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Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
Aforismos libro-leonardo da vinci
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  • 21. $ !# !3%8$* @@*E2 ! !3 $! !3#!8 % ! !$* @K*E! B!%!OB!C!! B!%66%!!$!!BC!B! !%##!$C0!B#%$3! ! % ! ! 3 % ! ! 3#!* @-*EN!!!!%!* K.*E 0 ! B% !B33! 8!% !!%0!!% ! !% !3!( $%0 7# *L $!!O % !(%!0#(%%* O 9 #% $ ! !O% ! ! $ 0 !# 7% O%!30%0!! $C0%%$!#%0%$ %$(! !!0* !O* K,*E7 !B0!$ ! %0 !!B!%6 !B% O % ! ! ! !0$O% ! !0 !O! 0$$C0!% !!%37 ! % !!C !$!* L !B(B%!$!! 0 !!C !!!*R%% B%# B0 !# !! S P5#! %0 !( ! 7 Q K*E !!#!!* !!% !%!$3%!* K=*E %# !!! B* !!*%* !! !(%!6%%*! !%* ,. ,.
  • 22. KM*E
  • 23. !0 3! !!3 #! $ !!0 $*!# ! !3% 3% 7 %$!%0 !663!0* KJ*E 3 C 3 # % 0 C 3 # % 3 ! % !3 !# % 3 # !# % $O 0 * K?*EP#%!%!3B# !QP5! ! $ !3!! $ 3 Q K@*EL 7%#% ! B !(% ! !% !6 ! #*B!($ !!!%#% $% !% !#B !!C0% % %*
  • 24. 6B%!%!!!$!%0 ! ! ! $!0#%! !* ! !!C0!#%! !B0!!* KK*E 6!0 !* K-*E ! !!% $!3 ! 6% !!$6 ! !% !#! * -.*EP#%!($$QR5 !6 0!#B!! %!!S !#B$B% $! B % ! !# ! %0$!!!$*'6*/ -,*E 3! B% #% %% $(% !O(%0*' */ -*ER (0!!%%B!0#S -=*E (03!* -M*EP#%#!%!3Q -J*E9##!* -?*E 3(%* -@*E!%!%* -K*E! !*** B !#$% * ,, ,,
  • 25. --*E
  • 26. !$07. ,..*E5B !$* ,.,*E !B! !#* ,.*E$!* ,.=*E ((* ,.M*EN!$ !#$* ,.J*E ! !!%3!!O* ,.?*E2 !! !!38B* ,.@*E#%0! !* ,.K*E B! !%$0!%0B3$!* ,.-*E0O !* ,,.*EO !$BB* ,,,*E
  • 27. !% 0 *!3% B0* ,,*EN!* ,,=*E0!* ,,M*E #$* ,,J*E!!%0%!3* ,,?*E !$ 0% !0$!C $ (*!#% !% # !0 ! %!!%!!C #%$3( !%0* ,,@*EL ! !!% !$%#3 !%0 ! !# %(! B% $B%!$! ! !# !* ,,K*E+6 !0%$7!!3(# *P)Q$ !0%% ! ! B B% ! $ 6* , ,
  • 28. ,,-*E
  • 29. 3 !%%6 !* ! 3!0B% !! !0 !0(06$* ,.*EP#%#!QR# !! !#!$% # $ !B % 8 ! !S$! !! % $O0$O *
  • 30. 3% ! ! ! C !$ $% !#!0! $7B!C0#(!$!# $7$!% !! ! !B! !%#B%0!* ,,*E9#(4!%29$50% !# $ #(O ! * ! ! !0$!% ! 7!!(0#!* ,*E5 !6OC#3$B0 %0 B! 6 !%$#% 6$%!!!* ,=*E !!8!0$3 !O(* ,M*E$!$!0$!* ,J*E ! ! ! $! 0 ! !!B*A7 % ( !6% !!B#!* ,?*E 3 !$ !* O ! !% 3% !! ! OC% !$C !! !B ! $C0 ! !%6!#B!* !(%#!!%0 !07#B$! * ,@*E 0 0 !% ! !!!0!$!%!! ! %!%0 ! 370 *L !% $ !!! $$ 0 ! %3 !$! !! 0* ,K*E $!!#!*L !!( !%!%6 !% ,= ,=
