The document summarizes two experimental studies on improving the durability of concrete bridge decks. Phase I studied different concrete mix designs including ordinary Portland cement and mixes with admixtures like fly ash and blast furnace slag. Phase II focused on three mix designs: ordinary Portland cement and two high-performance concretes with different admixture combinations. Field application of the best performing mix from Phase II on an actual bridge deck is also described. Test results showed that high-performance concretes improved cracking resistance, chloride permeability, scaling resistance and freeze-thaw durability compared to ordinary Portland cement.
The document summarizes two experimental studies on improving the durability of concrete bridge decks. Phase I studied different concrete mix designs including ordinary Portland cement and mixes with admixtures like fly ash and blast furnace slag. Phase II focused on three mix designs: ordinary Portland cement and two high-performance concretes with different admixture combinations. Field application of the best performing mix from Phase II on an actual bridge deck is also described. Test results showed that high-performance concretes improved cracking resistance, chloride permeability, scaling resistance and freeze-thaw durability compared to ordinary Portland cement.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
Creative operations teams expect increased AI use in 2024. Currently, over half of tasks are not AI-enabled, but this is expected to decrease in the coming year. ChatGPT is the most popular AI tool currently. Business leaders are more actively exploring AI benefits than individual contributors. Most respondents do not believe AI will impact workforce size in 2024. However, some inhibitions still exist around AI accuracy and lack of understanding. Creatives primarily want to use AI to save time on mundane tasks and boost productivity.
Organizational culture includes values, norms, systems, symbols, language, assumptions, beliefs, and habits that influence employee behaviors and how people interpret those behaviors. It is important because culture can help or hinder a company's success. Some key aspects of Netflix's culture that help it achieve results include hiring smartly so every position has stars, focusing on attitude over just aptitude, and having a strict policy against peacocks, whiners, and jerks.
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
PepsiCo provided a safe harbor statement noting that any forward-looking statements are based on currently available information and are subject to risks and uncertainties. It also provided information on non-GAAP measures and directing readers to its website for disclosure and reconciliation. The document then discussed PepsiCo's business overview, including that it is a global beverage and convenient food company with iconic brands, $91 billion in net revenue in 2023, and nearly $14 billion in core operating profit. It operates through a divisional structure with a focus on local consumers.
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
This document provides an overview of content methodology best practices. It defines content methodology as establishing objectives, KPIs, and a culture of continuous learning and iteration. An effective methodology focuses on connecting with audiences, creating optimal content, and optimizing processes. It also discusses why a methodology is needed due to the competitive landscape, proliferation of channels, and opportunities for improvement. Components of an effective methodology include defining objectives and KPIs, audience analysis, identifying opportunities, and evaluating resources. The document concludes with recommendations around creating a content plan, testing and optimizing content over 90 days.
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
The document provides guidance on preparing a job search for 2024. It discusses the state of the job market, focusing on growth in AI and healthcare but also continued layoffs. It recommends figuring out what you want to do by researching interests and skills, then conducting informational interviews. The job search should involve building a personal brand on LinkedIn, actively applying to jobs, tailoring resumes and interviews, maintaining job hunting as a habit, and continuing self-improvement. Once hired, the document advises setting new goals and keeping skills and networking active in case of future opportunities.
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
The document provides career advice for getting into the tech field, including:
- Doing projects and internships in college to build a portfolio.
- Learning about different roles and technologies through industry research.
- Contributing to open source projects to build experience and network.
- Developing a personal brand through a website and social media presence.
- Networking through events, communities, and finding a mentor.
- Practicing interviews through mock interviews and whiteboarding coding questions.
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
1. Core updates from Google periodically change how its algorithms assess and rank websites and pages. This can impact rankings through shifts in user intent, site quality issues being caught up to, world events influencing queries, and overhauls to search like the E-A-T framework.
2. There are many possible user intents beyond just transactional, navigational and informational. Identifying intent shifts is important during core updates. Sites may need to optimize for new intents through different content types and sections.
