The document summarizes a book called "Whales and Nations: Environmental Diplomacy on the High Seas" by Kurkpatrick Dorsey. The book provides background on how the international whaling industry has changed over time, from Herman Melville's era to present day. It discusses how sustainability of the whaling industry and whale populations became an important issue in the 1920s with technological advances. After WWII, countries like Japan encouraged whaling for food. The book analyzes geopolitical efforts to regulate whaling and resistance from some countries. It describes how views shifted in the 1970s-80s to see whales as intelligent beings, leading to a 1982 commercial whaling moratorium and Japan launching a scientific whaling
The history of the international whaling commissionhaywarhb
The International Whaling Commission was established in 1946 to regulate whaling and protect whale populations from overhunting. The IWC introduced measures such as whale sanctuaries, catch limits, bans on hunting certain species and sizes of whales. However, whaling nations and conservationists often disagree on management. While IWC actions such as banning non-member imports and creating sanctuaries aided recovery, overhunting still occurs and populations of some whales remain depleted. The IWC continues working to balance use and protection of whales.
The document examines the success of the International Whaling Commission (IWC) in regulating whaling through the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling. It discusses the signing of the convention in 1946, the opposition of Japan to moratoriums on commercial whaling, and the role of Greenpeace and whale watching in providing alternatives to whaling and assisting the IWC since the 1970s.
Navy helicopters play a vital role in supporting the Maritime Strategy through missions including maritime security, forward presence, and humanitarian assistance. As the fastest growing community in naval aviation, helicopter pilots will make up over 50% of naval aviators by 2020. Helicopters extend the reach of naval vessels hundreds of miles from their guns and boats, and are often first to respond to situations like anti-piracy efforts, MEDEVAC services, and disaster relief missions. They carry out a wide range of functions such as drug interdiction, search and rescue, mine clearance, and delivery of relief supplies. Rotary-wing aircraft are integral to naval operations both now and in the future.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
The history of the international whaling commissionhaywarhb
The International Whaling Commission was established in 1946 to regulate whaling and protect whale populations from overhunting. The IWC introduced measures such as whale sanctuaries, catch limits, bans on hunting certain species and sizes of whales. However, whaling nations and conservationists often disagree on management. While IWC actions such as banning non-member imports and creating sanctuaries aided recovery, overhunting still occurs and populations of some whales remain depleted. The IWC continues working to balance use and protection of whales.
The document examines the success of the International Whaling Commission (IWC) in regulating whaling through the International Convention for the Regulation of Whaling. It discusses the signing of the convention in 1946, the opposition of Japan to moratoriums on commercial whaling, and the role of Greenpeace and whale watching in providing alternatives to whaling and assisting the IWC since the 1970s.
Navy helicopters play a vital role in supporting the Maritime Strategy through missions including maritime security, forward presence, and humanitarian assistance. As the fastest growing community in naval aviation, helicopter pilots will make up over 50% of naval aviators by 2020. Helicopters extend the reach of naval vessels hundreds of miles from their guns and boats, and are often first to respond to situations like anti-piracy efforts, MEDEVAC services, and disaster relief missions. They carry out a wide range of functions such as drug interdiction, search and rescue, mine clearance, and delivery of relief supplies. Rotary-wing aircraft are integral to naval operations both now and in the future.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
Scuba diving has become much safer and accessible due to technological advancements in equipment and training. Devices like computers and specialized gauges minimize risks like the bends, and quality masks, fins, and regulators allow people with disabilities to dive. Though the industry was hit by economic downturn, it is rebounding as diving remains an affordable, family-friendly way to experience the underwater wonders found around the world and even locally in Texas.
Naval aviation has been crucial to U.S. national security for 100 years, providing flexible, credible combat power and diverse mission capabilities from aircraft carriers and bases around the world. Recent operations in Afghanistan, Libya, and Japan demonstrated naval aviation's presence, with carrier-based aircraft flying over 1,500 combat sorties in Afghanistan and Growler electronic warfare planes supporting operations in Libya. Naval aviation performs a wide range of missions from electronic warfare and mine sweeping to tactical air attacks, reconnaissance, and logistics support.
