The document presents an overview of bridging the gap between business and IT through Behavior-Driven Development (BDD) using Cucumber. It discusses the common challenges in software development, the benefits of BDD, and emphasizes the importance of collaboration among business analysts, developers, and testers. Additionally, it highlights anti-patterns in the development process and provides examples of how to implement effective BDD practices.

1. Produced by: 黃俊喬 (Woody Huang)
Date: December 2015 Slide 1
Bridging the gap between
Business and IT using
Cucumber
黃俊喬 (Woody Huang)
December 2015

2. Produced by: 黃俊喬 (Woody Huang)
Date: December 2015 Slide 2
About Woody
• 黃俊喬 woody.huang@kosmossystems.com
• Work @ HTC before
• Work @ KOSMOS Banking
• Github: https://goo.gl/kkBzre
• Codenvy: https://goo.gl/ZuZsmo

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Date: December 2015 Slide 3
Agenda
• The problems of common software development process
• What BDD (Behavior-driven development) can help
• How to leverage Cucumber
• Anti-Patterns
• More Cucumber

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Date: December 2015 Slide 4
Defects in Software
• Implementation defects => bugs
 Automated test
 Code review
 Continuous integration
 Code inspection tools
• Requirement defects => missing requirement, misunderstanding

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Date: December 2015 Slide 5
Misunderstanding
 My wife said: "Please go to the store and buy a carton of milk and if they have eggs,
get six."
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6. Produced by: 黃俊喬 (Woody Huang)
Date: December 2015 Slide 6
Misunderstanding
 My wife said: "Please go to the store and buy a carton of milk and if they have eggs,
get six."
 I came back with 6 cartons of milk

7. Produced by: 黃俊喬 (Woody Huang)
Date: December 2015 Slide 7
Misunderstanding
 My wife said: "Please go to the store and buy a carton of milk and if they have eggs,
get six."
 I came back with 6 cartons of milk
 She said, "why in the hell did you buy six cartons of milk“
 "They had eggs"
+

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Date: December 2015 Slide 8

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Date: December 2015 Slide 9
We have…
• Automated test
• TDD
• Release early, release often

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Date: December 2015 Slide 11
一份文件不夠,
你有寫二份嗎?

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Test

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Date: December 2015 Slide 13
Unit Test

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TDD
Unit Test

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Date: December 2015 Slide 15
BDD
TDD
Unit Test

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Date: December 2015 Slide 16
Business Goal
Requirement
Documents
System Under Test
System &
Working Automated
Unit Tests
Business analyst talks with business
owner about what he needs
Business analyst writes
requirement documents
Developer translates the
requirement into software
Tester translates the
requirement into test cases
Common Practice

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Date: December 2015 Slide 17
Business Goal
Requirement
Documents
System Under Test
System &
Working Automated
Unit Tests
Business analyst talks with business
owner about what he needs
Business analyst writes
requirement documents
Developer translates the
requirement into software
Tester translates the
requirement into test cases
Common Practice

18. Produced by: 黃俊喬 (Woody Huang)
Date: December 2015 Slide 18
Business Goal
Features and
Scenarios as
Requirement
Documents
System Under Test
System &
Working Automated
Acceptance Tests
Business analyst talks with business
owner about what he needs
Business analyst writes feature document.
Business analyst, developer and tester discuss the
feature together and write scenarios in natural
language as agreement on “done”
Scenarios drive the design, implementation and act
as automated test
Tester use the scenarios
as their test cases
BDD

19. Produced by: 黃俊喬 (Woody Huang)
Date: December 2015 Slide 19
Business Goal
Features and
Scenarios as
Requirement
Documents
System Under Test
System &
Working Automated
Acceptance Tests
Business analyst talks with business
owner about what he needs
Business analyst writes feature document.
Business analyst, developer and tester discuss the
feature together and write scenarios in natural
language as agreement on “done”
Scenarios drive the design, implementation and act
as automated test
Tester use the scenarios
as their test cases
BDD
Shared
Understanding

20. Produced by: 黃俊喬 (Woody Huang)
Date: December 2015 Slide 20
Business Goal
Features and
Scenarios as
Requirement
Documents
System Under Test
System &
Working Automated
Acceptance Tests
Business analyst talks with business
owner about what he needs
Business analyst writes feature document.
Business analyst, developer and tester discuss the
feature together and write down scenarios in natural
language as agreement on “done”
Scenarios drive the design, implementation and act
as automated test
Tester use the scenarios
as their test cases
BDD
Shared
Understanding
Specification
by Examples

