Augustin Jean Fresnel was a French physicist born in 1788 in Broglie, France. He made important contributions to the development of the Fresnel lens and theories of light, winning awards from the French Academy of Sciences in 1823 and the Royal Society in 1825. He struggled in school as a child but later excelled at the École Polytechnique and École des Ponts et Chausses. Fresnel worked as a civil engineer before losing his job due to his support of the Bourbons after Napoleon returned to power in 1814. He died in 1827.