The document summarizes an event called "Floody Muddy 101" that was held as an alternative to the canceled "Canoe for Clean Waters" event due to flooding of the Missouri River. The Floody Muddy 101 event featured several speakers discussing topics like stormwater runoff, monitoring of endangered fish species, and the hydrology of the Missouri River. The event provided an informative discussion about the river and flooding for participants who attended either intentionally or by happenstance.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
The document discusses the rise of submarines as the dominant naval weapon, especially in the Pacific theater. It notes that submarines have established themselves as able to decimate merchant navies and project power while remaining undetected. Many countries are now investing heavily in upgrading their submarine fleets, especially with new air-independent propulsion technology that allows longer underwater endurance. The growth of sophisticated submarine fleets poses a threat to surface ships and aircraft carriers. The document suggests China may opt to focus on submarines rather than carriers to project power in the Pacific.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
This certificate declares that PRAVEEN GOWDA has successfully completed SAP end user training in Plant Maintenance and Material Management, as indicated by certificate number FI-25-0616 issued on June 27, 2016 by First Ideas.
Mohammad Tariq has over 6 years of experience as a Senior Electrical and Instrumentation Engineer working on projects for Shah Technical Consultants Pvt Ltd and Panun Entracon Pvt Ltd. He is responsible for team management, coordination, installation, testing, commissioning and maintenance of electrical systems, instrumentation, control systems and pipelines. Currently, he is working on the Saurashtra-Narmada Avataran Irrigation Yojana Link-2 project which includes two pumping stations and 51 km of 3000mm diameter pipeline.
Gabriel's Angels is Arizona's only organization providing pet therapy to abused, neglected, and at-risk children. It was founded in 2000 when founder Pam Gaber brought her dog Gabriel to a Christmas party at Crisis Nursery and saw how positively the children interacted with him. This inspired her to create Gabriel's Angels, which now has over 155 pet therapy teams serving 13,000 children per year. The organization aims to help heal emotional wounds in at-risk children by developing skills like attachment, empathy, and tolerance through activities with therapy animals.
Este documento discute o impacto da aplicação da metodologia ágil Extreme Programming (XP) em organizações de desenvolvimento de software. A metodologia XP proporciona softwares de maior qualidade e aceitação, diminuindo a burocracia do desenvolvimento. Um estudo de caso mostra o impacto positivo da aplicação desta metodologia em várias empresas.
Rahul Sen is seeking a position of responsibility in a progressive organization. He has over 14 years of experience in BPO Services, currently working as a Process Associate for British Telecom Group since May 2015. His role includes timely order completion, reducing delays in orders, appointing engineers for customers, and providing resolution to UK telecom services. Previously he worked as a Product Support Engineer for HCL Technologies Limited BPO Services and Geo Connect Ltd, handling customer service inquiries for orders and providing support to team leaders. He has experience in training new hires and developing advisors.
Physiological Assessments of Sweet Sorghum Inoculated with Azospirillumbrasi...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract—Some factors, such as yield increase and production cost reduction, must still be assessed as a way toimprove the sweet sorghum success prospects. The use of plant growth regulator mixtures has shown significant results in crop yield.Nitrogen assimilation stands out as one of the main limiting factors in plant production. Given the physiological effects of plant growth regulators and their mode of action in the photosynthetic metabolism, the aim of the current study is to assess the physiological responses of sweet sorghum plants inoculated with Azospirillum brasilenseto the use of nitrogen fertilization and plant growth regulators. The experiment comprised split plots, with four repetitions. The treatments comprised nitrogen (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1) and biostimulant levels (0, 300, 400, 500 and 600 mL ha-1) in sweet sorghum culture inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense. Variables such as gas exchange and total recoverable sugars (TRS%) were assessed. The application of plant growth regulator at the dose 440.7 ml ha-1 showed the highest photosynthetic efficiency up to 46 DAE. According to the experimental conditions, the plant growth regulator treatment had no effect on the TRS %. It is concluded that the plant growth regulator did not affect the production of sugars by the plant.
