -d½ Kl-b-I†. žIl- Iy -SŒr. c-›o e†-WŸjuG B-»o
- - -
]l-ˆu-I-ju-žS "-]-N-b-Il-dG Xu-S-Ÿr-žb- r-a-br-žd #-Zp-hG-cG-`-Œr-¥d-|o, hr-r- hG-er-[l-b-I„ I-a« -d½ hG-Ks-XG Xr- Wl-el-Z-I A-~s r-d-I-jr« er-P-b-d- Nu-er-P-b-d-k²r ]r-N-že-No I-b-tr-b-Xo Is†-ŒeuG aq-~o ]-der-buG hv-al-
- - -½ -
~u ]-t-blG. I-¨-žŒl-›-br« D-¥c a-bu-žS al-Xl-er-¥d-|uG ]r-Xl-er-¥d-|u- cr-N-tr-b-ž]¶-Sl-žX ¥]l-Ir-d½ A-~-Xr- k²r au„-¥] ‹-f-h´-bl-Wo. $-¥]¶ly $- hG-Ks-X-Œr-ž„t ¥dl-I-¥Œ-|o.- br c-Nr-Nu . I-YIjr-hG-Ks-XG, "-gS]Zr
- - o- - -
el†-]¶u-al-ò-I ]r„-Xu-S†-~u-¥]l-cu-~ au-¨ Xr-cr-Nu-¥]l-|o. A-l-br-cr-|uG žl-cu <-Zl-i-c-W-al-bl-Wo A-Su-|u-~- e†-|o d-`r-N-Xo N-d-Nr-ó ]r-~-Wr Kl- ]l-c-œ-cp-al-br ]-I†-~u-Ir-ˆr-b hG- A-~r-ebr-duG r-]u-Wbl-Wo.-
- -
]l-ˆu-Iy D-cu “-Z-b-¥Œ-buG N-dr-]¶r-|l- # Il-d-Œr-ž„t $m-WG A-~ #-¥dl- Xo. B-Xl-bl-duG l-S„ $m-W-Ÿy-|o a- br-I-žb-~ ž]l„-Xq-e-duG.- Ks-X-Œr-dq-žS Il-×-br-d½l-Á-bu-žS ]-cr- hv-c-Œr-duG er-c«-Œu-œr-duG hG-
Xl-br. ]l-ˆu-I-N-e-SG-al-óG "-c-Ÿo el- N--X-ž~ hG-er-[l-b-I„ I-a-dr-o D-cu u-gp-“-Z-b-Ÿ-žj h¶†-fr-|l-u-¨ ¥f- er-Pbdkr² #-Zp-al-br ]r-~Wr
- - - - ar-Xr-I-žj a-tr-I-S-~u. žže-|G Nl- Ks-X-eu-al-br er-P-b-d-k²r žžP-ó-bl-ó
Wu.-- že-d½u-er-jr-bl-br-cu-~u. hG-Ks-X-hG-er- gr al-ó-a-d½, ar-u-h-ž]¶-Su-Œl-Œ ]l-ˆr- ]l-Sr-b EIl-¥š Il-¥š s ]q-|l-acŒrdo
-- Œ„-Iu-ˆr ¥Z-es-¥k-ó-Œr-dl-br-cu-~u Xu-S-cu-I-bl-Wo. hG-Ks-X-žŒ -¥h³-ir-
127 hr-r-a-Iy ]u-t-Œu-e-~ 2012¿- [l-b-I„ AG. P-b-N-æ-o I-a« ]-»-b- ž„t Il-d-Œr-o a-c-W-ar-žd½-~uG $m ]l-ˆuG aq-jr e-¥~l.-..- '- A-~ Kl-G hr-r- "-c-¥Ÿ-šG. žže-|G hu-a-Ss-N†, al- |u-~-e-cu-žS a--h·r-¥d-|o "-a¼-X-e†-
žd A-ó ]l-ˆu-Iy 2013 ^r-{-e-cr-br« Il-d-žŒ Xr-cr-Nu-]r-Sr-|l„ h-œq†-W ]l-ˆu-Iy Dl†-a-ž]¶-Su-Œu-~u.-- a ]u-tŒr-tŸu-~Xr-u au„-¥] ir-šl-
- - - ¥e-dr-|-c ž]l-~-˜ly, ž-Su-a-Ÿl-So gr-Wr-bl-br.-.-.
¥h¶l†-Soho Nr-ó-buG "-^o-h-duG Dl-Su-~-Xl-†-|u-¥e-›r?
žŒ žK-brG-hr-o ]-Sr-el-Xr«- el†-Uo er-]½-e-Œr-o Xu-S-|-ar-ˆ …l„ Eal-ò-`q-ar' au-¥J- I-°r-¥|l-So ep-e-hl-b ¥I-
|« r«-|u-~ ¥I-c-jG A-er-žS- au„ au-Jp-a-Ôr žI. I-cu-Wl-I-c- æG $-cu-e†-|uG 12000 cq-]-es-XG -do-Ir-b-Xu-žIl-›o
DjrG]p„ bu-ža-Œr-br-d½. e-j-cu-~ Il-br-I-
Xl-c-Ÿ-jl-I-žˆ d-kpG-Il-Wl-žX
ž $-er-žS a-t-|u-~r-d½)
hl-œ-Œr-I ]-cl-[s--X-I-ju-
"-e† c-k-ž]¶-ˆu)
ža-U-du-Iy ¥-Sl„ Nr-ó-buG "-^o-h-duG žža-
"-d-bu-~u. A-er-žS-bl-Wo -˜u- ¨ Iu-SuG-_-Œr«-r-~u e-cu-~ Xl--Œo $-ó-¥b-žt "-Švl-r-¥|-›r e-~r-ˆu-›l-er-
aq- ~u Z-fl-}-Ÿy-|-]¶u-
t-Œo B-š-eu-žal-Su-er«
$-p-br« -S-~ B-
gp„ žK-brG-hr« ža-
U« ¥-Su-~ Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿy-
žS Iu-»-]¶G?
a-šu hG-zl--Ÿ-žj "-¥]-
kr-No Il-go "-el†-Uu-I-j-S-|-au-
¨ "†-i-al-b ¥‹l-öl-i-G -
do-Iu-~-Xr« ¥I-c-jG B-žt ]r-~r-
]r.--bu. Nr-ó-buG au-i-˜-Zo "-^o-h-
duG l-¥l Il† Ir-ˆr-b-Xu au-X«
"-r-§r-X-Xv-Œr-ž„t X-S-er-dl-
Wo. ]l-»o-h« h†-es-ho e-»r Il-tu-
Iy ]l-d-|l-žˆ-Œr-|l„ ]-Xr-
d½. al--hr-I-hG-L†-g-euG r-h·-il-b-X-buG ¥e-žt-
buG. "-¥]¶l-»uG l-»r-I-Àu l-d¶-Xu e-ˆG ¥h¶l†-So-ho er-
I-h--žŒ-]¶-šr el-¥Xl-cl-žX hG-hl-cr-|u-~-e-cu-žS
fu-]l†-fl el-àl--euG r-¥e-Z- h-a†-]¶-W-eu-ža-d½lG
$-er-Su-žŒ Il-br-I-¥‹-ar-Iy-|o au-»u-e„ l-W-¥|-
¥^l-¥ˆl: _r. au-c-js-Ç-goW„
|o-¿ hv†-W-Œr-o D-cu d-k-euG dl-Wo. i-cr-bl--buG ]-°l-_uG a- ž-ül-br-cG cq-]-es-XG ¥e-WG. $- Sl-Wo. Il-br-I-cG-K-Œo hG-zl--Œr-u ¥e-›r ¥-ˆ-
že-¨r-|o "-c-d-k-euG Dl-Sr-o il-cl-go-Ñ-buG #-é-bu-ža-d½lG X- šl-e-br-žd žh„to-¥a-cs-ho žh-ar- Ÿy žžI-e-cr-|u-~ e-j-cu-~ Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿy-|o
Il« d-k-euG Il-go "-el†-Uu- Ÿ-ju-žS e-j-cu-~ Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿ- l-cr -do-Ir-b 25000 cq-] I-»r- "-u-`l-e-]q†-W-al-b ]-cr-K-W- Ir-ˆl„ D-cu zr-cG
Iy ‹-Jpl-]r-No a-šu hG-zl--Ÿ- žj er.--er.--žA.--]r.--I-jl-br ]-cr-K- Nl« cq-] ]r-ž~-buG ¥e-WG. "- hG-er-[l--žŒ-|u-tr-No A-u-žIl-›o #-¥dl-Nr-Nu-
žj-žb-d½lG žR-ˆr-N ¥I-c-jG $- Wr-|u-¥œly ¥I-c-j-Xl-c-Ÿy žX-Ÿ-ž-žbl-ž|-¥bl hv-cq-]r- Iq-Sl? $-žd½-£r« Nr-ó-bu-žS-buG "-^o-h-dr-ž„t-buG
ž~-er-žS r-€u-~u? "-[r-Il-c- "-[H-Ç-X† X-ž~. "†-ir-|u-~ No Il-tu-Iy ]l-d-|l-žˆ-Œr-b- "-u-`-eG $-er-žS $-r-bu-al-e†-Œr-|uG. D-cu X-d-au-t-
Œr« e-cu-~ h†-|l-tu-Iy $-S- ¥‹l-öl-i--Ÿy d-`r-|u-~r-d½. ¥]¶ly ¥tl-Uo r-Iu-Xr 12000 cq-] ¥bl-So žN-…u-~ žIl-SuG-Æq-c-X-bl-WXo.
