Читайте в номере главное молодёжное событие года: Форум молодёжи «PROрегион»; что такое канистерапия и как она помогает «особенным» детям; за чем и зачем молодёжь ходит в библиотеки.
Dry eye occurs when the eye does not produce
tears properly, or when the tears are not of the correct consistency and
evaporate too quickly.
In addition, inflammation of the surface of
the eye may occur along with dry eye. If left untreated, this condition can
lead to pain, ulcers, or scars on the cornea, and some loss of vision. However,
permanent loss of vision from dry eye is uncommon.
Dry eye can make it more difficult to perform
some activities, such as using a computer or reading for an extended period of
time, and it can decrease tolerance for dry environments, such as the air
inside an airplane.
Other names for dry eye include dry eye syndrome,
keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), dysfunctional tear syndrome, lacrimal
keratoconjunctivitis, evaporative tear deficiency, aqueous tear deficiency, and
LASIK-induced neurotrophic epitheliopathy (LNE).
What Is Lupus?
The immune system is designed to attack foreign substances in the body. If you have lupus, something goes wrong with your immune system and it attacks healthy cells and tissues. This can damage many parts of the body such as the:
-- Joints
-- Skin
-- Kidneys
-- Heart
-- Lungs
-- Blood vessels
-- Brain
There are many kinds of lupus. The most common type, systemic lupus erythematosus, affects many parts of the body. Other types of lupus are:
-- Discoid lupus erythematosus—causes a skin rash that doesn't go away
-- Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus—causes skin sores on parts of the body exposed to sun
-- Drug-induced lupus—can be caused by medications
-- Neonatal lupus—a rare type of lupus that affects newborns.
Читайте в номере главное молодёжное событие года: Форум молодёжи «PROрегион»; что такое канистерапия и как она помогает «особенным» детям; за чем и зачем молодёжь ходит в библиотеки.
Dry eye occurs when the eye does not produce
tears properly, or when the tears are not of the correct consistency and
evaporate too quickly.
In addition, inflammation of the surface of
the eye may occur along with dry eye. If left untreated, this condition can
lead to pain, ulcers, or scars on the cornea, and some loss of vision. However,
permanent loss of vision from dry eye is uncommon.
Dry eye can make it more difficult to perform
some activities, such as using a computer or reading for an extended period of
time, and it can decrease tolerance for dry environments, such as the air
inside an airplane.
Other names for dry eye include dry eye syndrome,
keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS), dysfunctional tear syndrome, lacrimal
keratoconjunctivitis, evaporative tear deficiency, aqueous tear deficiency, and
LASIK-induced neurotrophic epitheliopathy (LNE).
What Is Lupus?
The immune system is designed to attack foreign substances in the body. If you have lupus, something goes wrong with your immune system and it attacks healthy cells and tissues. This can damage many parts of the body such as the:
-- Joints
-- Skin
-- Kidneys
-- Heart
-- Lungs
-- Blood vessels
-- Brain
There are many kinds of lupus. The most common type, systemic lupus erythematosus, affects many parts of the body. Other types of lupus are:
-- Discoid lupus erythematosus—causes a skin rash that doesn't go away
-- Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus—causes skin sores on parts of the body exposed to sun
-- Drug-induced lupus—can be caused by medications
-- Neonatal lupus—a rare type of lupus that affects newborns.
Emphysema is a type of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) involving damage to the air sacs (alveoli) in
the lungs. As a result, your body does not get the oxygen it needs. Emphysema
makes it hard to catch your breath. You may also have a chronic cough and have
trouble breathing during exercise.
The most common cause is cigarette smoking.
If you smoke, quitting can
help prevent you from getting the disease. If you already have emphysema, not smoking
might keep it from getting worse. Treatment is based on whether your symptoms
are mild, moderate or severe. Treatments include inhalers, oxygen, medications
and sometimes surgery to relieve symptoms and prevent complications.
Gilbert’s syndrome is a common and harmless condition where people experience occasional episodes of jaundice (yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes).
Gilbert’s syndrome is caused by a build-up of a yellow pigment,
called bilirubin, in the blood. Bilirubin is found naturally in the
blood and is formed when red blood cells break down. The body usually
removes bilirubin, but in Gilbert’s syndrome this process does not work
properly.
If you have Gilbert’s syndrome, during an episode of jaundice you may have symptoms such as:
-- stomach cramps
-- feeling very tired (fatigue)
-- problems concentrating and thinking clearly (brain fog)
-- a general sense of feeling unwell
However, around one in three people with Gilbert’s syndrome
experience no noticeable symptoms and the condition is only detected
during testing for other, unrelated conditions.
