CA Larynx presentation by dr. ali kareem 2nd year medical student. Al Mustansiriyah University College of Medicine \ Baghdad\ IRAQ 2013

1. Presented by 2nd year
medical student
Ali Kareem
1
LARYNGEAL CANCER

2. ⦿ Anatomy
⦿ Incidence
⦿ Risk factors
⦿ Symptoms
⦿ Subtypes
⦿ Staging
⦿ Diagnosis
⦿ Treatment
2

3. ANATOMY OF THE LARYNX
⦿The larynx is an organ in the throat.
It’s at the front of your neck.
⦿It’s cartilages. *
⦿It consists of three main parts.*
⦿It has 2 groups of muscles
Extrinsic & Intrinsic.

5. CANCER CELLS
What are the cancer??
Benign tumors
Malignant growths

7. INCIDENCE
⦿ Larynx CA. is the most common
head & neck cancer.
⦿ Male: female = 4:1
⦿ >90% squamous cell cancer.
⦿ Glottic CA most common in
Caucasian.
⦿ Glottic CA = supraglottic in African
American.

8. RISK FACTORS
⦿ Tobacco smoking
⦿ Alcohol
⦿ HPV infection in the throat
⦿ The backward flow of
liquid from the stomach
to the throat.

9. SYMPTOMS
1- Changes to voice
.2- Swelling or lump in neck or throat
.3- Difficulty swallowing
.4- Earache that doesn’t get better
5- Feeling breathless.
.6- Cough that doesn’t go away
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10. SUBTYPES
1- Supraglottic cancer : 40%
2- Glottic cancer : 59%
3- Subglottic cancer: 1%
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11. STAGING
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Early cancer: Stage 0, 1, or 2
Stage 0 Stage 1

12. STAGING
Advanced cancer: Stage 3 or 4
Stage 3
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13. 13

14. DIAGNOSIS
⦿ History
⦿ Physical
examination

15. ⦿ Indirect
laryngoscopy
⦿ Direct
laryngoscopy
⦿ Biopsy

19. CT and MRI

20. TREATMENT
20
Before Treatment

21. TREATMENT
Methods:
1. Radiotherapy
2. Chemotherapy
3. Targeted therapy
4. Surgery
Choice of Treatment
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22. Radiotherapy
⦿ When is it used?
⦿ Side effects
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23. 23

24. Chemotherapy
⦿ For patients of advanced stage
laryngeal cancer
⦿ Side effects
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25. Targeted Therapy
⦿ Maybe given with radiotherapy
⦿ Much more specific than chemotherapy
⦿ Cetuximab: the first approved targeted
therapy for Laryngeal cancer
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26. SURGICAL OPTIONS
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27. ⦿ Trans- oral laser microsurgery
⦿ Laryngectomy
⮚ Partial laryngectomy
⮚ Total laryngectomy
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Surgery

28. TOTAL LARYNGECTOMY
Indications:
⦿ T3 or T4 unfit for partial
⦿ Extensive involvement
of thyroid and cricoid
cartilages
⦿ Invasion of neck soft tissues
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29. Total laryngectomy specimen
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30. 30

31. Post total laryngectomy
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32. VOICE RESTORATION
⦿ Esophageal speech
⦿ Tracheo-esophageal puncture
⦿ Electrolarynx
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33. Esophageal speech
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34. Tracheo-esophageal puncture
(TEP)
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35. 35

36. Electrolarynx
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