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Date: December 2015 Slide 21
Login feature
Feature
Feature: Login
As a user
I want to log in to the website
so that I can access to the content
User Story
Feature: Narrative
As a [role]
I want [desire/goal]
so that [benefit]

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Date: December 2015 Slide 22
Login feature
Feature
Feature: Login
As a user
I want to log in to the website
so that I can access to the content
Scenarios
Scenario: Title
Given [context/pre-condition]
And [more context] …
When [event]
And [more event] …
Then [outcome]
And [more outcome] …
User Story Acceptance Criteria
Business analyst, developer and tester

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Date: December 2015 Slide 23
Login feature
Scenario: valid credentials
Given I registered an account on the website with username "tim.duncan" and password "P@ssw0rd”
When I provide the username "tim.duncan"
And correct password "P@ssw0rd”
And submit my request
Then I should be successfully logged in
Scenario: invalid credentials
Given I registered an account on the website with username "tim.duncan" and password "P@ssw0rd”
When I provide the username "tim.duncan"
And wrong password "wrongPwd"
And submit my request
Then I should not be logged in
More …..

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Date: December 2015 Slide 24
Login feature
Scenario Step Definitions
Scenario: valid credentials
Given I registered an account on the website with
username "tim.duncan" and password "P@ssw0rd”
When I provide the username "tim.duncan"
And correct password "P@ssw0rd”
And submit my request
Then I should be successfully logged in
…..

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Date: December 2015 Slide 25
Loginfeature
Step
Definitions
Automated
Test Code
Test
Implemen
t
Refactor
Test
Implemen
t
Refactor
……
System &
Working
Automated
Acceptance Tests

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Date: December 2015 Slide 26
Rhyme of BDD
Failing
Acceptance
Test
Failing
Unit Test
Test Pass
Refactor
Acceptance
Pass

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29. Produced by: 黃俊喬 (Woody Huang)
Date: December 2015 Slide 29
ANTI-PATTERNS

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Date: December 2015 Slide 30

31. Produced by: 黃俊喬 (Woody Huang)
Date: December 2015 Slide 31
Share understanding
 My wife said: "Please go to the store and buy a carton of milk and if they have eggs,
get six."
+
Scenario: Buy milk and eggs
Given My husband buys a carton of milk
When he finds there are eggs
Then he buys a carton of milk and six eggs
+

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Date: December 2015 Slide 32
Programming languageNatural language (English/中文)
Feature Scenarios Step Definitions
BDD using Cucumber
What How Automated
Test Code
System &
Working
Automated
Acceptance Tests

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Date: December 2015 Slide 33
So What is BDD
• Active stakeholder participation
• Specification by examples (scenario)
• Ubiquitous language Domain specific language (DSL) using natural language
• Building the right software (outside-in)
• Living specification

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Date: December 2015 Slide 34
Anti-Patterns
• Business analyst writes the scenarios without discussing with tester and developer

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Date: December 2015 Slide 35
Anti-Patterns
• Business analyst writes the scenarios without discussing with tester and developer
• Tester writes the scenarios at the end of development cycle

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Date: December 2015 Slide 36
Anti-Patterns
• Business analyst writes the scenarios without discussing with tester and developer
• Tester writes the scenarios at the end of development
• The ”Three Amigos” sessions don’t result in usable scenarios, so the developer
invents them afterwards

37. Produced by: 黃俊喬 (Woody Huang)
Date: December 2015 Slide 37
Anti-Patterns
• Business analyst writes the scenarios without discussing with tester and developer
• Tester writes the scenarios at the end of development cycle
• The ”Three Amigos” sessions fail to result in usable scenarios, so the developer
invents them afterwards
• The scenarios are too UI-centric or detail-focused , and fail to express the core
business value.

38. Produced by: 黃俊喬 (Woody Huang)
Date: December 2015 Slide 38
INTRODUCE CUCUMBER TO YOUR
PROJECT

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Date: December 2015 Slide 39
QUESTIONS & DISCUSSION

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Date: December 2015 Slide 40
WE ARE HIRING!