3. Responding effectively to core updates requires analyzing "before and after" data to understand changes, identifying new intents or page types, and ensuring content matches appropriate intents across video, images, knowledge graphs and more.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2. • 다리란 무엇인가?
하천·호소·해협·만·운하·저지 또는 다른 교통로나 구축물 위를 건너갈
수 있도록 만든 고가구조물로 교량이라고도 한다.
지지할 시설의 종류 및 건너야 할 것의 종류에 따라 다종다양한 다리
가 있다.
• 다리의 역할
- 다리가 받쳐주는 통로와 시설의 기능을 안전하게 유지하는 일이며
충분한 강도와 내구성(耐久性)을 갖추어야 한다.
- 다리는 공공적(公共的)인 성격을 지니고 있으므로, 가급적 경제적으
로 만들 것이 요구되며, 그러기 위해서 구조공학의 정수(精髓)를 모아
사용재료·구조형식 등을 비교 검토하여 가장 합리적인 안전성과 사용
성 및 경제성이 확보되도록 해야 한다. 또 그것이 만들어지는 환경에
어울리게 아름다워야 한다.
3. 다리의 종류(1)
• 사용재료에 따른 분류
- 강교 : 강재를 주재료로 만든 교량 ( 트러스교, 아치교)
- 콘크리트교 : 콘크리트를 주재료로 만든 교량 (RC 교량, PSC 교량)
- 목교 : 목재를 주재료로 만든 교량
- 석교 : 석재를 주재료로 만든 교량
• 사용 용도에 따른 분류
- 도로교 : 차량 및 보행자 소통을 위한 교량
- 철도교 : 철도 선로를 통하기 위한 교량
- 육교 : 계곡, 저지대 등의 물이 없는 곳 또는 도로나 철로를 넘어가 기위
해 가설된 보행자를 위한 교량
- 고가교 : 원활한 교통 소통을 위해 평지 위의 상당한 구간에 가설된 교량
• 통로의 위치에 따른 분류
- 상로교 : 통로가 주형의 위쪽에 있는 교량
- 중로교 : 통로가 주형의 중앙에 있는 교량
- 하로교 : 통로가 주형의 아래에 있는 교량
- 2층교 : 통로가 2층으로 된 교량
4. 다리의 종류(2)
• 주형의 구조 형식에 따른 분류 8가지
- 단순교 : 주형 또는 주트러스와 양 끝이 단순지지된 교량. 한 쪽은 힌지 다른 쪽은
이동 지점이 지지. 길이가 짧은 교량에 알맞다. 큰 교량에도 가능하지만 많은 교각
이 필요하고 비용도 많이 들기 때문에 비경제적이다.
장점은 정정구조물이라 계산이 쉽다. 시공이 간편하다.
단점은 처짐이 심해 지간을 길게 뽑을 수 없다.
예) 선죽교
영동대교, 잠실대교, 천호대교, 한남대교 등…
- 연속교 : 단순교에 상대되는 개념으로 경간의 주형 또는 주트러스가 3개 이상의 교
각으로 지지되며, 주형이 서로 분리되지 않고 하나로 연속되어 있다.
연속되는 경간 수에 따라 3경간, 4경간, 5경간 등으로 나뉜다.
예) 단월교
돌산대교, 정안대교, 공주대교 등…
- 아치교 : 상부 구조의 주체가 아치로 된 교량. 계곡이나 지간이 긴 곳에 적당하며 미
관이 좋다.
장점은 미관이 좋다. 힌지가 적을수록 강해진다.
단점은 지반이 단단해야 한다. 힌지가 많아지면 파괴된다.
예) 홍교
뉴리버고지교, 아돌프다리, 하버브리지 등…
5. - 라멘교 : 보와 기둥의 접합부를 일체가 되도록 결합한 것을 주형으로 사용한 교
량
장점은 신축이음이나 지압판이 없이 가설이 가능하다.
예) 무림교, 약수교, 노량대교, 장평교 등…
- 현수교 : 양안에 주탑을 세우고 그 사이에 케이블을 걸어, 여기에 보강형 또는
보가 트러스를 매단 형식의 교량.