Xl-bl-duG e-d-Xl-bl-duG ¥h¶l†-So- ‹-Jpl-]r-N Il-go "-el†-Uu-I-juG es-XG ¥e-žt-buG. h-˜l- r-Iu-Xr
ho er-I-h-G ‹-Jpl-]--Ÿ-jr-ždl- a-šuG Ir-ˆl„-X-ž~ žže-Iu-~u. ]- -do-¥I-›r-e-cu-ža-~ `s-Xr-buG r-d-
Xu-Ÿu-~u. žža-Xl--Œr-ž„t l- d-XuG Iu-Sr-r-I-bl-br al-h-Ÿy r-€u-~u. $-žXl-»r-el-|u-~-Xr-o h-U„-U-Œo: "--[r-Ç-X Sq†-W-ža„tr« I-jr-
d-b-d-Œo ¥]l-duG "-Su-]¶r-|l-l- žI-ˆr-|r-S-|u-~u. Il-br-I er-I-h- $-šl-e-br« -S-~ ¥Z-fs-b h¦qy "-Xo-d-šr-I·r« ep-¹r-K-X Nl-œp-Ól-cl-b K-Xl-K-X a-Ôr-|o r-¥e-Z-G h-a†- Nl« -S-]-Sr-¿ žI.--A-^o.-A.
el-Œ er-e-c-¥Zl-gr-I-jl-b -Œr-u-¨ h†-|l† Ül„to -do- ]r.-bu. Nr-ó-žb-buG au-i-˜-Zo "-^o-h-dr-ž-buG h-˜l--al-br Ir-ˆr-b ]¶r-|l„ D-cu-Ÿr-r-~-¥]¶ly $- ¥]-Sr-]¶r-|-cu-Xo. ž-”u ho-¥š-Ur-b-Œr«
¥h¶l†-So-ho a-Ôr-al-cu-žS ž]l-¨- Ir Ps-e--|l†-|o f-œ-jG -do- l-¥l Il-tr-u au-I-jr-¥d-|o ]-cr-fs-d-I† I-b-šu-~u |l-cpG "-[r-Ç-X-cu-al-br hG-hl-cr- h-¥l-g¥Ñl-^r I-jr-|l„ #-ju Xr-Ibl-žX e-cuG!
o- -
bl-b ‹-Jpl-]--Ÿy-|r-S-br« a- Il„ X-ž~ ]l-Su-ž]-Su-~ ¥h¶l†-So- |l-ža-~o ¥I-c-jl ¥h¶l†-So-ho vrgpal@gmail.com
tu-l-S„ hG-zl--Ÿy B-žt-Zq- ho Im‚-hr-žd-~ Eže-¨l-' Im‚-hr« ‹-hr-U„to ]-t-ƒr-
cG ¥]l-br-|-»r-ƒu. D-žcl-š ¥Z- ¥h¶l†-So-hr-u al-ó-a-d½ hG-zl-- e-j-cu-~ Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿ-žj ža-U« ¥P-Xl-|y-|-d½ ¥Z-fs-b cu-~u-¥]l-duG! $-er-Su-žŒ ¥h¶l†-
fs-b žK-brG-hr-o #-Xr-¥Y-b-XvG Œr-u X-ž~ `l-c-al-Wo. Il-SuG hr- A-Ÿ-ž ¥‹l-öl-ir-]¶r-|l-ža- h¦qy žK-brG-ho ep-¹r-K-X ¥P-Xl- So-ho er-I-h--Œr-ž„t Nr-óG a--
e-ir-Nu-žIl-›o- a-Wr-]¶u-cuG ¥Kl- r-a-bu-ža-d½lG I-»r-ƒo ¥h¶l†-So-ho ~o au-dl-bG-hr-Ÿr-ž„t <-Œ†-‹- |y-|l-Wo 1.--85 d-kG cq-] er-d- h·r-dl-|l„ $-Xo a-Xr-bl-euG. hG-
il-ˆr-buG tl-°r-bu-ža-d½lG $„- a-Ôl-d-b-Œr-o h-a-b-eu-ar-d½. "- ¥Z-fr« ¥]l-br ¥I-c-jG ]Tr-|-W- bu-¨ l-¥l-Il† h-˜l-r-N-žX- zl- h†-|l-tuG ¥h¶l†-So-ho
‘l-ho-Ñ-Io-N-tu-I-ju-žS Il-cp-Œr« žd½-£r« "-ó-žbl-ž| a-Xr-žb- ža-~u ¥Xl-~u-~u. $-er-žS D-jr-œr- ~o $-er-žS Dl†-|u-I. ($-p-br« Im‚-hr-du-ža-d½lG D-¥c Xq-e«
Iu-Xr-Nu Nl-Sr-b-¥]¶ly c-›l-a- ~ a-¥l-`l-e-eu-al-IlG. Io-¿-B-gpl-Uo-¿-¥Il-a‚-že«-Œo Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿy-|u-¨ Il-go "- ]-kr-Iy. (Il† c-Pr-ho-š† žN-](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/celluloid-130227054356-phpapp01/85/Celluloid-1-320.jpg)
![¥h¶l†-Soho
2013 ^n{_hcn 17 Rmb¿
abcde
ar-u-h-ž]¶-Su-Œl-Œ Kl-b-ór-es-W-br« žXl-ˆo
]l-ˆr-ž„t Il-dG es-›uG aq-jr-e-~ Il-šo.-.-.-
I-¨-žŒl-›-Iy-žIl-›u-¨ ]l-ˆu-I-ju-žS ‹-j-b-Œr-r-S-br«
¥^l-¥ˆl:
Iuƒ-N„ žže|G
žN-Œr-ar-u-|l-Œ ]l-ˆr-ž„t f-_o-Z-hm-Iu-al-cpG
Xr-cr-Nu ]r-Sr-|u-~u Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo'
hvl-X-Ôp-al-Wo «-Ir-b-Xo. D-cu r-_-
‡--al-óG-¿-]-»-b Il-d-¥Œl-So ]q†-W-
al-buG s-Xr ]u-d†-Œ-WG. A-~l«, B-
š-euG ]u-Xr-b X-d-au-t aq-jr--S-|u-I-buG
¥e-WG.--
D-š ¥l-ˆ-Œr« ]-c-h¶-c-er-cu-Š-ža-
~u ¥Xl-~r-|u-~ I-a-dr-ž„t $m Iu-tr-
]¶-Sr-br«-r-~l-Wo Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-
UrEž„t $m-W-Ÿ-juG ]l-ˆu-Il-cuG ]l-
ˆuG ]r-t-~-žX-~o AG. P-b-N-æ„ hl- žže-|G er-P-b-d-k²r
kp-ž]¶-Su-Œu-~u. žI.--]r.--A.--hr. hu-
¥dl-N--bu-žS-buG ]r. ds-d-bu-žS-buG I-
er-bq† ¥c-e-˜-bu-žS-buG AG.--A-ho. hu-
_-d-k²r-bu-žS-bu-žal-ž| ]l-ˆu-I-ju-žS
Dl†-a ¥e-WG A-~u I-a« "-`r-‹l-b-
ž]¶-ˆr-cu-~u. # "-`r-‹l-b-žŒ ]r„-Xu-
S†-~l-Wo P-b-N-æ„ Pr. âs-tl-ar-ž-buG
žže-|G er-P-b-d-k²r-žb-buG hr-Xl-c-
žb-buG es-›uG I-ž›-Œu-~-Xo.-
$-~o Iu-ˆr-f-_o-Z-al-Wo r-t-žb. ðs-
f-_o-ZG ¥Iy-|l-¥ $-d½. ]-»-b ]l-ˆu-I-
jr« lG ¥Iy-|u-~-Xo ðs-f-_o-Z-al-Wo.
"-Xr-d-e-cu-žS ]-Iv-X-bu-au-›o-¿-I-a« ]-
AG.--P-b-N-æ„, žže-|G er-P-b-d-k²r, I-a-«, Pr. âs-tlG t-bu-~u. "-S-|r ]l-Su-~-Xr-u ]-I-cG Xu-
t-~u-]l-Su-~ cs-Xr-bl-Wo ]-»-b ]l-ˆu-I-ju-
žS ‹-¥Xp-I-X. žža-|r-d½l-Œ Il-d-Œr- br-|»r-ƒu. bq-Spq-_r-dq-žS-buG a-šuG D-
- fr-el--x„ Xu-S-Ÿr-b-e† Ku-cu-|-Ól-
ž„t žžf-dr-Iq-Sr-bl-Wo "-Xo. žXl-› ¥ˆ-žt ¥]-cl-Wo $-Xo es-kr-|u-~Xo.- - cl-br. #-tlG e-b-h·r« ¥b-fu-Zl-hr-
¥‹G-N-xo Xu-t-~u ]l-Su-¥œly ¥Iy-|u-~-Xo ]l-ˆu AG.-A-ho.¥Kl-]-Iu-al† a-d-bl-j hr-r-a-bu-žS ]r-Xl-el-b ž I-›o Z-kr-W h-a†-]¶r-Nu.-
al-ó-a-d½ “-Z-b-euG Iq-Sr-bl-Wo. žže-|G žP.-hr. Ul-r-¥b-dr-ž„t Ps-er-X-I-Y Iu-ˆr-|l-d-Œo Ir-ˆr-b I-jr-]¶l-ˆ-
]l -ˆu-I-ju-žS ‹-j-bG X-ž~-bu-
›l-Iu-~u-›o Dl-¥cl e†-g-
euG. ]-d ]l-ˆu-I-juG lG
¥Iy-|u-~u-¥]l-du-ar-d½. ]l-ˆu-Iy-|o al-
ó-au-¨ Nl--du-I-juG A-^o.-AG. r-d-b-
Ÿ-juG A-d½l-au-›l-br-ˆuG $-~uG ]-»-b
Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Ur'žd ]l-ˆu-Iy
¥I-ˆo pq P--¥t-g„
hr-r-a-|l† A-~u
er-jr-|-ž]¶-Su-~ hG-er-[l-b-I-†
er-P-b-d-k²r-buG Pr. âs-tl-auG -˜u-žS
ž]l-bo-¥]¶l-b Il-d-Œr-ž„t al-[u-cpG Xr-
cr-Nu-žIl-›u-e-cl„ žI-d¶u-¨-e† Iq-Sr-
bl-žW-~o AG. P-b-N-æ„ Nq-›r-|l-ˆu-
~u.--
EIl-¥š Il-¥š s ]q-|l-a-c-Œr-do
Il «-q-šl-›o au„-]o auG-žž_-
br-žd D-cu hl-bl-¡G. g-
ýu-Jl--x il-jr« r-t-
ƒ h-Z-h·r« a-d-bl-jr-bl-b B-»u e-
b-h·u-Il-cr hG-Ks-X-|-¥N-cr -S-Œu-I-
]-t-bu-~ Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo' A-~ N-d-
Nr-ó-Œr-¥d-Xl-Wo $m a-[u-c Kl-G. er-
P-b-d-k²r-buG Pr. âs-tl-auG ¥N†-~l-Wo
#-d-]r-N-Xo.-
er-P-b-d-k²r-|o Ps-er-X-ža-~l«
hG-Ks-XG X-ž~. a-[u-c-al-b ]l-ˆr-ž„t
es-W-br« ]l-ˆo el-br-|l„ ]Tr-Nu
er-P-b-d-k²r. $-Xu I-›o "-•„ au-c-jr-
bl-Wo D-š-|-œr-es-W r†-ar-Nu «-Ir-
b-Xo. ]r-~s-So "-Xr-dl-br el-Z-G.