http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/spi/en/
Presentation by Andrew Paterson (University of Georgia) looking at the characteristics of different varieties of sorghum and research focused on this perennial crop. The presentation was delivered in occasion of the “Putting Perennial crops to work in practice” workshop in Bamako, Mali (1-5 September 2015).
Scuba diving has become much safer and accessible due to technological advancements in equipment and training. Devices like computers and specialized gauges minimize risks like the bends, and quality masks, fins, and regulators allow people with disabilities to dive. Though the industry was hit by economic downturn, it is rebounding as diving remains an affordable, family-friendly way to experience the underwater wonders found around the world and even locally in Texas.
Naval aviation has been crucial to U.S. national security for 100 years, providing flexible, credible combat power and diverse mission capabilities from aircraft carriers and bases around the world. Recent operations in Afghanistan, Libya, and Japan demonstrated naval aviation's presence, with carrier-based aircraft flying over 1,500 combat sorties in Afghanistan and Growler electronic warfare planes supporting operations in Libya. Naval aviation performs a wide range of missions from electronic warfare and mine sweeping to tactical air attacks, reconnaissance, and logistics support.
The document summarizes an event called "Floody Muddy 101" that was held as an alternative to the canceled "Canoe for Clean Waters" event due to flooding of the Missouri River. The Floody Muddy 101 event featured several speakers discussing topics like stormwater runoff, monitoring of endangered fish species, and the hydrology of the Missouri River. The event provided an informative discussion about the river and flooding for participants who attended either intentionally or by happenstance.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
The document discusses the rise of submarines as the dominant naval weapon, especially in the Pacific theater. It notes that submarines have established themselves as able to decimate merchant navies and project power while remaining undetected. Many countries are now investing heavily in upgrading their submarine fleets, especially with new air-independent propulsion technology that allows longer underwater endurance. The growth of sophisticated submarine fleets poses a threat to surface ships and aircraft carriers. The document suggests China may opt to focus on submarines rather than carriers to project power in the Pacific.
We know that mesothelioma patients would rather stay local when receiving treatment,rnso we will review options for private medical centers, surgical consultants, clinical trials,rnand match you up with friendly, local physicians wherever we can.
This certificate declares that PRAVEEN GOWDA has successfully completed SAP end user training in Plant Maintenance and Material Management, as indicated by certificate number FI-25-0616 issued on June 27, 2016 by First Ideas.
Mohammad Tariq has over 6 years of experience as a Senior Electrical and Instrumentation Engineer working on projects for Shah Technical Consultants Pvt Ltd and Panun Entracon Pvt Ltd. He is responsible for team management, coordination, installation, testing, commissioning and maintenance of electrical systems, instrumentation, control systems and pipelines. Currently, he is working on the Saurashtra-Narmada Avataran Irrigation Yojana Link-2 project which includes two pumping stations and 51 km of 3000mm diameter pipeline.
Gabriel's Angels is Arizona's only organization providing pet therapy to abused, neglected, and at-risk children. It was founded in 2000 when founder Pam Gaber brought her dog Gabriel to a Christmas party at Crisis Nursery and saw how positively the children interacted with him. This inspired her to create Gabriel's Angels, which now has over 155 pet therapy teams serving 13,000 children per year. The organization aims to help heal emotional wounds in at-risk children by developing skills like attachment, empathy, and tolerance through activities with therapy animals.
Este documento discute o impacto da aplicação da metodologia ágil Extreme Programming (XP) em organizações de desenvolvimento de software. A metodologia XP proporciona softwares de maior qualidade e aceitação, diminuindo a burocracia do desenvolvimento. Um estudo de caso mostra o impacto positivo da aplicação desta metodologia em várias empresas.
