analysis-evaluation.pdf

Dr.A.Kannan MD(Hom) & Dr.Jyothi Kannan MD(Hom)
Analysis & Evaluation
Dr.A.Kannan MD(Hom)
T.C.20/1362, Karamana
Thiruvananthapuram-2
www.homoeodoctor.com
Ph: 047 1234 6789
1

Need for study
Need for study
Conclusion
Conclusion
Introduction
Introduction
2

A Homoeopath after collecting the data from
the patient & logically arranging the
symptoms forms a picture or portrait of the
disease. A conceptual image
conceptual image is formed
which gives the totality of the case.
3

Totality depends on the type of
case:
• Acute
• Chronic
4

If the totality of all the symptoms of the
case were covered by a single remedy
then there would be no practical difficult in
arriving at the similimum. But quite often
such is not the case. Few symptoms may
be covered by a particular remedy and few
symptoms by another remedy. So the
Physician has to evaluate the symptoms
and select the important ones on which he
can prescribe.
5

“ It is important that these points should be
understood, because, otherwise, there is liability
to err in several directions.
1. Error may arise in placing too much emphasis
upon a single symptom or perhaps actually
prescribing on a single symptom as many
thoughtlessly do.
2. Error may arise in attempting to fit a remedy to a
mass of indefinite, unrelated or fragmentary
symptoms by a mechanical comparison of
symptom with symptom, by which the prescriber
becomes a mere superficial ''symptom coverer."
6

Failing in both these ways the prescriber
may fall to the level of the so-called
"pathological prescribers," who empirically
base their treatment upon a theoretical
pathological diagnosis and end in
prescribing unnecessary and injurious
sedatives, stimulants, combination tablets,
and other crude mixtures of common
practice.”
7

"Genius of the Remedy" is the essential
principle of the remedy which gives it its
individuality.- (The Genius of Homeopathy
- Lectures and Essays on Homeopathic
Philosophy By Dr Stuart M. CLOSE-
Chapter XI-Symptomatology)
8

BOENNINGHAUSEN had proposed a prize-
question to answer which a period of two years
was granted. This prize essay, as the
Homoeopathic journals have also made known,
was intended to call out a "Treatise concerning
the greater or lesser (characteristic) value of the
symptoms occurring in a disease, to aid as a
norm or basis in the therapeutical selection of
the remedy." The competition was for the whole
medical world but it remained unsolved.
9

• Analysis is the resolution, by application
of logic etc., of complex structures, facts,
propositions, and concepts into their
elements
– Excerpted from Oxford Dictionary.
• Separating or breaking up of any whole
into its parts, esp. with an examination of
these parts to find out their nature,
proportion, function, interrelationship, etc.
– Excerpted from Webster’s Dictionary.
10

Evaluation of symptoms implies the
principle of grading different kinds of
symptoms in the order of priority,
which are to be matched with drug
symptoms in the order to cover the
characteristic totality in a natural
disease condition with that of the drug
disease.
11

METHODS OF ANALYSIS:
METHODS OF ANALYSIS:
HAHNEMANNIAN METHOD.
KENTIAN METHOD
BOENNINGHAUSEN’S METHOD.
BOERICKE’S METHOD.
12

HAHNEMANNIAN METHOD OF
ANALYSIS OF SYMPTOMS: (§153)
General Symptoms Uncommon Symptoms
Dr.HAHNEMANN
13

General Symptom:
• Symptoms that are common to many diseases or to
many remedies.
• Eg. Headache, Discomfort, Loss of Appetite, etc.
Uncommon symptom:
• Symptom which is unexplainable or paradoxical i.e.,
contrary to our usual expectations from physiological
point of view. These symptoms are found in few patients
and in provings of few medicines. The common
symptoms, which reflect the individuality of the patient,
are of great value in the selection of the homoeopathic
medicine.
• Eg. Coryza relieved by cold bath, burning relieved by
heat.
14

KENTIAN METHOD
Dr.Kent classifies the symptoms into three
main categories:
General
Symptom
Common
Symptom
Particular
symptom
15

General Symptom: The symptoms referring
to the person as a whole. The sensation or
symptoms that the patient predicates of
himself or he uses first person pronoun
when telling about them, like- I am thirsty, I
am weak, etc. The aggregate of many
similar particulars also makes a general.
16

As the general affects the patient as a whole they
carry a higher value than the particulars which
affect only a given organ. If it is strong and well
marked it can overrule any number of even
strong particulars. On the other hand a number
of strong particulars must not be neglected for
weak generals.
The generals are subdivided into two groups.
• Mental symptoms
• Physical General Symptoms
17

MENTAL SYMPTOMS:
All mental symptoms are generals because
they reflect the inner self and individuality
of the person. They take the highest mark
in selection of the remedy.
Amongst the mental the symptoms of will
and affection are the most important then
the symptoms of understanding followed
by those of intellect.
18

WILL
WILL:
:
• Love
• Hates & Emotions
• Fear
• Greed
• Desire or Aversion to company
• Jealousy
• Suspicion
• Weeping
• Laughing
19

