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新疆·禾木(下)
这里居住着200户人家,其中98%为蒙古族图瓦人。
当地图瓦游牧民族,有语言,无文字,现存2500人左右。
 图瓦人信仰藏传佛教而又多“萨满”遗风。他们每年都要开展祭山、祭天、祭水、祭树、祭鱼、祭火等自然崇拜活动和祭敖巴祈佛,诵经等宗教活动。
图瓦人的图腾崇拜和其他民族有所不同,他们的图腾崇拜有着本民族的多样性,比如居住在湖边的图瓦人就以神湖作为本族的图腾,居住在高山下的人就以神泉为本民族图腾。
图瓦人丧葬有火葬、土葬、天葬三种形式,现在一般以土葬为主,土葬时一般都在土上围上木头柜作为棺木,死人在棺木中大都采取坐式,竟为胎中形状。
 图瓦人的族源有两方面,一个是铁勒-突厥,另一个是鲜卑-蒙古。
目前,在中国新疆禾木乡的喀纳斯村和与其邻近的禾木村共居住着2500多名图瓦人,他们使用的图瓦语属突厥语系,是中国现存的稀有语种。他们曾以游牧、狩猎为生,善骑术,善滑雪,善射箭。
从贾登峪到禾木有30多公里
有人说他们是成吉思汗大军的后裔。成吉思汗从蒙古高原崛起并西征到欧陆时,是沿着蒙古高原、杭爱山脉、阿尔泰山去了罗马。
在阿尔泰青河大草原,大汗的老弱病残被告知,我们西征,带不动你们了,给你们羊和牛马,你们自己沿着这条金色的山自己照顾自己,去生存、繁衍吧。于是,这群老弱病残们从青河大草原走到了阿尔泰山谷并繁衍生息下来。
 图瓦人过去不曾种养,只知道“弯弓射大雕”。
谢谢观赏作者:ZZM首页图片:人民网

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新疆·禾木(2)Xin Jizn Hemu