Rahul Sen is seeking a position of responsibility in a progressive organization. He has over 14 years of experience in BPO Services, currently working as a Process Associate for British Telecom Group since May 2015. His role includes timely order completion, reducing delays in orders, appointing engineers for customers, and providing resolution to UK telecom services. Previously he worked as a Product Support Engineer for HCL Technologies Limited BPO Services and Geo Connect Ltd, handling customer service inquiries for orders and providing support to team leaders. He has experience in training new hires and developing advisors.
Physiological Assessments of Sweet Sorghum Inoculated with Azospirillumbrasi...Agriculture Journal IJOEAR
Abstract—Some factors, such as yield increase and production cost reduction, must still be assessed as a way toimprove the sweet sorghum success prospects. The use of plant growth regulator mixtures has shown significant results in crop yield.Nitrogen assimilation stands out as one of the main limiting factors in plant production. Given the physiological effects of plant growth regulators and their mode of action in the photosynthetic metabolism, the aim of the current study is to assess the physiological responses of sweet sorghum plants inoculated with Azospirillum brasilenseto the use of nitrogen fertilization and plant growth regulators. The experiment comprised split plots, with four repetitions. The treatments comprised nitrogen (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160 kg ha-1) and biostimulant levels (0, 300, 400, 500 and 600 mL ha-1) in sweet sorghum culture inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense. Variables such as gas exchange and total recoverable sugars (TRS%) were assessed. The application of plant growth regulator at the dose 440.7 ml ha-1 showed the highest photosynthetic efficiency up to 46 DAE. According to the experimental conditions, the plant growth regulator treatment had no effect on the TRS %. It is concluded that the plant growth regulator did not affect the production of sugars by the plant.
http://www.fao.org/agriculture/crops/thematic-sitemap/theme/spi/en/
Presentation by Andrew Paterson (University of Georgia) looking at the characteristics of different varieties of sorghum and research focused on this perennial crop. The presentation was delivered in occasion of the “Putting Perennial crops to work in practice” workshop in Bamako, Mali (1-5 September 2015).
1. Animal Law Committee Newsletter Fall 2015
18 18
THE BOOKSHELF
After almost four years of legal proceedings, the
International Court of Justice (ICJ) concluded in
2014 that Japan’s whaling program in the Southern
Ocean was contrary to international law. Australia,
the Applicant state before the ICJ, had alleged that
because Japan was a signatory to the International
Convention for the Regulation of Whaling (ICRW),
it was obligated to adhere to a moratorium on
commercial whaling agreed upon in the 1980s.
According to Australia, Japan’s claim that it was
killing whales solely for scientific purposes was
simply not true and Japan’s actual intent was to kill
solely for commercial purposes. Though Japan did
not deny that it was killing whales, it claimed that
because the ICRW allows each signatory nation
the right to issue licenses for scientific whaling at
its own discretion, Japan’s whaling program was
perfectly acceptable. Thus, essentially, the ICJ had
to decide whether Japan’s whaling program fit within
the ICRW’s exemption for scientific whaling and
was therefore legal, or if it was actually commercial
whaling in disguise and therefore illegal.
When Judge Peter Tomka announced the Court’s
decision, people around the world watched intently
and word of Australia’s victory spread rapidly
through social media. But what explains such interest
in the whaling controversy? Despite the fact that the
number of whales killed every year is only a fraction
of what it was decades ago, global opposition to the
whaling industry seems to be stronger than it ever
has been. Kurkpatrick Dorsey’s Whales and Nations:
Environmental Diplomacy on the High Seas provides
the background necessary to understand not only
how the whaling industry has changed from Herman
Melville’s time to ours, but why.