er-P-b-d-k²r-bu-žS D-š-|-œr es-W-Ào
Kl-b-óres-W-žb-~ ¥]-co «-Ir-b-Xo
#-Il-f-el-Wr-|l-d-žŒ ]-»-b ]l-ˆu-I-
¥jl-Sl-Wo pq P--¥t-g„-Il†-|u-¥]l- žNl-cr-ƒ "-`r--x--Ÿy, ]l-ˆuG aq-jr e-¥~l' A-~ t-^s-|o "-i-
˜-Zo A-»u-Xr-b ]l-ˆl-Wo Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-
bl-Wo. h-Z-hp† # Kl--KG-K-br« #
_l-dr-I-¥bl-žSl-]¶G h-°-cr-|u-~u. D-
]l-Sl„ a-t-~ ]-d½-er-¥]l-žd, $m-fv-
c„ "-e-ju-žS Ps-er-X-Œr-o Il-× «-
Iu-~-|u-Sr žže-Zp-l-Y-l-Wo. Kl-b-
óres-W-br« er-P-b-d-k²r I-¥N-cr
duG ‹r-bG. <-¨r« X-ˆl-Œ, I-¨-žŒl- hG-er-[l-b-I„ I-a« Ur'« žže-|G er-P-b-d-k²r-buG Pr. ~-c a-Wr-|q† s-› I-¥N-cr-|o aG-K-jG Ir-br-d½. ]-¥k, a-¥l-i-c-al-b f-_o-Z- -S-Œl„ Xu-S-Ÿr-br-ˆo 18 e†-gG
›-Iy-žIl-›o ]l-Sr-r-t-Àu-~, hG-Ks-X- -d½ hG-Ks-XG âs-tl-auG ¥N†-~u ]l-Sr-b-Xo. EB-u-
¥›l-Ss "-œr-jr-N-G' A-~ ]l-ˆo a-d-
]l-Sr-|-»r-ƒ-¥]¶ly # ]l-el-S-|l-cr-
|o h-Z-h·r«-r-~o "-`r--x--Œr-ž„t
euG “-Z-b-Œr« hG-Ks-X-euG ]-I-c-al- ]r-~r-Su-~u.-
b-Ô-Ÿ-ju-žS a-[p-z-X-br« ]q-|u-~ Xr-cr-N-tr-b-ž]¶-Sl-žX ¥]l-Ir-d½ br žIl-Su-Œu.- h¦qy-X-dG au-X« I-¥dl-ö-e-Ÿ-
]l-ˆu-Iy D-cu Il-Xr-duG "-d-žbl-dr-Iy bl-j hr-r-a-br-žd l-S„-]l-ˆr-ž„t - I-c-¥Ll-gG. ž]l-Xu-¥e-Zr-br-žd "-e- cl-K-Ÿy Nr-t-I-Sr-No <-b-cu-¥œly jr« ]-ž£-Su-Œo fl-ðs-b hG-Ks-X-
ì-go-Sr-|l-žX Il-h-šo Iq--I-jr« D-Su- A-~-Xr-žl-cu e-X-cG-KG Xs†-Œ N-æ-¥f-J-c„ B-Ÿ- ju-žS #-Zp I-¥N-cr-bl-br-cu-~u "-Xo. "-Xr-dq-žS er-P-b-d-k²r ¥dl-I-žŒ Œr« h-˜l--Ÿy el-cr-|q-ˆr. r-c-e-
Ÿu-~u. $-er-žS-bl-Wo I-a-dr-ž„t, AG.-- <-Zl-i-c-W-al-bl-Wo ›r-bq-cr-ž„t c-N--br« hr-Xl-c-bl- ž-°r-Sr-¥]¶l-žS ¥e-Zr-br« I-b-tr-b Il-Wu-~u. EKl-b-ór-es-WEžb-~ D-š-|- [r "-el†-Uu-I-juG d-`r-Nu, $m N-cr-ó
P-b-N-æ-ž„t Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo' D-cu Xr- Wo ]l-Sr-b-Xo. hr-Xl-c-žb-ž|l-›o ]l- ž]‚-Iu-ˆr-|o h-Z-h·r-ž„t ¥‹l-öl- œr-es-W-br« er-c-¥dl-Sr-|u-¥œly <- _r-cu-Z-[l-cr-|o.-
cu-Œl-buG N-cr-ó-al-buG al-tu-~-Xo.- A-Su-|u-~-Xo ˆu ]l-Sr-N-Xr-u-¥f-g-al-Wo P-b-N-æ„ i--Œr« a-G-r-t-ƒu. #-hvl-Z-I- Xr-cu-~ l-Z-{--Œr-dq-žS "-ey Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-UrE« ]l-Sl-u-¨
N-d-Nr-ó-Kl--Ÿ-¥jl-So "-hl-[l-c- "-Xl-cl-žW-~u ]-t-bl-žX I-a-dr-ž cu-žS "-u-¥al-Z-l-c-eG "-ey ¥I-ˆ-tr- ¥dl-I-žŒ "-tr-bu-~u "-e-h-cG ¥^l‚ h-¥x-f-al-br er-P-
¥Iy-]¶r-N-Xo. ]l-Sr-b-Xo hr-Xl-c-bl-žW- ƒu; Il-c-WG I-›-tr-bl„ "-ey-|o
~u-¥]l-duG I-a-dr-u a--h·r-dl-br-d½. Il-×-br-d½l-br-cu-~u.-
"-ó-buG ep-Xp-h´-al-b D-cu žžf-dr-br- c-›-c ]-Xr-šl-›r-r-]¶u-tG A-t-Wl-
dl-Wo hr-Xl-c EB-u-¥›l-Sr' ]l-Sr-b-Xo.
E$-Xl-Wo hr-Xl-c-bu-žS f-cr-bl-b f-_o-
Iu-jG ]l-dl-cr-e-ˆ-žŒ ža-Kl Ur-Pr-š«
îu-Ur-¥bl. "-er-žS D-cu N-d-Nr-ó-Kl-
er-P-b-d-k²r-bu-žS #-Zp N-d-Nr-ó-Kl-G
ZG'¿-hr-Xl-c-bu-žS `†-Œl-euG h-i-bl- -Œr-ž„t žt-¥|l-Ur-Mo -S-|u-I-bl- ¥I-ˆo ¥^l-Wr« er-jr-No "-`r--xr-N-e†
ór-I-u-al-b ¥Ul. h-Ps-go hl-kp-ž]¶- Wo. ž-°r-Sr-]¶o <-¨r-ždl-Xu-|r # bu-
Su-Œu-~u.-- e-Xr ]l-Sr-Œu-S-Ÿr. hG-er-[l-b-I-uG B-žt. ¥b-fu-Zl-ho, Pr. ¥e-Wu-¥Kl-]l«,
žP.--hr. Ul-r-¥b-dr-ž„t-buG ¥tl- hG-Ks-X-hG-er-[l-b-I-u-ža-d½lG "-cr- ar„-ar-r, Ç-go-W-N-æ„ Xu-S-Ÿr
hr-bu-žS-buG Ps-er-X-Zu-c--Œr-ž„t I-Y Ir«. #-Zp â-a-Œr«-Œ-ž~ A-d½lG
]-t-bu-~ Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo' 1930¿-žd f-
_o-Z-¥dl-I-al-Wo ]l-ˆr« es-ž›-Su-|u-~-
EDl-ž|'. "-c a-Wr-|q-tr-u-¨r« ]l-ˆr-
ž„t žt-¥|l-Ur-Mo ]q†-Œr-bl-br. "- r-c-e-[r ¥]-†
Xo. D-cu ¥^l-Io I½l-hr-|« žžf-dr-bl- `r--x--Ÿ-jl« h†-e-cuG "-e-žj
t^s-|o "-i˜Zo N-æ-¥fJc„ BŸ›rbq† hrXlc Wo Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-UrEž„t hG-Ks-X-Œr- ž]l-Xr-ƒu. Il-×-br-d½l-Œ # Kl-br-
o Xl„ ]r„-Xu-S†-~-žX-~o AG. P-b-N- I hG-Ks-X-al-Iu-~ "-I-|-ül« A- er-P-b-d-k²r-bu-žS #-Zp N-d-Nr-ó- b-d-k²r-žb ¥X-Sr-žb-Œu-I-bl-br-cu-
æ„ ]-t-bu-~u.-- d½lG I-›-tr-ƒu.- Kl-G ¥I-ˆo ¥^l-Wr« er-jr-No "-`r-- ~u. ¥^l-Wr-ž„t a-tu-X-d-À« AG. P-
W-al-b "-`r-r-¥e-f-au-¨ P--X-bl-Wo Dl†-a-br« r«-|u-~u-ž›-~o Dl†- EEžh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Ur« Ir-ˆr-b ]l-ˆo A- žže|G er-P-b-d-k²r-žb-~ Kl-br- xr-N-e† B-žt. Kl--K-‡†-e„ ¥b-fu- b-N-æ„. D-cu Nl--dr« er-P-b-d-k²r-
a-d-bl-jr-Iy. hr-r-a-bu-žS Xu-S-|G au- Œl« al-óG a-Xr A-ó fu-go-I-al-br-ˆu- ž„t Ps-er-X-Œr-žd B-š-euG e-dr-b "- I-bu-žS hG-Ks-X ¥dl-I-¥Œ-|u-¨ I-S- Zl-ho, Pr. ¥e-Wu-¥Kl-]l«, ar„-ar-r, bu-žS ]l-ˆo ¥Iy-|l„ $-S-bl-b-Xr-ž-