  • 31. !%$ !3%( 0$$B% !#!* ,-*E5%%$B(!%R !6 S3 ! !!! !$0 %0 ! ! ( !$*5%!% !!0 !0 %0 !3 !%0%% !$0!E$7 !!$!* ,M ,M La ciencia ,=.*E! !!$%33 !!# !* $%B% !! !%(!!%!$% 6!C !#% ! ! !%0 !!3 !O !* ,=,*E !$!$%0#0!( #! !!!*5 !B ! !!$!(7!!!(#!% % ! !!! !!!%0 !!* ,=*E 3 $ % ! (0 !%0%%3 ! 0 !* ,==*E50 ! !% !% !C% !%! $!%!$!* ,=M*E! !%!33! %
  • 32. %0!% !!0*L! !%(% !% !!!*
  • 33. %!% ! #0!!#0% ! !6%! ! (#0##7% $ !!0%!$% ! #00!0!* ,=J*E5 ! ### $!0!!O!$C !% %!0# % 3% 7 0 ' 60$/% !!!0!* ,=?*E !0$!!63%*
  • 34. ,=@*E !3% !! 7B!%(#* ,=K*E 3!* ,=-*E!6%!!$!%$0!6(*' */ ,M.*E 7 ! 3%! ! !!%06 ! !%!!B% !!!C6 0 !% ! ! ( %!%!%!$ !!* ,M,*E 2!0 ! !0 ( 3 * ,M*E9!* ,M=*E!#3(!%$ !! !#%$$!B!% ! 0% !* ,MM*EN!!$!%$%3* ,MJ*E $ !B*%!! $% ! !* ,M?*E#%B%!#!%0$!# !%$%B%* ,M@*E ( ! ! 330 ! ! C$% ! ! (*5$ ! 7% %!3$*3 !3 % $!3 !6 % ! $ !*93%!%%0$ $*
  • 35. % !! !#! %0$3!!* ,MK*E
  • 36. $%!% !!('!/%0 !$ % (3 ! !%0 3 $! % 0 3% C #%3 ! % 0 $3 !# !* ! ! #0 ! $% 0 !6(* ,M-*E(!$#6$!%!$% % %0 !$% (% !6 # * ,J ,J
  • 37. ,J.*EL6 $%$7 !# !*53 ! !( (0 % $!#C%(%6%%0 $(* ,J,*E ! ##% 6 C 6##* ,J*E $'6/3$!* !#0* 3 $% !%6 ' !!/% ! 0* ,J=*ERN!6!(S
  • 38. $ !!!!%!C!%! %!%#!!0 !!%!3!* ,JM*ERN!6 !(S
  • 39. $ !! !%%% !% %! !%!%!!! !* ,JJ*E9#B* ,J?*E !* ,J@*E $% !(0 %B! !% ! !!0!* ,JK*E$7B!*!* ,J-*E9!0!!!%!* ,?.*E9 C 8 !%! ( ! %$!36%!! 6* ,?,*E!!* ,?*E!9!( !%!%! !!%!! !B#( % !!!%!O0O* ,?=*E !!%0%! 3!!* ,?M*E !* ,?J*E9!%%* ,? ,?
  • 40. ,??*EN!! !# B !%0 !#B$* ,?@*E $! $ #! ! 3* ,?K*E 7 ! !(0 % ! % % % $% !# (% 0 ! !%!$!(* ,?-*E !#%!3!! (*5B(0$!$% !0%# !3 !*#%!%#(#3%(% * ,@.*E $OB3*$O!B!! ! ! # ! ! ! * 5 !% ! % ! !6!( ! % ! C0#0% !#3 3%!6!# ! 6* ,@,*E$!(!$!3 !3!* ,@*E9 ! !!%!0 !*5 ! ! !!$#!%0#3 7($!*5!! !#!%3!#0!CB(!( %! !!!%(0!% ! !C# !!$#!%0!(! #! !!* ,@=*E !#7C0%!C $% !!* ,@M*E
  • 41. #0#0C#0#0#!* ,@J*E !3 !%%073 !C! ! % % (! * $$!%0! ( !(7!00* ,@?*E 3 3% ! (! 3* ,@@*E!'/* ,@ ,@
  • 42. ,@K*E!%!%$!$$% !!* ,@-*E ! !0(!%!( !3 * $!3%( !3!$$* ,K.*E % $!% ! ! !0 #!* ! % ! 0$3%037*! !!C$!% B%$7%!03%0 !!%0!* ,K,*E! !!!%6% B$%!!$!0 % ! ! 0 C %8!0* !%%! C0B!C0!0 #%60! !C0 %!$C0 !#%63 * ,K*E ! ! $ $% 6 % !* ,K=*EB!3!$!0%! 3$!* ,KM*E 0 $!% 8 9O$!006B!$!% !% !% !!!C0!% % %!! *L#3$ ! $7!% !%%! $O* ,KJ*E#0$!$ !!0% #B!E0 ! !%!%##E% !0!0!$!(0 !$*L$!!! %$!!%0!$!!C06# ! 7 0 !% % ! !% !% ! ( !(0!* ,K?*E$!!$! !$3 0%06C0 !# $%(0 !B!($3!% !$!!* ,K ,K
