This document discusses various types of salts and their properties and applications. It defines salts as ionic compounds that result from acid-base neutralization reactions. It provides examples of common salts like sodium chloride, potassium sulfate and lists their properties such as being crystalline solids with high melting/boiling points that dissolve in water and conduct electricity. It then describes specific applications of salts like sodium chloride in the Chlor-alkali process, baking soda in baking and antacids, and plaster of paris in supporting fractured bones.

1. Applications of salts
Done by:
Sneha jain
Akshyaa roshini
Deepthi
Haripriya
Shanmuga priya

2. Definition
• In chemistry, salts are ionic compounds that result
from the neutralization reaction of an acid and
a base. They are composed of related numbers
of cations (positively charged ions)
and anions (negative ions) so that the product is
electrically neutral (without a net charge).

3. List of Salts
• Potassium sulphate
• Sodium sulphate
• Calcium sulphate
• Magnesium sulphate
• Copper sulphate
• Sodium chloride
• Sodium nitrate
• Sodium carbonate
• Ammonium chloride
• Potassium nitrate
• Aluminium chloride
• Zinc sulphate
• Sodium acetate
• Sodium hydrogencarbonate

4. Properties
Special properties:
• Crystalline solid
• Hard, brittle solid (due to strong ionic bonding throughout the
crystal)
• High boiling and melting points (it takes a lot of energy to break
those bonds)
• Dissolve in water into free moving ions and able to conduct
electricity. Something that can conduct electricity in solution is
called an electrolyte.
• Molten salts also conduct electricity, but solid salts DO NOT (ions
must be free to conduct electricity)

5. Common salt
• Chemical formula: Nacl
• Chemical name : Sodium Chloride.

6. Application:
Chlor-alkali process: Chlor for chlorine and
Alkali for sodium hydroxide.
• H2 Gas is evolved
• Fuel
• Margarine
• ammonia
At
cathode
• Cl2 Gas is evolved
• Water treatment
• PVC
• CFC’s
• Disinfectants
• pesticides
At anode
• NaOH is formed
• Degreasing metal
• Soap
• Papermaking
• Artificial fibers
Near
cathode

7. Application:
• pulp and paper industry
• Processing aluminium, beryllium, copper, steel
and vanadium.
• Food industry.
• medicine
• Water softening
• Soda ash industry
• Optical instrument
• Cleanser
• Firefighting

8. Bleaching Power
Chemical Name: Calcium oxychloride
Chemical Formula: CaOCl2
Process:
• Electrolysis of aqueous sodium chloride(Brine);
• Chloride on dry slake lime [Ca(OH)2] gives
bleaching power [CaOCl2]
Reaction:
Ca(OH)2+Cl2→CaOCl2+H2O

9. Application:
• Bleaching cotton and linen in textile industry.
• Bleaching wood pulp in paper industry
• Oxidising agent in chemical industry.
• Disinfecting drinking water.

10. Baking Soda
• Chemical Name: Sodium bicarbonate (Or)
Sodium hydrogen carbonate
• Chemical Formula: NaHCO3.
• Reaction:
Nacl+H2O+CO2+NH3→NH4Cl+NaHCO3

11. Application:
• Baking Powder:
NaHCO3+H+→CO2+H2O+sodium salt of acid
Carbon dioxide produced during this reaction causes bread or
cake to rise making them soft and spongy.
• Ingredient in antacids, being alkaline. It neutralises excess acid in the
stomach
• Soda acid fire extinguisher
• Pest Control
• Paint and Corrosion Removal
• pH Balancer
• As a bio pesticide
• Cattle feed supplements

12. Washing Soda
• Chemical Name: Sodium carbonate
• Chemical Formula:Na2CO3
• Reaction:
2NaHCO3→Na2CO3+H2O+CO2
Na2CO3+10H2O→Na2CO3.10H2O

13. Application:
• It is used in making glass, soap and paper.
• It is used to manufacture Borax.
• Cleaning agent – Domestic purpose.
• Used to remove permanent hardness of water.
• Sodium carbonate test.
• neutralize the corrosive effects of chlorine.
• Salt based Electrolytes.

14. Crystals of salt
• Water of crystallization is the fixed number of
water molecules present in one formula unit
of a salt.
• Example: CuSo4.5H2O
Na2CO3.10H2O
CaSO4.2H2O

15. copper(II) sulfate
• A sample of copper(II) sulfate pentahydrate. It's a blue coarse
crystalline substance and is sitting on a laboratory balance as
shown below. The chemical formula for copper(II) sulfate
is CuSO4. · 5H2O.

16. Plaster of Paris
• Chemical Name: Calcium sulfate (Gypsum)
• Chemical Formula: CaSO4·2H2O
• Reaction:
CaSO4·2H2O → CaSO4·0.5H2O + 1.5H2O

17. Applications:
• Supporting fractured bones in the right
position.
• Making toys and materials for decoration
• Making smooth surfaces