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ANATOMY OF EYEBALL MBBS OPTHALMOLOGY CLASS
- 2. • Segments of eyeball • Dimensions of eye ball • Visual pathway • Appendages of eye • Blood supply • Nerve supply • Development
- 3. EYE • ORGAN OF VISION • COMPOSED OF EYEBALL AND ADNEXA
- 4. EYEBALL • CYSTIC STRUCTURE • INSIDE THE BONY ORBIT • POLES –CENTRAL POINT ON THE MAXIMAL CONVEXITIES OF ANTERIOR AND POSTERIOR CURVATURES OF EYEBALL • EQUATOR-MIDPLANE BETWEEN TWO POLES
- 5. Generally referred to as a globe, the eyeball is not a sphere but an oblate spheroid.
- 6. Equator of the eyeball lies at the mid plane between the two poles
- 7. DIMENSIONS OF AN ADULT EYEBALL • Anteroposterior dia-24mm • Hoizontal dia-23.5mm • Vertical dia-23mm • Circumference-75mm • Volume-6.5ml • Weight-7gm
- 8. Coats of the eyeball • 3 coats • Outer-fibrous coat • Middle-vascular coat • Inner-nervous coat
- 10. fIbrous coat • Protects intra ocular contents • Anterior 1/6th cornea(transparent) • Posterior 5/6th sclera(opaque) • Junction-limbus
- 11. Vascular coat • Uveal tissue • Nutrition to eyeball • Iris ,ciliary body& choroid
- 12. Nervous coat • Retina • Concerned with visual functions • Projects to visual cortex through visual pathway
- 13. • What are the coats of eyeball ?
- 14. Segments and chambers of eyeball • Into 2 segments-anterior & posterior • Anterior segment -lens & structures anterior to lens -cornea,iris,anterior & posterior chambers • Posterior segment -structures posterior to lens -vitreous humor,retina,choroid,optic disc
- 15. Visual pathway Perceives the images and relays the sensations to the brain (occipital cortex) via visual pathway
- 17. Orbit,extraocular muscles & appendages of eye • Eyeball suspended by extraocular muscles & fascial sheaths • Nearer to roof and lateral wall • Protected anteriorly by eyelids • Anterior surface of sclera and posterior surface of lids covered by conjuctiva • Cornea & conjuctiva kept moist by tears produced by lacrimal gland • Eyelids,eyebrows, conjuctiva,lacrimal apparatus- appendages of eye
- 18. Blood supply • Arteries -ophthalmic artery(branch of internal carotid artery) -central retinal.A,arterial circle of zinn • Veins -central retinal vein, -anterior ciliary veins,short posterior ciliary veins,venae verticosae
- 20. Nerves • Sensory • Motor • Autonomic nerves
- 22. Day 22 Optic vesicle, an outgrowth from prosencephalon Lens placode, a specialized area of surface ectoderm, and the surrounding surface ectoderm
- 23. Structures Derived from the Embryonic Layers
- 24. Surface ectoderm • The crystalline lens • Epithelium of the cornea • Epithelium of the conjunctiva • Lacrimal gland • Epithelium of eyelids and its derivatives viz., cilia, tarsal glands and conjunctival glands • Epithelium lining the lacrimal apparatus.
- 25. Neural ectoderm • Retina with its pigment epithelium • Epithelial layers of ciliary body • Epithelial layers of iris • Sphincter and dilator pupillae muscles • Optic nerve (neuroglia and nervous elements only)
- 26. Associated paraxial mesenchyme • Blood vessels of choroid, iris, ciliary vessels, central retinal artery, other vessels • Primary vitreous • Substantia propria, Descemet’s membrane and endothelium of cornea • The sclera • Stroma of iris • Ciliary muscle • Sheaths of optic nerve • Extraocular muscles • Fat, ligaments and other
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