  • 43. ,K@*E !B!!$0!$(% !$C0!$#B!87 0* ,- ,- La naturaleza ,KK*E9!!* ,K-*E!#!3!B80* $!%0 !C% * ,-.*E !!!(C$! !!!$7 ! !%0 (! 3!%%!!0%0!!(* ,-,*E 9 % ! 3 ! ! !% 6% !$%$!0* ,-*E9!3* ,-=*E9 !3( !(0 3 *$!!!%!!($3 * ,-M*E!!$!! !$ ! 0C!$%! (!%0 $O%! 0 !B!%!$% $!$ ' !$/ 0 (3 ! $ % !! !3! !!!!***L %$((0O !(%!6$7!O%$!6 !$ % ! !6 !!0 ! *
  • 44. !6% !%!B%# O !B0* 3!##! !% 0 $ 3% $% ! $!*
  • 45. !6(%3780C (0 ! % %# $! $* ,-J*E 0!!(* !0!!% !0!$!* ,-?*ER5 !6! !( ! ! ! S
  •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
  • 47. !(#%!!% 6 !!!3!* , , Astronomía .J*E $! ! !( % $ !% ! 0 ! ! % ! ! B 0 % !! $! ! O *5% !3 !!!!!% !0! 0#!!%0%$!%* !! 6 !3#B!0 !* 3$!! B* .?*E !% !% % !% ! ! !( %!%$7#%$!!B* )$ .@*E 9 ! * ) ! ! ! $ % !!!03 !0B!* .K*E#0 % $ * ! !0O* 0 6 O% $! % %$0 B* # 0 #B 3%0$ !O*5%!% !9$0 !! !%!#!0$$ !!O%! %!$$!*5$! !$$ !(6C !0! 0$%9!B0!BC ! !!$!!%0%% !$ !$ !!$$$!O0! !0%$03* .-*E ! !3 $!% ! ( 0 % $0!(!#* ,.*E ! $!!%% ! % !!!%7B!* ,,*E
  • 48. !$!!!%$!$! % !!333%!0 $! !!$* ,*E L ! 3 6 !! !% !!!!3$! !*
  • 49. ,=*E (B* ,M*E3!6 !!B%0 !6 3 !! ! %0 !6 0 !( B*$$!6 8 ! % !%!$!!C6!0 ! 9%! ! 3% !% ( $!C!!6! !$0!!$!% !0%3% B(!8$%!%0 !O !#* ,J*E ' ! ! $! 3 6! !O$!B##!!$!B$0 B/%3 ! !!* $ !!!!% 3 !!#$!!!9* ,?*EN!93!% !%!0 !OC0 !%! ! !03B%!9!!% # !# !* ,@*E 0#!3%$7* 3$% 3%$! !*3$%0 !!3C!3%C0 !$!!%3B* ,K*E ! # 7 ! $%!B3B !* ,-*ER5 !6!S .*ER5 !63S ,*ERL#3S *E3#* =*ERL !6$!3S M*E5 !%%33 !% !3B* J*ERL3#0S ?*E5 !3 !%#!%$*
  • 50. @*E!8N!!%3 0!$!%! !! 9 E $!0!$E%3$! 0 ! !!0!* 3! !%6!B3 !$3%3C% # !%3C38% 0 ! (C 0 #% $ % 3%9$6#!*60!! 9%3603*%$#!!'!/%0 (!(%!3$!!!%# !% !0%!$!C!!!3 3(%063* K*E $ ( #* 0$ !* 3 !03! 3 !% ! 3 66!$!%B!!!* -*EP# %3 QP!30% !3 !# ## % !3 !% !3 # !% ! (% ! ! 0 O*** 0 #% ! % 0 ! !$% #! 0 !%!06!!Q =.*E !0 !*'2!*/ =,*E!#3$! !%O ! #0$!6 !#$! C0%%$!!%$!%%!% $! 0 0% # ! $TC 3 !###0$!% B* =*E20 ! ! !!B $%0 !!B#(!$ !* ==*E#0 ! !% %B!B% #B!!0%0'/BB% $! ! '3/ 0 % ! 0 *9 % $! $ $#*!!$B! !C !#! ( !% ! $B !B 6C%(%#!0 $!%08 !$ !!B* =M*EB ! !%!% B0$!%3!!%6 !%07 = =
  • 51. ! !%!3 E ! E% % !3% !O0 !0* =J*EB !% $ % !6 % !6 ! $! #! 3!% !3 !(% 3%%!(C0 !%$!% #! 3# % J. %!#3! ! !!* =?*E !% !! % !3C0$%3 ! !#! !3 $ !6C $0 %%6%5!$% * =@*E !% ! #!* =K*E%%!!66!! *
