Download to read offline
More Related Content
Similar to cctv_design_ppt for building services.pptx
cctv_design_ppt for building services.pptx
- 1. 1 PLANNING AND DESIGNOF CCTV SECURITY SYSTEMS BY VIBHA V CE10M200
- 2. 2 What is cctv? It is a self contained system, in that all of the circuits contained within are closed and directly connected.
- 3. The firstCCTV- by SIEMENS AG at Germany in 1942, for observing the launch of V-2 rockets. Engineer - Walter Bruch (Germany). History 3
- 4. 4 Human observersare costly and valuable Observations of remote areas like parking lot Observation of hazardous areas – chemical, radioactive material storage Discreet & concealed observations Sustained observations Simultaneous observation of multiple areas Need for cctv system
- 5. 5 Finance andBanking Parking areas Educational Institutions Storage facilities and warehouses Construction sites Gas stations Commercial buildings Hospitals Marinas Shopping complexes Manufacturing plants Transporting companies CCTV remote monitoring can be utilized to track activities in such areas as:
- 6. 6 There are 6design elements to be considered Design elements
- 7. 7 CCTV – allthe elements connected in single network.
- 8. 8 Selection criteria forcamera Purpose of monitoring The location of the camera Distance from the object Lighting condition Budget Camera
- 9. 9 MONOCHROME CAMERA COLOUR CAMERA COLOUR/MONO CAMERA DOME CAMERA IR MONO/COLOUR CAMERA WIRELESS CAMERA Types of cameras
- 10. 10 CCTV-IR DualCameras - IR Dual Camera has two cameras Colour Camera and a B&W Camera for complete outdoor surveillance. CCTV-Zoom Cameras -Adjustable field of view. Manual zoom with a varifocal lens or remote zoom with a powered zoom lens. Bullet Camera CCTV-WDR Cameras - Wide Dynamic Range (WDR), provide clear images even under back light circumstances where intensity of illumination can vary excessively.
- 11. 11 Camera installation • Mostcameras come with mounting screws and bracket • Positioning camera needs to be high enough where an intruder can not throw a covering over it
- 12. 12 SELECTION CRITERIA Thelocation of cable -runs either indoor or outdoor The maximum length of the individual cable runs. Cabling is good practice – Extensibility: Leave couple of loops of cable Use of Concealed conduits. Cabling / wiring
- 13. 13 Coaxial cable Optical fiber cable Microwave Twisted – pair cables etc Types of cables
- 14. 14 Digital videorecorder (DVR) Videocassette recorder(VCR) Compact Disc (CD) Digital video recorder is preferred over all. Data storage system
- 15. 15 Scene –is the area of surveillance Lens – optical component, defines the image by shape, size, color etc Camera – device to convert optical image to electronic signal Transmission medium – carries electronic signal generated by camera Monitor – The monitor receives and displays the transmitted image. Design elements
- 16. 16 Light andlevel of illumination Type of camera used Type and properties of lenses Type of data transmission systems Monitor and monitoring factors Environmental factors Factors affecting cctv performance
- 17. 17 The performance ofCCTV depends on Quantity Quality Distribution of available light. Lighting requirements
- 18. 18 Usable video– usable video refers to video images which supply the minimum level of information required for its application. what is "usable" to one person, may not be to another. Full video – it refers to the images which reproduce the scene with high level of fidelity. Usable video or full video is only possible with proper illumination
- 19.
- 20. 20 If lighting levelsare inadequate for a given camera, Add light Select a camera with higher sensitivity Choosing one of the option depends on cost of changing camera Vs cost of supplementing existing lighting Options for producing proper image
- 21. 21 In addition tovisible spectrum of light, cameras can also see light in infrared region i.e., from 400nm to 1150nm Light quality
- 22. 22 Measured in footcandle/(lux) – lumen of illumination per square foot 3 related quantities are considered Incident light – light coming from all sources Reflected – reflected light from object to cameras Image – amount of light reaching image sensor Light quantity
- 23.
- 24. 24 For cctv designmost commonly reflected light is measured Measuring quantity of light Photometer/ light meter is used
- 25. 25 Level ofreflected light Lens transmissibility Lowest f-stop of lens iris (widest opening) Factors affecting amount of light reaching image sensor
- 26.
- 27. 27 Amount of lightstriking image sensor is calculated as shown lf = li × T / 4f²
- 28. 28 CCD camerasare most preferred It has CCD (charge-coupled device) image sensors Advantages: cameras
- 29. 29 General specifications ofcameras for cctv applications
- 30. 30 In the absenceof camera compensation in varying light intensities, images can be Burnt out – image becomes all white Blow out – images becomes dark These may lead to losing details Solution -Automatic iris, iris controlled circuits are the compensating features. Camera compensation for extreme light levels
- 31.
- 32. 32 Synchronization withAC or DC power supply and output Environmental factors – temperature range, humidity level, shocks and vibration resistance etc Size & weight of cameras Other important factors affecting camera performance
- 33. 33 Factors affecting areato be covered & image quality Focal length Field of view Image size Lenses define geometry of image striking image sensor Size Shape Sharpness of image lenses
- 34. 34 Covering the scene Measureof what camera can see is Field of view (FOV) It depends on angle of view of the lens (AOV)
- 35. 35 Image size dependson - camera format size, focal length of lens, distance from scene to camera
- 36. 36 Area tobe observed is selected first Positioning of camera has to be assumed next Given the distance of object to camera, camera format(1”,1/2”etc), and focal length of camera, from the table field of view can be obtained. Focal length & field of view
- 37.
- 38. 38 Width ofFOV for a particular camera & lens can also be calculated using these formula W = horizontal format(in mm) x distance focal length H = vertical format(in mm) x distance focal length
- 39.
- 40. 40 Factors affecting selectionof monitor Electronic factor Human interface factor And also Type of application Requirements Its placement and purpose etc CCTV monitors
- 41. 41 Resolution Durability Reliability Electronic factors
- 42. 42 Human interface factors Screen size Distance of operator to monitor Angle of view etc
- 43. 43 Designing is donebased on What is the system’s function? Example – detection, recognition, identification Who will be managing system & how? Is the system new or being upgraded? Based on this low or high design criteria is set Design requirements
- 44.
- 45. 45 Factors considered Levelof security needed Number of critical areas to be observed Duration of observation Type of observation– continuous/ intermittent Area to be covered under observation Considering all these criteria number of camera, monitoring systems are determined Planning cctv system
- 46. 46 Determining these policiesand personal requirements planning for CCTV is done
- 47. 47 Cctv system controlscan be Fully automatic Manual Combination of both CCTV management
- 48. 48 Designing is donekeeping in mind the following aspects
- 49. 49 Physical Damageto Camera assembly Spraying substances over the lens to blur the image Laser pointers can temporarily blind cameras, and higher powered lasers can damage them. Wireless broadcasting signal can be jammed using network jammers Hacking threats for CCTV
- 50. 50 A carefully designedCCTV system provides Adequate coverage for security Extendibility for future additions and enhancements Satisfied performance on the whole Customer satisfaction conclusion
- 51. 51 1) eBook -CCTV for security professionals By Alan R Matchett. 2) Security PACE book 3 – cctv systems & control concepts. 3) www.hightechcctvmonitoring.com 4) en.wikipedia.org 5) http://www.securitycamerasandmore.com/ 6)www.cctvcenter.com/guides/Raytec%20Lighting%20Guide.pdf References
- 52.