주요 인장재인 주케이블, 주케이블의 장력을 대지로 이끄는 앵커 부분, 주케
이블의 최고점을 지지하는 강제 또는 철근 콘크리트 구조등의 탑, 보강형(플
레이트 거더 또는 트러스), 보강형을 주케이블에 매다는 현수재의 5가지가 현
수교의 주요한 구성요소이다.
장점은 미관이 양호하고, 지간 400m이상 장대교에 쓰인다.
단점은 교각이 너무 길면 바람에 취약하다.
예) 수승대교, 광안대교, 영종대교, 로열협곡현수교 등…
- 사장교 : 교각 위에 탑을 세우고 탑에서 경사진 케이블로 주형을 잡아 당기는
형식의 교량
장점은 미관이 좋고 경제적이다.
단점은 교각이 너무 길면 바람에 취약하다.
예) 거가대교, 올림픽대교, 서해대교, 인천대교, 진도대교, 돌산대교 등…
6. 성수대교 붕괴 사건
• 서울시 성동구 성수동과 강남구 압구정동을 잇는 성수대교가 붕괴되어 50여
명의 사상자가 발생한 사건.
1994년 10월 21일 아침 7시 40분경 서울 성수동과 강남구 압구정동을 잇는 성
수대교 중간 다섯째와 여섯째 다릿발 사이의 상판 48m가 붕괴되었다.
교량 상판을 떠받치는 트러스(철제구조물)의 연결이음새의 용접이 제대로 되
지 않고 10mm 이상이 돼야 하는 용접두께가 8mm밖에 되지 않았으며 강재
볼트 연결핀 등도 부실했던 것으로 검찰 조사결과 밝혀졌다. 또한 관리를 맡
고 있는 서울시에서도 형식적인 안전점검과 관리를 소홀했고, 부식된 철제구
조물에 대한 근본적인 보수 없이 녹슨 부분을 페인트로 칠하는 방법으로 위험
을 숨겼다.
이 붕괴사건으로 공공시설에 대해 일제히 안전점검이 이루어졌고, 당산철교
등 부실 징후가 드러난 시설물은 사용을 중지하고 보강공사를 실시했다.
그 뒤 서울시는 성수대교의 무너지지 않은 부분을 보완해서 사용할 수도 있다
는 토목학계(土木學界)의 의견도 있었지만 다리를 완전히 새로이 건설하기로
결정하였다.1995년 4월 26일부터 기존의 성수대교를 헐어 내고 새 다리를 짓
기 시작하여 사고발생 2년 8개월 만인 1997년 7월 3일 차량통행이 재개되었
다.
8. 구포교 (1932~2008)
낙동강에 건설된 최초의 다리로 개통 당시 국내는 물론 아시아에서도 가장 긴
교량으로 영도대교와 함께 부산광역시를 상징하는 다리이다.
구조 및 건설상판은 게르버교로 판형교이며, 교각은 56개였다.
1932년 당시 동래군 구포면(현재의 부산광역시 북구 구포동)과 김해군 대저면
(현재의 부산광역시 강서구 대저동)을 잇는 형태로 낙동강 최초의 교량으로 개
통되어 당시에는 대한민국에서 가장 긴 다리였으므로, ‘낙동장교’라는 명칭이
붙었다. 구포대교의 개통이후에는 김해방면으로의 일방통행 방식 승용차 전용
교량으로 사용되었으나, 오랜 시간이 흐르면서 다리가 노후화되자 1995년에 재
난위험시설로 분류되었고, 이후로도 철거 논란이 수차례 빚어졌다가 2003년 9
월 14일 오후 2시 50분경, 태풍 매미로 다리의 19번째 교각의 유실과 함께 15m
에 달하는 상판 4개가 무너져 내리면서 구포교의 교통이 전면 통제되었다. 붕괴
직후 철거를 실시하려 했으나 ‘교량의 철거를 강행하는 것은 너무 성급한 결정'
이라며 관광명소로의 보존을 주장하는 인근의 주민들이 철거에 반발하면서 일
단은 무산되었다. 이후 2004년에 실시된 안전진단 용역결과에서도 E급으로 분
류되며 안전에 심각한 문제가 있는 것으로 재확인, 2005년 9월 17일 오전 8시
50분경에는 22번째 교각이 하중을 견디지 못하고 넘어지면서 상판 17m가량이
함께 추가로 붕괴하는 일이 발생하였다. 그러나 시의 예산 부족으로 철거 시기
가 미루어진 채 교량은 계속 방치되었고, 결국 완전히 철거가 이루어진 것은 교
통이 전면 통제된 지 5년만인 2008년 연말이 되어서였다.