  • 52. ( !! !!*$7%! !!!0! !!!0!#0 $! 3 9C0 !! !% ! $! ! 9 3 ! $! 6* 5 ! !6!! !!%! !$! % ! $!!* R% !% ! $!!!% %$7 S(!%#0 !$ !% !$!!* M M El agua, el aire y los volátiles =-*E $!%#!3 !%!!!* M.*E $!#!!(* M,*E ! 3 B!% ! ! ! !!!$C0!$%# !$!%!!$ !3$ ! % !$! %0!7B* !$! # !6!C$!$* !$!%0!0O!%!! !6* !%0%$!%6!B! !!%# !!#%7 $$!!* M*E#!*
  • 53. M=*E53B%#0 !( %!!! $!C0%3$ 3 !!0* MM*E $! !!$$ !O*$! 6!##O%!(%! !% $ !% $3 !!*
  • 54. !%!!!#! !%$!0!B!!!!$$C %!!O!!%!(%3% % ! C 0 6 % !3% !% !#!* MJ*E 3B!$ !$703C#!!! $$!%%! !0 !*
  • 55. % !% ! ! #% 3B%!#* M?*E 3B%!%3B0!% ! # # ! $ % *5 3B ! $%B!($% ! 6 ! 3B% 3 $ #%0 !6$!3!!3 !#! 0$!* M@*E !3B !O%!B% ! !% 3$!0$3B% !#!* MK*E33B !O%!!06%!B% !3%#!$0* M-*E $! !!!%7 !0 ! 8* J.*E !!$!!%!!$% !!#!!* J,*E !#!! !% !#0( $!* B !!!$% ! ! !* J*E
  • 56. !%$7B$!C !6$B$!! !*!0 !% 3 #% ! !% 3(! !0#!B! !!*2 !$0 !!!!0 J J
  • 57. ! $! #%0 !(66* J=*E23B!8! !7 3B!!C$!!!C%! $!6$%%C!%!* JM*E 3B#%$7!!* JJ*E## ! 0 ! 0! ! ##%#3B! !60* J?*E9B7!B% ! ! B* J@*E 5 ! # !!% !! !!! !%3!%# %!0$!#* JK*E 3B( # $!%('B/B$!* J-*E 3B33! !C0 #!8 !' 3B/%!%#!!C$!% !%#0#B%33 ! ! B% 0 ! 6 ! !$* ?.*E!3B$!%#!33B !3 #! !!!%03B3!!!! ! ! 3 % 0 3 ! $ *!3B$%#0 !!!*! !! 0#3B%!0* ?,*E !03B !$!%! C ! ! $!C%* ?*E!#0%!$!#!% ! !0$!%!!6%!%!$# C !$ % 0 ( * ! B!* ?=*E9 3B !!!B%$%0! % !!!* ? ?
  • 58. ?M*E
  • 59. ! !#3B%$7 * ?J*E !3B%!!%!B %0!B#*5! 7# % '/% ! B 0 6!% !( 3B #3 * ! 3B ! # ! % %!3% !! 3BC#!!#%! ! !* ??*E!3B#!%%!3!#0! !!!!%!$ !%# !%BO!!O*5%$3B6 ! %#3 !!!% !3 % !0!!#3B% B6! # ! ( !% # # # ( !%0 !* ?@*E5!%!6$!3BC !B !!0!!%%B#%$(!!%B !! !* ?K*E%%3B!%6#!30 3!!% !!%% !!!3!0 !C!6$B!B !#!! * ?-*E 3B! !#!(%30$ $ !$$O%#0# !0 *3%3B$!0(% %$! $0% ( * @.*E 3B#($!0!%0 3 $!C ! ! ! $ ! % 3 !!! !% ! !!!$0! !0 *
  • 60. 3%%0!!'$!!/!!%0 ##!*!! #% ! !!0%0$%(!! (* @,*E #%!'/%3! %!% !$!! 0!!0!$!B! * @ @
  • 61. @*E 3$ 3B! ! !$$ '% !O/%!%!$3! C$ !* K K Anatomía óptica @=*EL 7 !B!($# !B% ( ! !%!!$!C !%!$%$!! '/C !0% $! 0 # %# 3 ( ! #!% !0 % ! !O! !%0$% !% % *! !! % ! ! ! %0* @M*E! !!%$3(C3 # # O 3 !( % $3!B%* @J*E L % 3 !(3 % 3 ( $603!!(07!%3 $* @?*E0#% !#!3* #!($$%* * @@E% !% $! 3 $!' #% /% $! 9 ! $*