X« ]r-~-Wr-]¶l-ˆo -au-ž|l-]¶-au-›o. hv- ›o -˜u-žS ]l-ˆr-ž„t ¥dl-IG A-~u Xr- e-h-c-al-br-cu-~u. Xu-t-~u-]l-Sl-u-¨ "- ~u-e-c-er-o hl-kpG-e-ir-N-Xo auG- Ç-go-W-N-æ„ Xu-S-Ÿr r-c-e-[r ¥]-†.- Œu-S†-~l-Wo P-b-N-æ„ X-ž„t ]l-ˆu-
G “-Z-b-Kl--Ÿ-jl-br a-d-bl-jr A- cr-N-tr-bl„.-- e-h-cG''¿ hr-Xl-c ]l-ˆr-¥l-Su-¨ I-S-]¶l- žž_ g‚-au-Jl--x il-jr-žd h-“-Z- žže-|-Œr--Su-Œo <-Z-b-l-]u-cG ]l-Sl„ "-e-žc Xr-c-žƒ-Su-Œ-Xo.-
~uG N-d-Nr-ó-Kl--Ÿ-žj D-]¶G žIl-›u- I-a-dr-ž„t Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo' ]-d-r- So ¥c-J-ž]¶-Su-Œu-~u.-- b†. N-d-Nr-ó ]r-~-Wr-Kl--cG-K-¥Œ- hv-¥Z-fr-r-bl-Wo er-P-b-d-k²r. <-gl-r- Il-×br-dlÁbu-žS ]-cr-[r-Iy a-tr-I-
- ½- -
-S-~r-ˆu-›o. Dl†-a-Iy lG ¥f-J-cr-Nu- d-ÀuG D-cu e-»r-al-tr-¥]¶l-I-dl-Wo. D-~l-a- Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-UrEžd ]l-ˆu-Iy ¥I-ˆo |u-¨ er-P-b-d-k²r-bu-žS ‹-¥e-f-Œr- d-b-Œr« er. au-c-js-[-c-ž„t-buG ]r.- S-~o $-šdr, hvr-šh†-d„-Uo, er-er-[ Ky-
- o-
že-|u-~-Xu-¥]l-duG $m Kl--Ÿ-jr-dl- Xo "-Xo ]r-~-Wr-]¶l-ˆu-Iy Xu-S-ŸuG-au- $-~-žŒ pq P--¥t-g„ hr-r-a-|l† o hl-kr-I-jl-b-Xo a-d-bl-j N-d-Nr-ó-¿ žI. er-a-d-bu-žS-buG B-I a-I-jl-br P-- ^o cl-Pp-Ÿy A-~r-er-SŸjr-duG er-Pb-
- - -
Wo. A-~l«, hG-Ks-X-b-Ô-hG-er-[l-- œu-¨ hr-r-a-bu-žS `q-X-Il-d-¥Œ-|u- A-~u er-jr-|-ž]¶-Su-~ hG-er-[l-b-I-žc- hG-Ks-X-cG-K-žŒ ‹-au-J† <y-ž]¶-žS- G. "-•--˜-al-cuG "-•-ž„t Nr-š a- d-kr² Kl-bór-es-W¿ hG-Ks-X|¥Ncr-
- - - - -
Ÿy I-¥œl-jG žžI-b-S-|r-b-¥Xl-žS ¨ D-cu a-S-|-bl-ó-bl-Wo. a-d-bl-j hr- d½lG X-ž~ žNl-cr-ƒ "-`r--x--Ÿy bu-¨-e-cuG.- hG-Ks-X-É, Kl-b-óres- ¥l-Ó-Wr-"-˜-buG -d½ Kl-b-I†. žIl- Iy -SŒr. c-›o e†-WŸjuG B-»o
- - -
]l-ˆu-I-ju-žS "-]-N-b-Il-dG Xu-S-Ÿr-žb- r-a-br-žd #-Zp-hG-cG-`-Œr-¥d-|o, hr-r- hG-er-[l-b-I„ I-a« -d½ hG-Ks-XG Xr- Wl-el-Z-I A-~s r-d-I-jr« er-P-b-d- Nu-er-P-b-d-k²r ]r-N-že-No I-b-tr-b-Xo Is†-ŒeuG aq-~o ]-der-buG hv-al-
- - -½ -
~u ]-t-blG. I-¨-žŒl-›-br« D-¥c a-bu-žS al-Xl-er-¥d-|uG ]r-Xl-er-¥d-|u- cr-N-tr-b-ž]¶-Sl-žX ¥]l-Ir-d½ A-~-Xr- k²r au„-¥] ‹-f-h´-bl-Wo. $-¥]¶ly $- hG-Ks-X-Œr-ž„t ¥dl-I-¥Œ-|o.- br c-Nr-Nu . I-YIjr-hG-Ks-XG, "-gS]Zr
- - o- - -
el†-]¶u-al-ò-I ]r„-Xu-S†-~u-¥]l-cu-~ au-¨ Xr-cr-Nu-¥]l-|o. A-l-br-cr-|uG žl-cu <-Zl-i-c-W-al-bl-Wo A-Su-|u-~- e†-|o d-`r-N-Xo N-d-Nr-ó ]r-~-Wr Kl- ]l-c-œ-cp-al-br ]-I†-~u-Ir-ˆr-b hG- A-~r-ebr-duG r-]u-Wbl-Wo.-
- -
]l-ˆu-Iy D-cu “-Z-b-¥Œ-buG N-dr-]¶r-|l- # Il-d-Œr-ž„t $m-WG A-~ #-¥dl- Xo. B-Xl-bl-duG l-S„ $m-W-Ÿy-|o a- br-I-žb-~ ž]l„-Xq-e-duG.- Ks-X-Œr-dq-žS Il-×-br-d½l-Á-bu-žS ]-cr- hv-c-Œr-duG er-c«-Œu-œr-duG hG-
Xl-br. ]l-ˆu-I-N-e-SG-al-óG "-c-Ÿo el- N--X-ž~ hG-er-[l-b-I„ I-a-dr-o D-cu u-gp-“-Z-b-Ÿ-žj h¶†-fr-|l-u-¨ ¥f- er-Pbdkr² #-Zp-al-br ]r-~Wr
- - - - ar-Xr-I-žj a-tr-I-S-~u. žže-|G Nl- Ks-X-eu-al-br er-P-b-d-k²r žžP-ó-bl-ó
Wu.-- že-d½u-er-jr-bl-br-cu-~u. hG-Ks-X-hG-er- gr al-ó-a-d½, ar-u-h-ž]¶-Su-Œl-Œ ]l-ˆr- ]l-Sr-b EIl-¥š Il-¥š s ]q-|l-acŒrdo
-- Œ„-Iu-ˆr ¥Z-es-¥k-ó-Œr-dl-br-cu-~u Xu-S-cu-I-bl-Wo. hG-Ks-X-žŒ -¥h³-ir-
127 hr-r-a-Iy ]u-t-Œu-e-~ 2012¿- [l-b-I„ AG. P-b-N-æ-o I-a« ]-»-b- ž„t Il-d-Œr-o a-c-W-ar-žd½-~uG $m ]l-ˆuG aq-jr e-¥~l.-..- '- A-~ Kl-G hr-r- "-c-¥Ÿ-šG. žže-|G hu-a-Ss-N†, al- |u-~-e-cu-žS a--h·r-¥d-|o "-a¼-X-e†-
žd A-ó ]l-ˆu-Iy 2013 ^r-{-e-cr-br« Il-d-žŒ Xr-cr-Nu-]r-Sr-|l„ h-œq†-W ]l-ˆu-Iy Dl†-a-ž]¶-Su-Œu-~u.-- a ]u-tŒr-tŸu-~Xr-u au„-¥] ir-šl-
- - - ¥e-dr-|-c ž]l-~-˜ly, ž-Su-a-Ÿl-So gr-Wr-bl-br.-.-.
¥h¶l†-Soho Nr-ó-buG "-^o-h-duG Dl-Su-~-Xl-†-|u-¥e-›r?
žŒ žK-brG-hr-o ]-Sr-el-Xr«- el†-Uo er-]½-e-Œr-o Xu-S-|-ar-ˆ …l„ Eal-ò-`q-ar' au-¥J- I-°r-¥|l-So ep-e-hl-b ¥I-
|« r«-|u-~ ¥I-c-jG A-er-žS- au„ au-Jp-a-Ôr žI. I-cu-Wl-I-c- æG $-cu-e†-|uG 12000 cq-]-es-XG -do-Ir-b-Xu-žIl-›o
DjrG]p„ bu-ža-Œr-br-d½. e-j-cu-~ Il-br-I-
Xl-c-Ÿ-jl-I-žˆ d-kpG-Il-Wl-žX
ž $-er-žS a-t-|u-~r-d½)
hl-œ-Œr-I ]-cl-[s--X-I-ju-
"-e† c-k-ž]¶-ˆu)
ža-U-du-Iy ¥-Sl„ Nr-ó-buG "-^o-h-duG žža-
"-d-bu-~u. A-er-žS-bl-Wo -˜u- ¨ Iu-SuG-_-Œr«-r-~u e-cu-~ Xl--Œo $-ó-¥b-žt "-Švl-r-¥|-›r e-~r-ˆu-›l-er-
aq- ~u Z-fl-}-Ÿy-|-]¶u-
t-Œo B-š-eu-žal-Su-er«
$-p-br« -S-~ B-
gp„ žK-brG-hr« ža-
U« ¥-Su-~ Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿy-
žS Iu-»-]¶G?