People with Gilbert’s syndrome often find that there are certain ‘triggers’ that can bring on jaundice, such as:
-- being dehydrated
-- going without food for long periods of time (fasting)
-- being ill with an unrelated infection
-- stress
-- in women, having their monthly period
The jaundice and any associated symptoms will pass without the need for treatment.
People with Gilbert’s syndrome are often concerned about
having jaundice because jaundice can often be a sign of an underlying
liver problem, such as cirrhosis (scarring of the liver) or hepatitis C.
However, it is important to stress that Gilbert’s syndrome is
harmless and has nothing to do with liver problems. People with
Gilbert’s syndrome are no more likely to develop liver disease than the
population at large.
Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurological
disorder characterized by repetitive, stereotyped, involuntary movements and
vocalizations called tics. The disorder is named for Dr. Georges Gilles de la
Tourette, the pioneering French neurologist who in 1885 first described the
condition in an 86-year-old French noblewoman.
The early symptoms of TS are typically
noticed first in childhood, with the average onset between the ages of 3 and 9
years. TS occurs in people from all ethnic groups; males are affected about
three to four times more often than females. It is estimated that 200,000
Americans have the most severe form of TS, and as many as one in 100 exhibit
milder and less complex symptoms such as chronic motor or vocal tics. Although
TS can be a chronic condition with symptoms lasting a lifetime, most people
with the condition experience their worst tic symptoms in their early teens,
with improvement occurring in the late teens and continuing into adulthood.
Diabetic retinopathy is the most common
diabetic eye disease and a leading cause of blindness in American adults. It is
caused by changes in the blood vessels of the retina.
In some people with diabetic retinopathy,
blood vessels may swell and leak fluid. In other people, abnormal new blood
vessels grow on the surface of the retina. The retina is the light-sensitive
tissue at the back of the eye. A healthy retina is necessary for good vision.
If you have diabetic retinopathy, at
first you may not notice changes to your vision. But over time,
diabetic retinopathy can get worse and cause vision loss. Diabetic
retinopathy usually affects both eyes.
Flu (influenza) is a respiratory infection
caused by a number of viruses. The viruses pass through the air and enter your
body through your nose or mouth. Between 5% and 20% of people in the U.S. get
the flu each year. The flu can be serious or even deadly for elderly people,
newborn babies and people with certain chronic illnesses.
Symptoms of the flu come on suddenly and are
worse than those of the common cold. They may include:
Body or
muscle aches
Chills
Cough
Fever
Headache
Sore throat
Is it a cold or the
flu? Colds rarely cause a fever or headaches. Flu almost never causes an upset
stomach. And "stomach flu" isn't really flu at all, but gastroenteritis.
The main way to keep from getting the flu is
to get a yearly flu vaccine. If you get the flu, your health care provider may
prescribe medicine to help your body fight the infection and lessen symptoms.
Gastritis is a condition in which the stomach
lining—known as the mucosa—is inflamed. The stomach lining contains special
cells that produce acid and enzymes, which help break down food for digestion,
and mucus, which protects the stomach lining from acid. When the stomach lining
is inflamed, it produces less acid, enzymes, and mucus.
Gastritis may be acute or chronic. Sudden,
severe inflammation of the stomach lining is called acute gastritis. Inflammation
that lasts for a long time is called chronic gastritis. If chronic gastritis is
not treated, it may last for years or even a lifetime.
Erosive gastritis is a type of gastritis that
often does not cause significant inflammation but can wear away the stomach
lining. Erosive gastritis can cause bleeding, erosions, or ulcers. Erosive
gastritis may be acute or chronic.
The relationship between gastritis and
symptoms is not clear. The term gastritis refers specifically to abnormal
inflammation in the stomach lining. People who have gastritis may experience
pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen, but many people with gastritis do not
have any symptoms.
The term gastritis is sometimes mistakenly
used to describe any symptoms of pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen. Many
diseases and disorders can cause these symptoms. Most people who have upper
abdominal symptoms do not have gastritis.
Международный фестиваль «Сохранение народных художественных промыслов как кул...MasterRaduga
Международный фестиваль «Сохранение народных художественных промыслов как культурного наследия народов мира», состоявшийся в рамках 15 международного научно-практического форума «Великие реки» на Нижегородской Ярмарке