3. INTRODUCTION
Air pollution may be defined as that quantity of
pollutants which is sufficient to cause injury to human
beings and other living creatures and damage the
objects.
Air pollution can be categorized into two groups first
kind of air pollutants are released into atmosphere
from specific source and the second type of
pollutants result from chemical changes that take
place in the atmosphere.
6. Examples for air borne contaminants
Dust Fumes Droplet
s Of
Mist
Gases Vapours
Cement Iron Oxide Sulphuric
Acid
Sulphur
Dioxide
Gasoline
Coal Zinc
Oxide
Chromic
Acid
Nitrogen
Oxide
Tricolreth
ylene
Ores Lead
Oxide
Oil Carbon
Monoxide
Perchloret
hylene
Grains - Greece Hydrogen
Sulphide
Toluene
Rock Saw - Paint Chlorine Stylene
7. CAUSES OF AIR POLLUTION
Urbanization.
Industrialization.
Motorization.
Nuclear production.
Energy production from thermal plants.
Burning of domestic fuel.
Burning of agricultural waste.
Developments in urban settlement.
8. Sources
type
Category Examples Pollutants
Dust producing Crushing ,Grinding
Milling
Road mix plants
Grain elevators
Mineral and
organic
particulates
Combustion Fuel burning
Motor vehicles
Power plants
Autos, buses &
trucks
Oxides of sulphur
and nitrogen
carbon monoxide,
smoke ash
Manufacturing
processes
Metallurgical
plants
Smelters, steel
mills, aluminum
refiners
Metal fumes (lead,
arsenic, zinc)
Agricultural
activities
Crop spraying and
dusting
Pest and weed
control
Organic
phosphates
chlorinated
hydrocarbons
Solvents Spray painting
inks
Automobile
assembly &
Hydrocarbons and
other organic
Classification of air pollution sources and
emissions
9.
10. Effects of air pollution
Air pollution has both direct and indirect impact on :-
Human body
Animal life
Plant kingdom
Construction materials
Climate
Entire Ecosystem
11. Effects of air pollution on human health
Air is a fundamental element of human life as it
makes breathing problems, pollutants enter into the
human lungs through the following mechanisms:-
12. Effect of air pollution on Plants
The extent of injuries or damage of individual plants
depends upon:-
I. The nature and amount of pollutants
II. Type of soil
III. Relative humidity
IV. Amount and type of plant food materials
V. Stage of plant growth
VI. Viability of plant the plant
VII. Time of exposure and amount of light
14. Control measures
To organize the air quality management.
To protect the human beings as well plants and
animals life, and material from harmful effects.
Reducing the air pollution in highly polluted areas.
Retaining the existing air quality in areas currently
less polluted.
Reducing the long range transport of air pollutants.