a-šu hG-zl--Ÿ-žj "-¥]-
kr-No Il-go "-el†-Uu-I-j-S-|-au-
¨ "†-i-al-b ¥‹l-öl-i-G -
do-Iu-~-Xr« ¥I-c-jG B-žt ]r-~r-
]r.--bu. Nr-ó-buG au-i-˜-Zo "-^o-h-
duG l-¥l Il† Ir-ˆr-b-Xu au-X«
"-r-§r-X-Xv-Œr-ž„t X-S-er-dl-
Wo. ]l-»o-h« h†-es-ho e-»r Il-tu-
Iy ]l-d-|l-žˆ-Œr-|l„ ]-Xr-
d½. al--hr-I-hG-L†-g-euG r-h·-il-b-X-buG ¥e-žt-
buG. "-¥]¶l-»uG l-»r-I-Àu l-d¶-Xu e-ˆG ¥h¶l†-So-ho er-
I-h--žŒ-]¶-šr el-¥Xl-cl-žX hG-hl-cr-|u-~-e-cu-žS
fu-]l†-fl el-àl--euG r-¥e-Z- h-a†-]¶-W-eu-ža-d½lG
$-er-Su-žŒ Il-br-I-¥‹-ar-Iy-|o au-»u-e„ l-W-¥|-
¥^l-¥ˆl: _r. au-c-js-Ç-goW„
|o-¿ hv†-W-Œr-o D-cu d-k-euG dl-Wo. i-cr-bl--buG ]-°l-_uG a- ž-ül-br-cG cq-]-es-XG ¥e-WG. $- Sl-Wo. Il-br-I-cG-K-Œo hG-zl--Œr-u ¥e-›r ¥-ˆ-
že-¨r-|o "-c-d-k-euG Dl-Sr-o il-cl-go-Ñ-buG #-é-bu-ža-d½lG X- šl-e-br-žd žh„to-¥a-cs-ho žh-ar- Ÿy žžI-e-cr-|u-~ e-j-cu-~ Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿy-|o
Il« d-k-euG Il-go "-el†-Uu- Ÿ-ju-žS e-j-cu-~ Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿ- l-cr -do-Ir-b 25000 cq-] I-»r- "-u-`l-e-]q†-W-al-b ]-cr-K-W- Ir-ˆl„ D-cu zr-cG
Iy ‹-Jpl-]r-No a-šu hG-zl--Ÿ- žj er.--er.--žA.--]r.--I-jl-br ]-cr-K- Nl« cq-] ]r-ž~-buG ¥e-WG. "- hG-er-[l--žŒ-|u-tr-No A-u-žIl-›o #-¥dl-Nr-Nu-
žj-žb-d½lG žR-ˆr-N ¥I-c-jG $- Wr-|u-¥œly ¥I-c-j-Xl-c-Ÿy žX-Ÿ-ž-žbl-ž|-¥bl hv-cq-]r- Iq-Sl? $-žd½-£r« Nr-ó-bu-žS-buG "-^o-h-dr-ž„t-buG
ž~-er-žS r-€u-~u? "-[r-Il-c- "-[H-Ç-X† X-ž~. "†-ir-|u-~ No Il-tu-Iy ]l-d-|l-žˆ-Œr-b- "-u-`-eG $-er-žS $-r-bu-al-e†-Œr-|uG. D-cu X-d-au-t-
Œr« e-cu-~ h†-|l-tu-Iy $-S- ¥‹l-öl-i--Ÿy d-`r-|u-~r-d½. ¥]¶ly ¥tl-Uo r-Iu-Xr 12000 cq-] ¥bl-So žN-…u-~ žIl-SuG-Æq-c-X-bl-WXo.
Xl-bl-duG e-d-Xl-bl-duG ¥h¶l†-So- ‹-Jpl-]r-N Il-go "-el†-Uu-I-juG es-XG ¥e-žt-buG. h-˜l- r-Iu-Xr
ho er-I-h-G ‹-Jpl-]--Ÿ-jr-ždl- a-šuG Ir-ˆl„-X-ž~ žže-Iu-~u. ]- -do-¥I-›r-e-cu-ža-~ `s-Xr-buG r-d-
Xu-Ÿu-~u. žža-Xl--Œr-ž„t l- d-XuG Iu-Sr-r-I-bl-br al-h-Ÿy r-€u-~u. $-žXl-»r-el-|u-~-Xr-o h-U„-U-Œo: "--[r-Ç-X Sq†-W-ža„tr« I-jr-
d-b-d-Œo ¥]l-duG "-Su-]¶r-|l-l- žI-ˆr-|r-S-|u-~u. Il-br-I er-I-h- $-šl-e-br« -S-~ ¥Z-fs-b h¦qy "-Xo-d-šr-I·r« ep-¹r-K-X Nl-œp-Ól-cl-b K-Xl-K-X a-Ôr-|o r-¥e-Z-G h-a†- Nl« -S-]-Sr-¿ žI.--A-^o.-A.
el-Œ er-e-c-¥Zl-gr-I-jl-b -Œr-u-¨ h†-|l† Ül„to -do- ]r.-bu. Nr-ó-žb-buG au-i-˜-Zo "-^o-h-dr-ž-buG h-˜l--al-br Ir-ˆr-b ]¶r-|l„ D-cu-Ÿr-r-~-¥]¶ly $- ¥]-Sr-]¶r-|-cu-Xo. ž-”u ho-¥š-Ur-b-Œr«
¥h¶l†-So-ho a-Ôr-al-cu-žS ž]l-¨- Ir Ps-e--|l†-|o f-œ-jG -do- l-¥l Il-tr-u au-I-jr-¥d-|o ]-cr-fs-d-I† I-b-šu-~u |l-cpG "-[r-Ç-X-cu-al-br hG-hl-cr- h-¥l-g¥Ñl-^r I-jr-|l„ #-ju Xr-Ibl-žX e-cuG!
o- -
bl-b ‹-Jpl-]--Ÿy-|r-S-br« a- Il„ X-ž~ ]l-Su-ž]-Su-~ ¥h¶l†-So- |l-ža-~o ¥I-c-jl ¥h¶l†-So-ho vrgpal@gmail.com
tu-l-S„ hG-zl--Ÿy B-žt-Zq- ho Im‚-hr-žd-~ Eže-¨l-' Im‚-hr« ‹-hr-U„to ]-t-ƒr-
cG ¥]l-br-|-»r-ƒu. D-žcl-š ¥Z- ¥h¶l†-So-hr-u al-ó-a-d½ hG-zl-- e-j-cu-~ Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿ-žj ža-U« ¥P-Xl-|y-|-d½ ¥Z-fs-b cu-~u-¥]l-duG! $-er-Su-žŒ ¥h¶l†-
fs-b žK-brG-hr-o #-Xr-¥Y-b-XvG Œr-u X-ž~ `l-c-al-Wo. Il-SuG hr- A-Ÿ-ž ¥‹l-öl-ir-]¶r-|l-ža- h¦qy žK-brG-ho ep-¹r-K-X ¥P-Xl- So-ho er-I-h--Œr-ž„t Nr-óG a--
e-ir-Nu-žIl-›o- a-Wr-]¶u-cuG ¥Kl- r-a-bu-ža-d½lG I-»r-ƒo ¥h¶l†-So-ho ~o au-dl-bG-hr-Ÿr-ž„t <-Œ†-‹- |y-|l-Wo 1.--85 d-kG cq-] er-d- h·r-dl-|l„ $-Xo a-Xr-bl-euG. hG-
il-ˆr-buG tl-°r-bu-ža-d½lG $„- a-Ôl-d-b-Œr-o h-a-b-eu-ar-d½. "- ¥Z-fr« ¥]l-br ¥I-c-jG ]Tr-|-W- bu-¨ l-¥l-Il† h-˜l-r-N-žX- zl- h†-|l-tuG ¥h¶l†-So-ho
‘l-ho-Ñ-Io-N-tu-I-ju-žS Il-cp-Œr« žd½-£r« "-ó-žbl-ž| a-Xr-žb- ža-~u ¥Xl-~u-~u. $-er-žS D-jr-œr- ~o $-er-žS Dl†-|u-I. ($-p-br« Im‚-hr-du-ža-d½lG D-¥c Xq-e«
Iu-Xr-Nu Nl-Sr-b-¥]¶ly c-›l-a- ~ a-¥l-`l-e-eu-al-IlG. Io-¿-B-gpl-Uo-¿-¥Il-a‚-že«-Œo Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿy-|u-¨ Il-go "- ]-kr-Iy. (Il† c-Pr-ho-š† žN-](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/celluloid-130227054356-phpapp01/75/Celluloid-1-2048.jpg)
Celluloid
- 1. ¥h¶l†-Soho 2013 ^n{_hcn 17 Rmb¿ abcde ar-u-h-ž]¶-Su-Œl-Œ Kl-b-ór-es-W-br« žXl-ˆo ]l-ˆr-ž„t Il-dG es-›uG aq-jr-e-~ Il-šo.-.-.- I-¨-žŒl-›-Iy-žIl-›u-¨ ]l-ˆu-I-ju-žS ‹-j-b-Œr-r-S-br« ¥^l-¥ˆl: Iuƒ-N„ žže|G žN-Œr-ar-u-|l-Œ ]l-ˆr-ž„t f-_o-Z-hm-Iu-al-cpG Xr-cr-Nu ]r-Sr-|u-~u Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo' hvl-X-Ôp-al-Wo «-Ir-b-Xo. D-cu r-_- ‡--al-óG-¿-]-»-b Il-d-¥Œl-So ]q†-W- al-buG s-Xr ]u-d†-Œ-WG. A-~l«, B- š-euG ]u-Xr-b X-d-au-t aq-jr--S-|u-I-buG ¥e-WG.-- D-š ¥l-ˆ-Œr« ]-c-h¶-c-er-cu-Š-ža- ~u ¥Xl-~r-|u-~ I-a-dr-ž„t $m Iu-tr- ]¶-Sr-br«-r-~l-Wo Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo- UrEž„t $m-W-Ÿ-juG ]l-ˆu-Il-cuG ]l- ˆuG ]r-t-~-žX-~o AG. P-b-N-æ„ hl- žže-|G er-P-b-d-k²r kp-ž]¶-Su-Œu-~u. žI.--]r.--A.