A backbone network is a high-capacity infrastructure that connects multiple networks to facilitate seamless data flow, serving as the foundation for larger networks like WANs and MANs. It consists of components such as network cables, routers, switches, and hubs, each playing a role in communication efficiency. Best practices for improving backbone network performance include upgrading devices, optimizing routing protocols, and reducing overall network demand.

1. Backbone Networks:
Types & Uses

2. Outline
• Introduction
• Types of Backbone technologies
• components of Backbone technologies
• Technologies of Backbone
technologies
• Best Practices of Backbone
technologies
• Improving Backbone technologies

3. What is a Backbone Network?
Backbone Network is as a Network containing a high capacity connectivity
infrastructure that backbone to the different part of the network.
Network Infrastructure Component: A backbone serves as a crucial element in
computer network infrastructure, facilitating the connection of multiple networks and
enabling the seamless flow of data between them.
Local Area Network Connectivity: It links various local area networks (LANs) within
workplaces, campuses, or buildings, forming the foundation for broader networks like
wide area networks (WANs) or metropolitan area networks (MANs) when spanning entire
cities.

4. Types Backbone Network?
Serial Backbone:
Simplicity in Design
Linear Connection via Single Cable.
Distributed Backbone:
Hierarchical Device Formation.
Intermediary Devices and Connectivity.

5. Backbone Network Components
>Network cable
-Function in the same way as in LANs
-Optical fiber - more commonly chosen
(provides higher data rates)
> Hardware devices
- Computers or special-purpose devices that just transfer
messages from one network to another.
• switches
• routers
• gateways

6. Device Operates at Packets
Physical
Layer
Data link
layer
Network layer
Bridge Data Link Layer
Filtered using data
link layer
addresses
Same or
Different
same same
Router Network Layer
Routed using
network layer
Same or
Different
Same or
Different
same
Gateway NetworkLayer
Routed using
network layer
addresses
Same or
Different
Same or
Different
Same or
Different
Backbone Network Devices

7. Network Bridge
Definition:
⚬ A network bridge is a network device that creates a single
aggregate from multiple communicating devices, serving
as a communicator between them.
⚬ The primary function of a network bridge is to perform
network bridging, which involves consolidating
communication from various sources into a unified whole.
Advantages and Disadvantages:
⚬ Advantages include connecting similar networks and
accommodating various cable types.
⚬ Disadvantages involve diminishing popularity and market
share loss to more advanced Layer 2 switches.

8. Router
• Definition
⚬ A router is a device designed to facilitate communication
between two or more distinct networks situated in diverse
geographical locations
⚬ It constructs a new frame around the packet and selects
the optimal route for the packet to travel.
• Types of Routers:
⚬ Broadband Routers: Devices that manage
communication for high-speed internet access.
⚬ Wireless Routers: Routers equipped for wireless network
connectivity.
⚬ Core Router: Manages data traffic within the core of a
network.
⚬ Wired and Wireless Routers

9. Switches & hub
Hub:
⚬ Hubs serve the purpose of connecting all devices within a
network, enabling communication among them through
broadcasting.
⚬ Also known as network hubs, they act as common connection
points for devices in a network, particularly used to link
segments of a Local Area Network (LAN).
Switch:
⚬ Similar to hubs, switches are utilized to connect devices
within a network, facilitating communication between them.
⚬ During the first instance, switches perform flooding,
broadcasting data to all connected devices. However, from the
second instance onward, they utilize unicast, directing data
specifically to the intended recipient.

10. Improving performance
• Improve Computer and Device Performance:
⚬ Optimize the performance of computers and devices by
addressing hardware and software efficiency.
• Upgrade to Faster Devices:
⚬ Enhance network speed by upgrading devices to faster
and more advanced models.
• Utilize Faster Routing Protocols:
⚬ Improve data transmission efficiency by implementing
faster routing protocols.
• Opt for Static Routing in Small Networks:
⚬ In smaller networks, choose static routing for quicker
data transfer.
5. Reduce Network Demand:
⚬ Mitigate network congestion by strategically reducing
overall network demand.

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