To write an equation for a sine or cosine graph, you must:
1) Determine whether to use sine or cosine based on whether the y-intercept is in the middle or at an extreme.
2) Find the amplitude and period to determine the frequency ω.
3) Note any vertical shift.
4) Check for reflection.
The document provides instructions on writing equations from sine and cosine graphs by identifying the appropriate trigonometric function based on the y-intercept, determining the amplitude, period, frequency, any shifts, and whether there is a reflection. It concludes by assigning practice problems from the textbook.