--hr. hu- ¥dl-N--bu-žS-buG ]r. ds-d-bu-žS-buG I- er-bq† ¥c-e-˜-bu-žS-buG AG.--A-ho. hu- _-d-k²r-bu-žS-bu-žal-ž| ]l-ˆu-I-ju-žS Dl†-a ¥e-WG A-~u I-a« "-`r-‹l-b- ž]¶-ˆr-cu-~u. # "-`r-‹l-b-žŒ ]r„-Xu- S†-~l-Wo P-b-N-æ„ Pr. âs-tl-ar-ž-buG žže-|G er-P-b-d-k²r-žb-buG hr-Xl-c- žb-buG es-›uG I-ž›-Œu-~-Xo.- $-~o Iu-ˆr-f-_o-Z-al-Wo r-t-žb. ðs- f-_o-ZG ¥Iy-|l-¥ $-d½. ]-»-b ]l-ˆu-I- jr« lG ¥Iy-|u-~-Xo ðs-f-_o-Z-al-Wo. "-Xr-d-e-cu-žS ]-Iv-X-bu-au-›o-¿-I-a« ]- AG.--P-b-N-æ„, žže-|G er-P-b-d-k²r, I-a-«, Pr. âs-tlG t-bu-~u. "-S-|r ]l-Su-~-Xr-u ]-I-cG Xu- t-~u-]l-Su-~ cs-Xr-bl-Wo ]-»-b ]l-ˆu-I-ju- žS ‹-¥Xp-I-X. žža-|r-d½l-Œ Il-d-Œr- br-|»r-ƒu. bq-Spq-_r-dq-žS-buG a-šuG D- - fr-el--x„ Xu-S-Ÿr-b-e† Ku-cu-|-Ól- ž„t žžf-dr-Iq-Sr-bl-Wo "-Xo. žXl-› ¥ˆ-žt ¥]-cl-Wo $-Xo es-kr-|u-~Xo.- - cl-br. #-tlG e-b-h·r« ¥b-fu-Zl-hr- ¥‹G-N-xo Xu-t-~u ]l-Su-¥œly ¥Iy-|u-~-Xo ]l-ˆu AG.-A-ho.¥Kl-]-Iu-al† a-d-bl-j hr-r-a-bu-žS ]r-Xl-el-b ž I-›o Z-kr-W h-a†-]¶r-Nu.- al-ó-a-d½ “-Z-b-euG Iq-Sr-bl-Wo. žže-|G žP.-hr. Ul-r-¥b-dr-ž„t Ps-er-X-I-Y Iu-ˆr-|l-d-Œo Ir-ˆr-b I-jr-]¶l-ˆ- ]l -ˆu-I-ju-žS ‹-j-bG X-ž~-bu- ›l-Iu-~u-›o Dl-¥cl e†-g- euG. ]-d ]l-ˆu-I-juG lG ¥Iy-|u-~u-¥]l-du-ar-d½. ]l-ˆu-Iy-|o al- ó-au-¨ Nl--du-I-juG A-^o.-AG. r-d-b- Ÿ-juG A-d½l-au-›l-br-ˆuG $-~uG ]-»-b Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Ur'žd ]l-ˆu-Iy ¥I-ˆo pq P--¥t-g„ hr-r-a-|l† A-~u er-jr-|-ž]¶-Su-~ hG-er-[l-b-I-† er-P-b-d-k²r-buG Pr. âs-tl-auG -˜u-žS ž]l-bo-¥]¶l-b Il-d-Œr-ž„t al-[u-cpG Xr- cr-Nu-žIl-›u-e-cl„ žI-d¶u-¨-e† Iq-Sr- bl-žW-~o AG. P-b-N-æ„ Nq-›r-|l-ˆu- ~u.-- EIl-¥š Il-¥š s ]q-|l-a-c-Œr-do Il «-q-šl-›o au„-]o auG-žž_- br-žd D-cu hl-bl-¡G. g- ýu-Jl--x il-jr« r-t- ƒ h-Z-h·r« a-d-bl-jr-bl-b B-»u e- b-h·u-Il-cr hG-Ks-X-|-¥N-cr -S-Œu-I- ]-t-bu-~ Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo' A-~ N-d- Nr-ó-Œr-¥d-Xl-Wo $m a-[u-c Kl-G. er- P-b-d-k²r-buG Pr. âs-tl-auG ¥N†-~l-Wo #-d-]r-N-Xo.- er-P-b-d-k²r-|o Ps-er-X-ža-~l« hG-Ks-XG X-ž~. a-[u-c-al-b ]l-ˆr-ž„t es-W-br« ]l-ˆo el-br-|l„ ]Tr-Nu er-P-b-d-k²r. $-Xu I-›o "-•„ au-c-jr- bl-Wo D-š-|-œr-es-W r†-ar-Nu «-Ir- b-Xo. ]r-~s-So "-Xr-dl-br el-Z-G. er-P-b-d-k²r-bu-žS D-š-|-œr es-W-Ào Kl-b-óres-W-žb-~ ¥]-co «-Ir-b-Xo #-Il-f-el-Wr-|l-d-žŒ ]-»-b ]l-ˆu-I- ¥jl-Sl-Wo pq P--¥t-g„-Il†-|u-¥]l- žNl-cr-ƒ "-`r--x--Ÿy, ]l-ˆuG aq-jr e-¥~l' A-~ t-^s-|o "-i- ˜-Zo A-»u-Xr-b ]l-ˆl-Wo Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo- bl-Wo. h-Z-hp† # Kl--KG-K-br« # _l-dr-I-¥bl-žSl-]¶G h-°-cr-|u-~u. D- ]l-Sl„ a-t-~ ]-d½-er-¥]l-žd, $m-fv- c„ "-e-ju-žS Ps-er-X-Œr-o Il-× «- Iu-~-|u-Sr žže-Zp-l-Y-l-Wo. Kl-b- óres-W-br« er-P-b-d-k²r I-¥N-cr duG ‹r-bG. <-¨r« X-ˆl-Œ, I-¨-žŒl- hG-er-[l-b-I„ I-a« Ur'« žže-|G er-P-b-d-k²r-buG Pr. ~-c a-Wr-|q† s-› I-¥N-cr-|o aG-K-jG Ir-br-d½. ]-¥k, a-¥l-i-c-al-b f-_o-Z- -S-Œl„ Xu-S-Ÿr-br-ˆo 18 e†-gG ›-Iy-žIl-›o ]l-Sr-r-t-Àu-~, hG-Ks-X- -d½ hG-Ks-XG âs-tl-auG ¥N†-~u ]l-Sr-b-Xo. EB-u- ¥›l-Ss "-œr-jr-N-G' A-~ ]l-ˆo a-d- ]l-Sr-|-»r-ƒ-¥]¶ly # ]l-el-S-|l-cr- |o h-Z-h·r«-r-~o "-`r--x--Œr-ž„t euG “-Z-b-Œr« hG-Ks-X-euG ]-I-c-al- ]r-~r-Su-~u.- b-Ô-Ÿ-ju-žS a-[p-z-X-br« ]q-|u-~ Xr-cr-N-tr-b-ž]¶-Sl-žX ¥]l-Ir-d½ br žIl-Su-Œu.- h¦qy-X-dG au-X« I-¥dl-ö-e-Ÿ- ]l-ˆu-Iy D-cu Il-Xr-duG "-d-žbl-dr-Iy bl-j hr-r-a-br-žd l-S„-]l-ˆr-ž„t - I-c-¥Ll-gG. ž]l-Xu-¥e-Zr-br-žd "-e- cl-K-Ÿy Nr-t-I-Sr-No <-b-cu-¥œly jr« ]-ž£-Su-Œo fl-ðs-b hG-Ks-X- ì-go-Sr-|l-žX Il-h-šo Iq--I-jr« D-Su- A-~-Xr-žl-cu e-X-cG-KG Xs†-Œ N-æ-¥f-J-c„ B-Ÿ- ju-žS #-Zp I-¥N-cr-bl-br-cu-~u "-Xo. "-Xr-dq-žS er-P-b-d-k²r ¥dl-I-žŒ Œr« h-˜l--Ÿy el-cr-|q-ˆr. r-c-e- Ÿu-~u. $-er-žS-bl-Wo I-a-dr-ž„t, AG.-- <-Zl-i-c-W-al-bl-Wo ›r-bq-cr-ž„t c-N--br« hr-Xl-c-bl- ž-°r-Sr-¥]¶l-žS ¥e-Zr-br« I-b-tr-b Il-Wu-~u. EKl-b-ór-es-WEžb-~ D-š-|- [r "-el†-Uu-I-juG d-`r-Nu, $m N-cr-ó P-b-N-æ-ž„t Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo' D-cu Xr- Wo ]l-Sr-b-Xo. hr-Xl-c-žb-ž|l-›o ]l- ž]‚-Iu-ˆr-|o h-Z-h·r-ž„t ¥‹l-öl- œr-es-W-br« er-c-¥dl-Sr-|u-¥œly <- _r-cu-Z-[l-cr-|o.- cu-Œl-buG N-cr-ó-al-buG al-tu-~-Xo.- A-Su-|u-~-Xo ˆu ]l-Sr-N-Xr-u-¥f-g-al-Wo P-b-N-æ„ i--Œr« a-G-r-t-ƒu. #-hvl-Z-I- Xr-cu-~ l-Z-{--Œr-dq-žS "-ey Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-UrE« ]l-Sl-u-¨ N-d-Nr-ó-Kl--Ÿ-¥jl-So "-hl-[l-c- "-Xl-cl-žW-~u ]-t-bl-žX I-a-dr-ž cu-žS "-u-¥al-Z-l-c-eG "-ey ¥I-ˆ-tr- ¥dl-I-žŒ "-tr-bu-~u "-e-h-cG ¥^l‚ h-¥x-f-al-br er-P- ¥Iy-]¶r-N-Xo. ]l-Sr-b-Xo hr-Xl-c-bl-žW- ƒu; Il-c-WG I-›-tr-bl„ "-ey-|o ~u-¥]l-duG I-a-dr-u a--h·r-dl-br-d½. Il-×-br-d½l-br-cu-~u.- "-ó-buG ep-Xp-h´-al-b D-cu žžf-dr-br- c-›-c ]-Xr-šl-›r-r-]¶u-tG A-t-Wl- dl-Wo hr-Xl-c EB-u-¥›l-Sr' ]l-Sr-b-Xo. E$-Xl-Wo hr-Xl-c-bu-žS f-cr-bl-b f-_o- Iu-jG ]l-dl-cr-e-ˆ-žŒ ža-Kl Ur-Pr-š« îu-Ur-¥bl. "-er-žS D-cu N-d-Nr-ó-Kl- er-P-b-d-k²r-bu-žS #-Zp N-d-Nr-ó-Kl-G ZG'¿-hr-Xl-c-bu-žS `†-Œl-euG h-i-bl- -Œr-ž„t žt-¥|l-Ur-Mo -S-|u-I-bl- ¥I-ˆo ¥^l-Wr« er-jr-No "-`r--xr-N-e† ór-I-u-al-b ¥Ul. h-Ps-go hl-kp-ž]¶- Wo. ž-°r-Sr-]¶o <-¨r-ždl-Xu-|r # bu- Su-Œu-~u.