9. 구포교
길이 1,060m. 너비 9.8m
착공일 1930년 9월 13일 완공일 1932년 3월 7일
폐쇄일 2008년(실질 2003년 9월 14일)
10. 울산대교
울산 남구 매암동에서 동구 일산동을 잇는 본선구간 길이5.52㎞ 4차선과
아산로 연결도로 길이 2.76㎞ 2차선을 2015년 개통할 예정이며
두개의 주탑(203m)을 설치하여 울산항 선박운항에 지장없도록 설계되어국내
가장길고 세계에서 세번째로 단경간(1.15㎞)최장 현수교가 된다.
12. 울산대교의 특징
1. 선박 통항 안전을 극대화한 초장대교
- 해상부 주탑설치를 배제한 단경간 1150미터 현수교 계획 -> 선박충돌 위 험성
완전 제거
- 장래 주항로 폭 확장 및 인접부두 접.이안을 감안한 계획
- 선박 시뮬레이션 결과 사장교 적용시 선박충돌 위험성 존재
-> 현수교 적용시 선박충돌 심리적 불안감 제거
- 현수교 적용시 해상 주탑 배제로 공사중 혼잡도 전혀 문제 없음
2. 울산의 랜드마크 교량 실현
단경간 현수교로 세계 3위급의 랜드마크 교량 계획
- 울산을 상징하는 대표 교량으로 미관 극대화
3. 최첨단 기술을 선도하는 하이테크 교량 설계
- 주경간 및 측경간 장력차를 감안한 엑스트라스르랜드 적용
- 세계 최초 초고강도 케이블 적용 -> 최첨단
- 콘크리트 고주탑 형식 적용 현수교 설계
- 지형조건을 고려한 국내 최초 터널식 앵커리지 형식 적용
13. 아카시 대교 (Akashi-Kaikyo Bridge)
1998년 완공되었으며 현재까지 세계 최장의 현수교로써 명성을 떨치고 있다.
이 교량이 아름다운 것은 지진이 자주 일어나는 일본에서 설계되고 완공 되었다
는 점이다.
일본에서의 대규모 교량 사업은 지진지역이라는 특수성 때문에 보통 교량과 다
른 최신 공법이 필요할 것이고 이 일본의 아카시교는 그 명성을 떨친 바 있다.
바로 1995년 고베 지진 당시 건설 되어 있던 282m에 이르는 주탑이 60~90cm 벌
어진 것 이외에는 손실을 입지 않았다.
아카시대교는 8.5의 지진까지 견딜 수 있게 설계되었다.
분명히 아카시대교가 앞으로의 교량내진설계에 시사하는 바는 클 것이다.
15. 1935년 9월11일자 동아일보에 따르면 당시 울산교의 공사비는 10만원이었으며,
준공식은 1935년 9월8일에 있었다.
준공식 당일에는 수천 명이 운집하는 등 대성황을 이뤘다고 신문은 보도하고 있
다. 구 삼호교는 1924년에, 구 병영교는 1957년에 건설됐다.
울산교는 길이 356m, 폭 8.7m로 태화강 남북을 잇는 찻길이었으나 1994년 11월
부터 안전상의 문제로 차량 통행이 금지되고 보행전용으로 이용되고 있다.