An overarching theme of Dorsey’s book is
sustainability. Though today that word would typically
be associated with the health of the whale population,
formostofthetwentiethcenturyitwasthesustainability
of the whaling industry that was most important.
Sustainability first became significant in the 1920s
as the technology of whaling improved dramatically.
No longer did a whaling mission involve 30 men on a
small boat seeking to catch one whale and bring him
back to shore. The invention of the stern slipway and
the improvement of harpoons and other tools allowed
whalers to pursue multiple whales far from the coast
and process their catches directly on the ship. Industry
observers soon realized that this increase in efficiency
could eventually threaten the whale population and,
therefore, the whaling industry itself.
The pace of Whales and Nations accelerates with a
discussion of the state of the industry at the end of World
War II when the United States was developing into
its new role as a global power. Though the continuing
concern about sustainability did lead to the creation of
the ICRW in 1946, the impact of the war on national
food supplies ledAmerican forces in Japan to encourage
Japanesepelagicwhalingasasourceofprotein.Dorsey’s
analysis of the geopolitics of the era is particularly
strong when discussing the efforts by Western whaling
nations to regulate the industry and the resistance to such
regulations by Japanese and Soviet whalers.
Though the Soviets effectively abandoned their
whaling program in the 1970s, the Japanese continued
to hunt, often taking advantage of the regulatory
program’s objection system. It is important for
readers to understand how this system functions. Put
simply, an individual country in a system such as the
one established to regulate whaling has the power to
prevent major change in that system. However, while
Japan was using the objection process as a tool to
defend whaling, its opponents significantly increased
WHALES AND NATIONS: ENVIRONMENTAL
DIPLOMACY ON THE HIGH SEAS, BY KURKPATRICK DORSEY
Seattle, WA: Univ. of Washington Press. 2014. Pp. 392. $34.95.
Reviewed by: Tom Krepitch
Continued on page 30
2. Animal Law Committee Newsletter Fall 2015
30 30
in numbers in only a few short years. Among other
things, the recording and distribution of whale songs
quickly created a widespread impression that whales
were special, sentient beings. The argument against
killing whales thus had shifted completely away from
one of economic efficiency. As Dorsey puts it, the
“sperm whale that had once overwhelmed Captain
Ahab was now gentle and intelligent.”
This change in sentiment became clear in 1978
when Australia concluded that it would ban the
import of whale products, stop hunting in Australian
waters, and work to end whaling globally. Though
the commercial moratorium that was passed in 1982
(to go into effect in 1986) was anticipated by most
parties, it was not expected to be the end of the
issue due to the continuing survival of the objection
system. Happily for whale defenders, American
soft power ultimately forced Japan to withdraw its
objection and accept the moratorium. In May 1986,
however, the Japanese “launch[ed] a defense of an
expanded scientific whaling program that would
also put meat in the markets.”
Whales and Nations ends here—with the
pronouncement that would be the first step toward the
case that the ICJ would resolve in 2014. For a book
focused on the development and eventual decline of
the commercial whaling industry, this is a natural
ending point. Readers of this book, though, will hope
for a follow-up work from Mr. Dorsey. Because Japan
has already announced that it will revise its Antarctic
whaling program and quickly resume killing, the time
between 1986 and the present would yield a second
highly informative and readable book from such a
gifted writer. As the author points out in his epilogue,
though, the greatest threat to whales is no longer ships
carryingharpoons,butrather,shipscarryingpetroleum
products to consumers and solid waste products from
consumers to be dumped in the oceans. Perhaps a
book on the threats of climate change and pollution to
marine species is another option. In any case, Whales
and Nations should be read today by those who seek a
solid understanding of how environmental diplomacy
has shaped the whaling industry and how it might
impact other issues in the future.
Tom Krepitch is completing his final year of law school in
Phoenix, Arizona. He also currently serves as a legal intern
with the Animal Legal Defense Fund and as a District Leader
volunteer with the Humane Society of the United States.
WHALES AND NATIONS:...
Continued from page 18