-- e-Xr ]l-Sr-Œu-S-Ÿr. hG-er-[l-b-I-uG B-žt. ¥b-fu-Zl-ho, Pr. ¥e-Wu-¥Kl-]l«, žP.--hr. Ul-r-¥b-dr-ž„t-buG ¥tl- hG-Ks-X-hG-er-[l-b-I-u-ža-d½lG "-cr- ar„-ar-r, Ç-go-W-N-æ„ Xu-S-Ÿr hr-bu-žS-buG Ps-er-X-Zu-c--Œr-ž„t I-Y Ir«. #-Zp â-a-Œr«-Œ-ž~ A-d½lG ]-t-bu-~ Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo' 1930¿-žd f- _o-Z-¥dl-I-al-Wo ]l-ˆr« es-ž›-Su-|u-~- EDl-ž|'. "-c a-Wr-|q-tr-u-¨r« ]l-ˆr- ž„t žt-¥|l-Ur-Mo ]q†-Œr-bl-br. "- r-c-e-[r ¥]-† Xo. D-cu ¥^l-Io I½l-hr-|« žžf-dr-bl- `r--x--Ÿ-jl« h†-e-cuG "-e-žj t^s-|o "-i˜Zo N-æ-¥fJc„ BŸ›rbq† hrXlc Wo Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-UrEž„t hG-Ks-X-Œr- ž]l-Xr-ƒu. Il-×-br-d½l-Œ # Kl-br- o Xl„ ]r„-Xu-S†-~-žX-~o AG. P-b-N- I hG-Ks-X-al-Iu-~ "-I-|-ül« A- er-P-b-d-k²r-bu-žS #-Zp N-d-Nr-ó- b-d-k²r-žb ¥X-Sr-žb-Œu-I-bl-br-cu- æ„ ]-t-bu-~u.-- d½lG I-›-tr-ƒu.- Kl-G ¥I-ˆo ¥^l-Wr« er-jr-No "-`r-- ~u. ¥^l-Wr-ž„t a-tu-X-d-À« AG. P- W-al-b "-`r-r-¥e-f-au-¨ P--X-bl-Wo Dl†-a-br« r«-|u-~u-ž›-~o Dl†- EEžh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Ur« Ir-ˆr-b ]l-ˆo A- žže|G er-P-b-d-k²r-žb-~ Kl-br- xr-N-e† B-žt. Kl--K-‡†-e„ ¥b-fu- b-N-æ„. D-cu Nl--dr« er-P-b-d-k²r- a-d-bl-jr-Iy. hr-r-a-bu-žS Xu-S-|G au- Œl« al-óG a-Xr A-ó fu-go-I-al-br-ˆu- ž„t Ps-er-X-Œr-žd B-š-euG e-dr-b "- I-bu-žS hG-Ks-X ¥dl-I-¥Œ-|u-¨ I-S- Zl-ho, Pr. ¥e-Wu-¥Kl-]l«, ar„-ar-r, bu-žS ]l-ˆo ¥Iy-|l„ $-S-bl-b-Xr-ž- X« ]r-~-Wr-]¶l-ˆo -au-ž|l-]¶-au-›o. hv- ›o -˜u-žS ]l-ˆr-ž„t ¥dl-IG A-~u Xr- e-h-c-al-br-cu-~u. Xu-t-~u-]l-Sl-u-¨ "- ~u-e-c-er-o hl-kpG-e-ir-N-Xo auG- Ç-go-W-N-æ„ Xu-S-Ÿr r-c-e-[r ¥]-†.- Œu-S†-~l-Wo P-b-N-æ„ X-ž„t ]l-ˆu- G “-Z-b-Kl--Ÿ-jl-br a-d-bl-jr A- cr-N-tr-bl„.-- e-h-cG''¿ hr-Xl-c ]l-ˆr-¥l-Su-¨ I-S-]¶l- žž_ g‚-au-Jl--x il-jr-žd h-“-Z- žže-|-Œr--Su-Œo <-Z-b-l-]u-cG ]l-Sl„ "-e-žc Xr-c-žƒ-Su-Œ-Xo.- ~uG N-d-Nr-ó-Kl--Ÿ-žj D-]¶G žIl-›u- I-a-dr-ž„t Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-Uo' ]-d-r- So ¥c-J-ž]¶-Su-Œu-~u.-- b†. N-d-Nr-ó ]r-~-Wr-Kl--cG-K-¥Œ- hv-¥Z-fr-r-bl-Wo er-P-b-d-k²r. <-gl-r- Il-×br-dlÁbu-žS ]-cr-[r-Iy a-tr-I- - ½- - -S-~r-ˆu-›o. Dl†-a-Iy lG ¥f-J-cr-Nu- d-ÀuG D-cu e-»r-al-tr-¥]¶l-I-dl-Wo. D-~l-a- Ežh-d½u-¥dl-bo-UrEžd ]l-ˆu-Iy ¥I-ˆo |u-¨ er-P-b-d-k²r-bu-žS ‹-¥e-f-Œr- d-b-Œr« er. au-c-js-[-c-ž„t-buG ]r.- S-~o $-šdr, hvr-šh†-d„-Uo, er-er-[ Ky- - o- že-|u-~-Xu-¥]l-duG $m Kl--Ÿ-jr-dl- Xo "-Xo ]r-~-Wr-]¶l-ˆu-Iy Xu-S-ŸuG-au- $-~-žŒ pq P--¥t-g„ hr-r-a-|l† o hl-kr-I-jl-b-Xo a-d-bl-j N-d-Nr-ó-¿ žI. er-a-d-bu-žS-buG B-I a-I-jl-br P-- ^o cl-Pp-Ÿy A-~r-er-SŸjr-duG er-Pb- - - - Wo. A-~l«, hG-Ks-X-b-Ô-hG-er-[l-- œu-¨ hr-r-a-bu-žS `q-X-Il-d-¥Œ-|u- A-~u er-jr-|-ž]¶-Su-~ hG-er-[l-b-I-žc- hG-Ks-X-cG-K-žŒ ‹-au-J† <y-ž]¶-žS- G. "-•--˜-al-cuG "-•-ž„t Nr-š a- d-kr² Kl-bór-es-W¿ hG-Ks-X|¥Ncr- - - - - - Ÿy I-¥œl-jG žžI-b-S-|r-b-¥Xl-žS ¨ D-cu a-S-|-bl-ó-bl-Wo. a-d-bl-j hr- d½lG X-ž~ žNl-cr-ƒ "-`r--x--Ÿy bu-¨-e-cuG.- hG-Ks-X-É, Kl-b-óres- ¥l-Ó-Wr-"-˜-buG -d½ Kl-b-I†. žIl- Iy -SŒr. c-›o e†-WŸjuG B-»o - - - ]l-ˆu-I-ju-žS "-]-N-b-Il-dG Xu-S-Ÿr-žb- r-a-br-žd #-Zp-hG-cG-`-Œr-¥d-|o, hr-r- hG-er-[l-b-I„ I-a« -d½ hG-Ks-XG Xr- Wl-el-Z-I A-~s r-d-I-jr« er-P-b-d- Nu-er-P-b-d-k²r ]r-N-že-No I-b-tr-b-Xo Is†-ŒeuG aq-~o ]-der-buG hv-al- - - -½ - ~u ]-t-blG. I-¨-žŒl-›-br« D-¥c a-bu-žS al-Xl-er-¥d-|uG ]r-Xl-er-¥d-|u- cr-N-tr-b-ž]¶-Sl-žX ¥]l-Ir-d½ A-~-Xr- k²r au„-¥] ‹-f-h´-bl-Wo. $-¥]¶ly $- hG-Ks-X-Œr-ž„t ¥dl-I-¥Œ-|o.- br c-Nr-Nu . I-YIjr-hG-Ks-XG, "-gS]Zr - - o- - - el†-]¶u-al-ò-I ]r„-Xu-S†-~u-¥]l-cu-~ au-¨ Xr-cr-Nu-¥]l-|o. A-l-br-cr-|uG žl-cu <-Zl-i-c-W-al-bl-Wo A-Su-|u-~- e†-|o d-`r-N-Xo N-d-Nr-ó ]r-~-Wr Kl- ]l-c-œ-cp-al-br ]-I†-~u-Ir-ˆr-b hG- A-~r-ebr-duG r-]u-Wbl-Wo.- - - ]l-ˆu-Iy D-cu “-Z-b-¥Œ-buG N-dr-]¶r-|l- # Il-d-Œr-ž„t $m-WG A-~ #-¥dl- Xo. B-Xl-bl-duG l-S„ $m-W-Ÿy-|o a- br-I-žb-~ ž]l„-Xq-e-duG.- Ks-X-Œr-dq-žS Il-×-br-d½l-Á-bu-žS ]-cr- hv-c-Œr-duG er-c«-Œu-œr-duG hG- Xl-br. ]l-ˆu-I-N-e-SG-al-óG "-c-Ÿo el- N--X-ž~ hG-er-[l-b-I„ I-a-dr-o D-cu u-gp-“-Z-b-Ÿ-žj h¶†-fr-|l-u-¨ ¥f- er-Pbdkr² #-Zp-al-br ]r-~Wr - - - - ar-Xr-I-žj a-tr-I-S-~u. žže-|G Nl- Ks-X-eu-al-br er-P-b-d-k²r žžP-ó-bl-ó Wu.-- že-d½u-er-jr-bl-br-cu-~u. hG-Ks-X-hG-er- gr al-ó-a-d½, ar-u-h-ž]¶-Su-Œl-Œ ]l-ˆr- ]l-Sr-b EIl-¥š Il-¥š s ]q-|l-acŒrdo -- Œ„-Iu-ˆr ¥Z-es-¥k-ó-Œr-dl-br-cu-~u Xu-S-cu-I-bl-Wo. hG-Ks-X-žŒ -¥h³-ir- 127 hr-r-a-Iy ]u-t-Œu-e-~ 2012¿- [l-b-I„ AG. P-b-N-æ-o I-a« ]-»-b- ž„t Il-d-Œr-o a-c-W-ar-žd½-~uG $m ]l-ˆuG aq-jr e-¥~l.-..