Arsenic removal technologies review

1. Ayush Kumar Chauhan, Diwakar Chauhan, Ajay Kumar, Monika Chauhan, and Arvind Kumar
Jain
School of Basic and Applied Sciences, Galgotias University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, 201014
Email- Chauhanayush557@gmail.com
Discussion
Current Trends for removal of Inorganic Arsenic from water using recent
adsorbents
Types of adsorbent use
References
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(2021). Development of ion imprinted based magnetic nanoparticles for
selective removal of arsenic (III) and arsenic (V) from wastewater. Separation
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2. Mukherjee, Santanu; Kumari, Deepa; Joshi, Madhvi; An, Alicia Kyoungjin;
Kumar, Manish (2020). Low-cost bio-based sustainable removal of lead and
cadmium using a polyphenolic bioactive Indian curry leaf (Murraya koengii)
powder. International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, 226(),
113471–. doi: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2020.113471
3. Raval, Nirav P.; Kumar, Manish (2020). Geogenic Arsenic Removal through
Cor-shell based Functionalized Nanoparticles: Groundwater in-situ treatment
perspective in the post-COVID Anthropocene. Journal of Hazardous
Materials, (), 123466–. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123466
International Conference on “Biotechnological Interventions to Overcome the Challenges of Covid/Post-Covid Era
(BIOCoPE-2022)”; 24-25 March 2022 at Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, INDIA
Conclusion
Adsorption is the most effective method among others because it can
remove almost all amount of arsenic starting from very rich to lean
concentration and it is also a reversible process. Due to its reversible
nature, regeneration becomes easy which further makes the process
efficient and economical. The solid wastes which are creating social
problems can be used and converted into low-cost adsorbent for
wastewater treatment to remove arsenic. Some of the low-cost adsorbents
even show better adsorption capacity(S-CuLaO-325 mg/l) than commercial
adsorbents. Developing countries like India, which can not spend much
money on commercial adsorbents, have to rely upon low-cost adsorbent.
Preparation and activation are also not so costly and it is very easy to
prepare it. Desorption and regeneration plays a vital role in the economy
or cost of a process. Most of the times regeneration can be done by strong
bases (NaOH), and distilled water. By regeneration process, the same
adsorbent can be used four to five times with approximately same or
desirable adsorption efficiency.
Abstract
Arsenic is found naturally in soil and rocks in both organic and inorganic
forms, and is the by-product of different activities like mining, copper
smelting and coal burning. Ground water is one of the most important
pathways for the human population to get exposed to Arsenic. Being
tasteless, odourless and colourless, it becomes undetectable and causes
nausea, blindness, stomach pain, discolouration, and paralysis to human
body. Groundwater majorly contains arsenite As(III) as well as arsenate
As(V). Among these two, the arsenite species are more carcinogenic,
mobile, and lethal. According to the WHO, the permissible limit of Arsenic
in ground water is 10μg/L, but the concentration in ground water usually
exceeds this limit. Various technologies like Ion exchange, precipitation,
solid/liquid separation, and adsorption are used for the removal of Arsenic
from water. This review article begins with the removal of harmful arsenic
using adsorbents based on newly discovered Nanocomposite’s, Metal
Oxides and Activated carbon. Separately, the preparation and activation
of several adsorbents were explored. For As(III) and As(V) removal, data
on adsorption capacities, surface area, thermodynamics, kinetics and
regeneration of several adsorbents have compile.
Introduction
Arsenic
General
• Carcinogenic metalloid
• 4 oxidations states- 0,-
3,+3,+5
• Two forms- Organic
Inorganic
{As(+3),As(+5)}
• As(+3) 20 times more
toxic than As(+5)
Occurrence -
Anthropogenic(Mining, mineral
processing, emission of industrial
effluents, indiscriminate disposal
of chemical wastes, and metallurgy
) and geogenic sources
(Weathering, erosion, geochemical
processes, and volcanic eruptions )
Health Effects
Acute Diseases (Nausea,
Diarrhea, abdominal-pain,
vomiting)
Chronic diseases (Skin rashes,
bladder, liver and lungs cancer
- WHO Permissible limit of
arsenic in ground Water 10
ppb
Removal technology
• Oxidation
• Nano filtration
• Membrane separation
• Coagulation/flocculation
• Reverse Osmosis
• Adsorption