UNDERSTANDING:
UNDERSTANDING:
• Delirium
• Hallucination
• Mental Confusion
• Loss of time sense
INTELLECT:
INTELLECT:
• Memory
• Concentration
20

PHYSICAL GENERAL SYMPTOM:
Symptom referring to the body a whole with
regard to various physical
circumstances.
1. Symptoms of physical desires or
aversions.
– Any sexual disturbance
– Desire & Aversion for particular food
– Thirst
– Appetite
21

1. Patients reaction as a whole to external stimuli.
• To heat & cold
• Wet or dry weather
• To pressure, bathing, wetting, touch, part of
day,seasons
• Periodicity in complaints.
2. The reaction of the patient in response to
• Specific actions like, in motion or at rest; better or
worse from sleeping, fasting, eating.
• Definite physical state like, feeling of well-being or ill
being after stool; before, during & after
menstruation; after sexual intercourse, etc.
22

1. Side of body, alternate sides
2. General sensations like burning, throbbing,
stitching, etc.
3. Symptoms related to special senses having no
pathological condition are generals. Eg: The
site or smell of food makes sick, oversensitive
to light, noise, sounds, etc.
4. General pathological changes like, Oedema,
Discolorations, atrophy, etc.
23

COMMON SYMPTOM:
These are noting but Hahnemann’s general
symptoms.
PARTICULAR SYMPTOMS:
Symptoms relating to the particular parts or
organs of the body.
24

EVALUATION OF SYMPTOMS:
Evaluation of symptoms implies the principle
of grading or ranking of different kinds of
symptoms in order of priority.
General Symptom Common Symptom Particular symptom
First
Grade
Second
Grade
Third
Grade
First
Grade
Second
Grade
Third
Grade
First
Grade
Second
Grade
Third
Grade
25

First Grade: Symptoms which appeared in all
or majority of provers.
Confirmed by reproving
Verified clinically upon the sick.
Second Grade: Appeared in few of the provers
Confirmed by reproving
Occasionally verified clinically upon the sick.
Third Grade: Appeared now and then in proving
Not yet confirmed by reproving
But stands out pretty strong.
26

BOENNINGHAUSEN’S METHOD:
The seven rubrics designated in this maxim
seem to contain all the essential
momenta which are required in the list of
the complete image of a disease.
"Quis? quid? ubi? quibus auxiliis? cur?
quomodo? quando?"
27

1. Quis: personality of the individual. –age, sex,
bodily constitution & temparament.
2. Quid: Of course this question refers to the
disease, i.e., to its nature and peculiarity.
3. Ubi: Seat of the disease.
4. Quibis Auxillus: Associated symptoms.
5. Cur: Why; the cause of the disease.
6. Quomodo: The modifying factors.
7. Quando: The time of appearance of
aggravation and relief as also the natural
evolution.
28

BOERICKE METHOD:
Boericke has divided symptoms mainly into two
main groups:
General or absolute symptom: that which are
common to all patient suffering from the same
disease and they are essentially for the
purpose of diagnosis.
Contingent or peculiar symptom: those which
varies with the individual and are not
essentially pathognomic of the disease, but
always of the individual patient. They are
therefore the characteristic symptoms.
29

The order followed by some
experts for repertorisation is
as follows:
According to Dr.Spalding:
Mental General
Physical General
Discharges
Dreams
Special Senses
Desires, Aversions, Cravings
Modalities (< and >)
Strange, rare and peculiar
Particulars
Objective of pathology.
30

According to Dr.Elizabeth Hubbard:
Mental General
Will
Emotions
Intellect
Physical General
Menses
Discharges, etc.
and rest like Dr.Spalding.
31

According to Dr.Whitman:
Mental General
Physical General, modalities
Food, desires and aversions
Menses
Strange, Rare and Peculiar
Particular
32

According to Dr.Margaret Tyler:
Mentals
Will: with love, hates, fears.
Understanding: with delusion, delirium.
Memory.
Strange, Rare and Peculiar
These may occur among Mentals, Generals or Particulars
and must be of varying importance and marks.
Physical
Sexual pervertions (loves and hates, physical) or those
referred to stomach, as desires and aversions for foods;
for hot and cold foods and drinks; appetite; thirst.
33

Physical Generals
Reaction to Heat and Cold
To Time
Damp and dry
Electricity
Oxygen and carbon dioxide
To menstruation
To Position, gravitation
Pressure, motion, with travel-sickness, etc.
Food aggravation and ameliorations.
Character of Discharges
Particulars: (relating to a part and not the whole;
qualifies, always)
34

According to Dr.Weir & Tyler
Mental Generals
Physical generals – as a whole
Craving and Aversions
Menstrual State &
Particulars
35

After Analysis & Evaluation:
A totality is formed, this totality forms the
basis for repertorising a case.
For the purpose of repertorisation the
symptoms are arranged based on the
principles & methodology of the repertory
used. This totality (arranged as rubrics) is
called repertorial totality.
36

Thank You
Thank You
047 1234 6789
047 1234 6789
37

analysis-evaluation.pdf

More Related Content

What's hot

Similar to analysis-evaluation.pdf

More from DrPradnya3

Recently uploaded

analysis-evaluation.pdf