- '- A-~ Kl-G hr-r- "-c-¥Ÿ-šG. žže-|G hu-a-Ss-N†, al- |u-~-e-cu-žS a--h·r-¥d-|o "-a¼-X-e†- žd A-ó ]l-ˆu-Iy 2013 ^r-{-e-cr-br« Il-d-žŒ Xr-cr-Nu-]r-Sr-|l„ h-œq†-W ]l-ˆu-Iy Dl†-a-ž]¶-Su-Œu-~u.-- a ]u-tŒr-tŸu-~Xr-u au„-¥] ir-šl- - - - ¥e-dr-|-c ž]l-~-˜ly, ž-Su-a-Ÿl-So gr-Wr-bl-br.-.-. ¥h¶l†-Soho Nr-ó-buG "-^o-h-duG Dl-Su-~-Xl-†-|u-¥e-›r? žŒ žK-brG-hr-o ]-Sr-el-Xr«- el†-Uo er-]½-e-Œr-o Xu-S-|-ar-ˆ …l„ Eal-ò-`q-ar' au-¥J- I-°r-¥|l-So ep-e-hl-b ¥I- |« r«-|u-~ ¥I-c-jG A-er-žS- au„ au-Jp-a-Ôr žI. I-cu-Wl-I-c- æG $-cu-e†-|uG 12000 cq-]-es-XG -do-Ir-b-Xu-žIl-›o DjrG]p„ bu-ža-Œr-br-d½. e-j-cu-~ Il-br-I- Xl-c-Ÿ-jl-I-žˆ d-kpG-Il-Wl-žX ž $-er-žS a-t-|u-~r-d½) hl-œ-Œr-I ]-cl-[s--X-I-ju- "-e† c-k-ž]¶-ˆu) ža-U-du-Iy ¥-Sl„ Nr-ó-buG "-^o-h-duG žža- "-d-bu-~u. A-er-žS-bl-Wo -˜u- ¨ Iu-SuG-_-Œr«-r-~u e-cu-~ Xl--Œo $-ó-¥b-žt "-Švl-r-¥|-›r e-~r-ˆu-›l-er- aq- ~u Z-fl-}-Ÿy-|-]¶u- t-Œo B-š-eu-žal-Su-er« $-p-br« -S-~ B- gp„ žK-brG-hr« ža- U« ¥-Su-~ Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿy- žS Iu-»-]¶G? a-šu hG-zl--Ÿ-žj "-¥]- kr-No Il-go "-el†-Uu-I-j-S-|-au- ¨ "†-i-al-b ¥‹l-öl-i-G - do-Iu-~-Xr« ¥I-c-jG B-žt ]r-~r- ]r.--bu. Nr-ó-buG au-i-˜-Zo "-^o-h- duG l-¥l Il† Ir-ˆr-b-Xu au-X« "-r-§r-X-Xv-Œr-ž„t X-S-er-dl- Wo. ]l-»o-h« h†-es-ho e-»r Il-tu- Iy ]l-d-|l-žˆ-Œr-|l„ ]-Xr- d½. al--hr-I-hG-L†-g-euG r-h·-il-b-X-buG ¥e-žt- buG. "-¥]¶l-»uG l-»r-I-Àu l-d¶-Xu e-ˆG ¥h¶l†-So-ho er- I-h--žŒ-]¶-šr el-¥Xl-cl-žX hG-hl-cr-|u-~-e-cu-žS fu-]l†-fl el-àl--euG r-¥e-Z- h-a†-]¶-W-eu-ža-d½lG $-er-Su-žŒ Il-br-I-¥‹-ar-Iy-|o au-»u-e„ l-W-¥|- ¥^l-¥ˆl: _r. au-c-js-Ç-goW„ |o-¿ hv†-W-Œr-o D-cu d-k-euG dl-Wo. i-cr-bl--buG ]-°l-_uG a- ž-ül-br-cG cq-]-es-XG ¥e-WG. $- Sl-Wo. Il-br-I-cG-K-Œo hG-zl--Œr-u ¥e-›r ¥-ˆ- že-¨r-|o "-c-d-k-euG Dl-Sr-o il-cl-go-Ñ-buG #-é-bu-ža-d½lG X- šl-e-br-žd žh„to-¥a-cs-ho žh-ar- Ÿy žžI-e-cr-|u-~ e-j-cu-~ Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿy-|o Il« d-k-euG Il-go "-el†-Uu- Ÿ-ju-žS e-j-cu-~ Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿ- l-cr -do-Ir-b 25000 cq-] I-»r- "-u-`l-e-]q†-W-al-b ]-cr-K-W- Ir-ˆl„ D-cu zr-cG Iy ‹-Jpl-]r-No a-šu hG-zl--Ÿ- žj er.--er.--žA.--]r.--I-jl-br ]-cr-K- Nl« cq-] ]r-ž~-buG ¥e-WG. "- hG-er-[l--žŒ-|u-tr-No A-u-žIl-›o #-¥dl-Nr-Nu- žj-žb-d½lG žR-ˆr-N ¥I-c-jG $- Wr-|u-¥œly ¥I-c-j-Xl-c-Ÿy žX-Ÿ-ž-žbl-ž|-¥bl hv-cq-]r- Iq-Sl? $-žd½-£r« Nr-ó-bu-žS-buG "-^o-h-dr-ž„t-buG ž~-er-žS r-€u-~u? "-[r-Il-c- "-[H-Ç-X† X-ž~. "†-ir-|u-~ No Il-tu-Iy ]l-d-|l-žˆ-Œr-b- "-u-`-eG $-er-žS $-r-bu-al-e†-Œr-|uG. D-cu X-d-au-t- Œr« e-cu-~ h†-|l-tu-Iy $-S- ¥‹l-öl-i--Ÿy d-`r-|u-~r-d½. ¥]¶ly ¥tl-Uo r-Iu-Xr 12000 cq-] ¥bl-So žN-…u-~ žIl-SuG-Æq-c-X-bl-WXo. Xl-bl-duG e-d-Xl-bl-duG ¥h¶l†-So- ‹-Jpl-]r-N Il-go "-el†-Uu-I-juG es-XG ¥e-žt-buG. h-˜l- r-Iu-Xr ho er-I-h-G ‹-Jpl-]--Ÿ-jr-ždl- a-šuG Ir-ˆl„-X-ž~ žže-Iu-~u. ]- -do-¥I-›r-e-cu-ža-~ `s-Xr-buG r-d- Xu-Ÿu-~u. žža-Xl--Œr-ž„t l- d-XuG Iu-Sr-r-I-bl-br al-h-Ÿy r-€u-~u. $-žXl-»r-el-|u-~-Xr-o h-U„-U-Œo: "--[r-Ç-X Sq†-W-ža„tr« I-jr- d-b-d-Œo ¥]l-duG "-Su-]¶r-|l-l- žI-ˆr-|r-S-|u-~u. Il-br-I er-I-h- $-šl-e-br« -S-~ ¥Z-fs-b h¦qy "-Xo-d-šr-I·r« ep-¹r-K-X Nl-œp-Ól-cl-b K-Xl-K-X a-Ôr-|o r-¥e-Z-G h-a†- Nl« -S-]-Sr-¿ žI.--A-^o.-A. el-Œ er-e-c-¥Zl-gr-I-jl-b -Œr-u-¨ h†-|l† Ül„to -do- ]r.-bu. Nr-ó-žb-buG au-i-˜-Zo "-^o-h-dr-ž-buG h-˜l--al-br Ir-ˆr-b ]¶r-|l„ D-cu-Ÿr-r-~-¥]¶ly $- ¥]-Sr-]¶r-|-cu-Xo. ž-”u ho-¥š-Ur-b-Œr« ¥h¶l†-So-ho a-Ôr-al-cu-žS ž]l-¨- Ir Ps-e--|l†-|o f-œ-jG -do- l-¥l Il-tr-u au-I-jr-¥d-|o ]-cr-fs-d-I† I-b-šu-~u |l-cpG "-[r-Ç-X-cu-al-br hG-hl-cr- h-¥l-g¥Ñl-^r I-jr-|l„ #-ju Xr-Ibl-žX e-cuG! o- - bl-b ‹-Jpl-]--Ÿy-|r-S-br« a- Il„ X-ž~ ]l-Su-ž]-Su-~ ¥h¶l†-So- |l-ža-~o ¥I-c-jl ¥h¶l†-So-ho vrgpal@gmail.com tu-l-S„ hG-zl--Ÿy B-žt-Zq- ho Im‚-hr-žd-~ Eže-¨l-' Im‚-hr« ‹-hr-U„to ]-t-ƒr- cG ¥]l-br-|-»r-ƒu. D-žcl-š ¥Z- ¥h¶l†-So-hr-u al-ó-a-d½ hG-zl-- e-j-cu-~ Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿ-žj ža-U« ¥P-Xl-|y-|-d½ ¥Z-fs-b cu-~u-¥]l-duG! $-er-Su-žŒ ¥h¶l†- fs-b žK-brG-hr-o #-Xr-¥Y-b-XvG Œr-u X-ž~ `l-c-al-Wo. Il-SuG hr- A-Ÿ-ž ¥‹l-öl-ir-]¶r-|l-ža- h¦qy žK-brG-ho ep-¹r-K-X ¥P-Xl- So-ho er-I-h--Œr-ž„t Nr-óG a-- e-ir-Nu-žIl-›o- a-Wr-]¶u-cuG ¥Kl- r-a-bu-ža-d½lG I-»r-ƒo ¥h¶l†-So-ho ~o au-dl-bG-hr-Ÿr-ž„t <-Œ†-‹- |y-|l-Wo 1.--85 d-kG cq-] er-d- h·r-dl-|l„ $-Xo a-Xr-bl-euG. hG- il-ˆr-buG tl-°r-bu-ža-d½lG $„- a-Ôl-d-b-Œr-o h-a-b-eu-ar-d½. "- ¥Z-fr« ¥]l-br ¥I-c-jG ]Tr-|-W- bu-¨ l-¥l-Il† h-˜l-r-N-žX- zl- h†-|l-tuG ¥h¶l†-So-ho ‘l-ho-Ñ-Io-N-tu-I-ju-žS Il-cp-Œr« žd½-£r« "-ó-žbl-ž| a-Xr-žb- ža-~u ¥Xl-~u-~u. $-er-žS D-jr-œr- ~o $-er-žS Dl†-|u-I. ($-p-br« Im‚-hr-du-ža-d½lG D-¥c Xq-e« Iu-Xr-Nu Nl-Sr-b-¥]¶ly c-›l-a- ~ a-¥l-`l-e-eu-al-IlG. Io-¿-B-gpl-Uo-¿-¥Il-a‚-že«-Œo Il-br-I-Xl-c-Ÿy-|u-¨ Il-go "- ]-kr-Iy. (Il† c-Pr-ho-š† žN-